Adolescents’ view of health concept and its risk factors: a literature review

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soroor Parvizi ◽  
Zeinab Hamzehgardeshi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Educational Facilities ◽  
Concept Of Health ◽  
Health Concept

Abstract Background: Adolescence is the important period in human life. It is an essential prerequisite for playing social roles. Objective: The current study conducted a review on the concept, dimensions, and influential factors on health and risk taking, instruments and measurements of high-risk behaviors, risk factors, and high-risk behavior protective factors through adolescent perspectives. Methods: This literature review was conducted by electronic searching and library study on health and adolescents using Wiley Interscience, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and Springer (1990–2012). The keywords for searching data collection sources included health, youth, young, adolescents, risk behaviors, risk taking, related factors, protective factors, risk factors, adolescent perspectives, quantitative study, qualitative study, measurement, and instrument. Results: This literature review led to the arrangement of subjects in nine general categories titled definition of health concept and its dimensions, adolescents and health in adolescence, risk taking in adolescence and its measuring tools, gender differences in adolescence health and risk taking, adolescents’ health and relationships, socioeconomic conditions and health, adolescents and psychiatric health, religion, and health, educational facilities and health, non-governmental organizations and their role in adolescents’ health. What has been achieved from a review of these articles is that several personal, social, and family factors are associated with health and risk taking in adolescents. Conclusion: Generally, adolescents cared more about the psychosocial aspects of health than the physical dimensions. They also considered factors such as independence, communication, socioeconomic conditions, mental health, religion, and educational facilities synonymous with the concept of health. Therefore, in formulation and implementation of health promotion programs for adolescents, the concept of health and its various dimensions must be considered from adolescent perspectives.

scholarly journals ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND RISK FACTORS IN CHILDREN: LITERATURE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-531
Author(s):  
N. A. Maхimovich ◽  
◽  
A. V. Luksha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Young People ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Related Risk

Background. In modern society, there is an intensive increase in the incidence of arterial hypertension among young people, which is mainly due to lifestyle characteristics and related risk factors.Objective: to analyze the results of scientific researches of domestic and foreign authors regarding the study of risk factors in the development of arterial hypertension in children.Material and methods. A qualitative analysis of the current literature data on the risk factors for arterial hypertension and its prevention has been carried out.Results. It has been established that the occurrence of arterial hypertension in childhood is due to not only hereditary, but also a number of environmental risk factors.Conclusions. Further researches are needed to study new and established risk factors that must be considered when conducting primary prevention of the disease in children at high risk.

scholarly journals Narrative stories of high risk sexual behaviors among adolescents in Makassar City

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Fajarwati Ibnu ◽  
Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni ◽  
Shrimarti Rukmini Devy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Moderator Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting

Background: Dating behavior by some Indonesian adolescents is against the social norms of the society, showing moral gaps and psychosocial unconventionality. Several challenges emanate from this issue, including risk behavior-sexual intercourse. This research aims to describe the adolescents’ risk behavior-sexual intercourse in Makassar City. Design and Methods: The study uses a narrative qualitative approach with a criterion sampling technique. Three adolescents who participated in this research: two males and one female, between 17 and 19 years of age. The data are obtained through an in-depth interview based on the guideline from to Adolescent Health and Development Questionnaire by Jessor. Results: The result shows that risk behavior such as premature sexual intercourse is caused by high risk factors, including behavior, opportunity, models, and vulnerability risks. The moderator effect of protection form protective factors, such as behavior, controls, models protection and supports protections toward risk factors, play less significant roles in minimizing the possibility of indulging in risk behavior in sexual intercourse and in dating. Conclusions: The risk of sexual intercourse starts from dating, which leads to sexual intercourse. Additionally, this issue is also attributed to the risk and protective factors, affecting preparation for adulthood, personal development, and health

scholarly journals Predictive Model of High-risk Behaviors in Iranian Male Adolescents Based on Psychological Motivation

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Aminimanesh ◽  
Ali Asghar Hayat ◽  
Mostafa Khanzadeh ◽  
Mehdi Taheri
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Male Adolescents

