Cross-sectional comparison of age-related changes in the quadriceps femoris in Japanese basketball players

2017 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Sekine ◽  
Norikazu Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Vastus Intermedius ◽  
Age Related Changes

Abstract Background This study examines age-related changes in the quadriceps femoris (QF), subdivided into the vastus medialis oblique (VMO), vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF), vastus intermedius (VI) and vastus lateralis (VL) in basketball players. Subjects Seventy male basketball players were divided into four groups according to age (12–13, 14–15, 16–17, and 18–20 years). Methods Ultrasonography was used to measure muscle architecture of the VMO, VM, RF, VI and VL. We created cubic approximate expressions and calculated inflexion points to evaluate peak growth age of each muscle head. Results Significant interactions were observed for all QF parts (p < 0.01–0.001). Muscle thickness (MT) in all QF parts was significantly lower in 12–13-year olds than in 18–20-year olds (p < 0.01–0.001). Significant differences were recognised between 12–13 and 16–17-year olds in VM (p < 0.001), RF (p < 0.001) and VL (p = 0.007). MT was significantly lower in 14–15-year olds than in 16–17-year olds in the VM (p = 0.007) and RF (p = 0.026) and in 18–20 year olds in the VM (p < 0.001), RF (p = 0.036) and VI (p < 0.001). Peak growth age was estimated for each QF part (VMO, 155.0 months; VM, 187.8 months; RF, 212.2 months, VI, 188.9 months; VL, 181.1 months). Conclusion QF parts have different growth rates due to differing functions in each muscle head.

Muscle-specific atrophy of the quadriceps femoris with aging

2001 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 2070-2074 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Trappe ◽  
D. M. Lindquist ◽  
J. A. Carrithers
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Vastus Intermedius ◽  
Aging Men ◽  
Old Men

We examined the size of the four muscles of the quadriceps femoris in young and old men and women to assess whether the vastus lateralis is an appropriate surrogate for the quadriceps femoris in human studies of aging skeletal muscle. Ten young (24 ± 2 yr) and ten old (79 ± 7 yr) sedentary individuals underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the quadriceps femoris after 60 min of supine rest. Volume (cm3) and average cross-sectional area (CSA, cm2) of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus intermedius (VI), vastus medialis (VM), and the total quadriceps femoris were decreased ( P < 0.05) in older compared with younger women and men. However, percentage of the total quadriceps femoris taken up by each muscle was similar ( P > 0.05) between young and old (RF: 10 ± 0.3 vs. 11 ± 0.4; VL: 33 ± 1 vs. 33 ± 1; VI: 31 ± 1 vs. 31 ± 0.4; VM: 26 ± 1 vs. 25 ± 1%). These results suggest that each of the four muscles of the quadriceps femoris atrophy similarly in aging men and women. Our data support the use of vastus lateralis tissue to represent the quadriceps femoris muscle in aging research.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Additional Heads of the Quadriceps Femoris, the Vasti Muscles and the Patellar Ligament

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Olewnik ◽  
Kacper Ruzik ◽  
Bartłomiej Szewczyk ◽  
Michał Podgórski ◽  
Paloma Aragonés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Patellar Ligament ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Vastus Intermedius ◽  
Deep Layers ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction: The quadriceps femoris consists of four muscles: the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius and vastus lateralis. However, the effect of additional quadriceps femoris heads on the vasti muscles and patellar ligaments is unknown.Materials and Methods: One hundred and six lower limbs (34 male and 19 female cadavers) fixed in 10% formalin were examined.Results: On all lower extremities, the vastus lateralis consisted of superficial, intermediate and deep layers. The vastus medialis, on the other hand, consisted of only the longus and obliquus layers. Additional quadriceps femoris heads affected both the vasti muscles and the patellar ligaments.Conclusion: There is a strong correlation between the presence of accessory quadriceps femoris heads and effects on vasti muscles and patellar ligament.

Mechanical behavior of the quadriceps femoris muscle tendon unit during low-load contractions

2008 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1320-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taija Finni ◽  
Marko Havu ◽  
Shantanu Sinha ◽  
Jussi-Pekka Usenius ◽  
Sulin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris Muscle ◽  
Femoris Muscle

We examined the relationships between morphology and muscle-tendon dynamics of the quadriceps femoris muscle of 11 men using velocity-encoded phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thigh muscle electromyography and joint range of motion were first measured outside the MRI