Background: Awareness of people’s motivations for committing high-risk behaviors helps to explain the underlying causes and provides a framework for their use in preventive and therapeutic interventions. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive model of high-risk behaviors in adolescents based on their motivations. Methods: The present research has a correlational design and uses structural equation modeling. The sample included 450 male students selected through a convenience sampling method to complete the Iranian Adolescents’ Risk-taking and Motives for Risk-taking scale. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: The results showed that thrill-seeking, calculation, audience control, irresponsibility, and hedonistic motivation had significant relationships with high-risk behaviors. Also, except for attention-seeking, other motivations could significantly contribute to the prediction of high-risk behaviors. Also, the motivations had the strongest impact on alcohol consumption and the minimum impact on smoking. Finally, motivations generally explained 44% of the high-risk behaviors variance. Conclusions: Considering the role of motivations in doing high-risk behaviors, more attention should be given to these factors in preventive and therapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals Adolescent High-Risk Behaviors and Orofacial Trauma

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Adriana Modesto ◽  
Kristen Pelczar ◽  
Deborah Studen-Pavlovich ◽  
Aaron M. Valasek ◽  
Zachary Mills ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
The University ◽  
Physical Altercations

Aim: The objective of the study was to investigate if there was a relationship between high risk behaviors among adolescents and orofacial trauma. Material and Methods: The study used a cross-sectional retrospective design with data collected from electronic health records of over 4,000 patients treated in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine from May 2009 through September 2013. This study was approved by the University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board. Risk factors for trauma were obtained from each patient’s medical and social history and included tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use, tattoos, piercings, and mouthguard use during sports. Outcome measures used were history of broken bones or orofacial trauma. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of each risk factor in increasing risk for trauma outcomes were calculated. Chi-square tests were also performed with an alpha of 0.05. Results and Conclusions: A total of 2,609 patients were included in this study. Males (N=1,340) had statistically more often orofacial trauma than females, and were statistically more often exposed to all risk factors (tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use, tattoos, and physical altercations) than females with the exception of using piercings in body parts other than the ears and not wearing mouthguard for sports. Wearing mouthguard for sports decreased in 50% the risk of orofacial trauma (OR=0.53; 95% CI 0.42-0.68; p=0.00000001). Tobacco use and physical altercations increased the chance of broken bone, fractured tooth, and orofacial trauma in 2-fold (smoking, OR=1.85-2.28, 95% CI 1.3-2.96; physical altercations, OR=1.9-2.34; p=0.0005). Drinking and using illicit drugs increased the risk of broken bone (OR=1.9, 95% CI 1.37- 2.64; p=0.0001). Use of mouthguards for sports dramatically reduced the risk of orofacial trauma. Tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use, and getting into physical altercations increased the risk of orofacial trauma.

Implications for health policy, public health, health care, and research

2019 ◽  
pp. 221-246
Author(s):  
Raj S. Bhopal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Individual Level

Achieving internationally agreed prevention strategies is extremely difficult and doing so for South Asians, specifically, is tougher still. Most guidance is centred on individual level behaviour change. The challenge is to produce focused, low cost, effective actions, underpinned by clear, simple, and accurate explanations of the causes of the phenomenon. The key messages are that the high risk of CVD and DM2 in urbanizing South Asians is not inevitable. It is not innate or genetic. Similarly, the risks are unlikely to be acquired in utero, birth, or infancy, and programmed in a fixed way. Rather, exposure to risk factors in childhood, adolescence, and most particularly in adulthood is the key. In addition to the established causes we need to research additional factors especially those identified as novel in Chapter 9. National legislation and policy that alters environments to reduce exposure to risk factors and increase exposure to protective factors is essential.

scholarly journals 1279. Barriers to Acquiring Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), Risk Factors for HIV and Health Determinants in Adult Transgender Individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S461-S461
Author(s):  
Daniel Sanchez ◽  
Jessica Conklin ◽  
Matthew Borrego ◽  
Cheyenne Newsome ◽  
Renee C Mercier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Behaviors

Abstract Background Transgender women face many health disparities including higher rates of acquiring Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The prevalence of HIV in the transgender population is 14.1% with 31% of this population engaging in sex work. PrEP is an effective method to prevent HIV acquisition. With transgender women among the highest risk in acquiring HIV, this study aimed to describe the transgender population while identifying risk factors for acquiring HIV and barriers transgender females face in acquiring PrEP. Methods An IRB approved, cross-sectional study utilized an electronic questionnaire administered to 54 people at a community resource center who specializes in the care for transgender individuals between January and April 2019. Using a pre-questionnaire survey, participants were eligible for inclusion if they were deemed at high risk for acquiring HIV. A second survey was given to those who were deemed high risk and met the inclusion criteria ( ≥18 years old). Survey questions inquired about the individuals’ high-risk behaviors, social determinants of health and knowledge about PrEP. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results Of the 54 participants, 51 individuals met inclusion for enrollment. Two of the enrolled people were excluded due to incomplete surveys. Of the 49 individuals who completed the study, 43 of the participants had a gender identity other than their assigned sex. Nearly half of the people in this study were American Indian. Over 60% of the cohort had sex for money or other goods. Depression was reported by 71% of participants while homelessness by 59%. Approximately 69% were aware of PrEP however 70.8% had never taken PrEP. When asked about HIV risk, 41.7% felt that they were not at risk for HIV and chose not to take PrEP. Lack of self-awareness of HIV risk factors was the predominant barrier to PrEP. Conclusion This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first study to describe a significant proportion of transgender individuals of American Indian heritage who are at high-risk for HIV. Participants were aware of PrEP however despite high-risk behaviors they underestimated their risks and few took PrEP. Negative health determinants were reported in the majority of participants. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals High-Risk Violent Prisoners’ Patterns of Change on Parole on the DRAOR’s Dynamic Risk and Protective Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon L. L. Polaschek ◽  
Julia A. Yesberg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Dynamic Risk Factors ◽  
Dynamic Risk ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Dynamic Risk Assessment ◽  
Rehabilitative Intervention

Few studies have examined change after treatment completion; such investigations can enhance our understanding of how a rehabilitative intervention leads to reduced recidivism. The current study uses growth curve modeling to investigate change in dynamic risk factors in the community, following two samples of high-risk violent men for up to 12 months on parole. While in prison, one sample had completed intensive psychological treatment, whereas the other completed no programs or briefer programs. As expected, based on Dynamic Risk Assessment for Offender Re-Entry (DRAOR) scores, intensive program completers entered the community with higher protective and lower stable and acute dynamic factors, and showed less variability on acute risk factors, as did all of those with better initial scores. But the two samples improved at a similar rate over the course of parole. Those with initially poorer scores changed less on parole except for protective factors; those with stronger initial protective scores showed less change.

scholarly journals Analysis of the NANDA-I taxonomy “maternal-fetal dyad” concept in high-risk pregnancy: integrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryanne Carolynne Marques Gomes ◽  
Marcos Venícios de Oliveira Lopes ◽  
Jaqueline Galdino Albuquerque Perrelli ◽  
Cleide Maria Pontes ◽  
Francisca Márcia Pereira Linhares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Concept Analysis ◽  
High Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Pregnancy Risk ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Definition Of

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the NANDA-I taxonomy “maternal-fetal dyad” concept in high-risk pregnancy. Method: an integrative literature review based on the Conceptual Analysis model proposed by Walker and Avant. It was conducted at PUBMED, CINAHL, SCOPUS, LILACS and SciELO, with the descriptors: Complications of pregnancy, Risk Factors, and Pregnancy, High-Risk (from 2008-2020). Result: the sample consisted of 44 articles, which identified two attributes and 21 antecedents of the concept. Conclusion: concept analysis allowed to identify the attributes and antecedents of the “maternal-fetal dyad” concept in high-risk pregnancy, in addition to raising and clarifying ideas. It was possible to identify 12 antecedents that are not included in NANDA-I as well as the need to review the definition of the diagnosis proposed by the taxonomy.

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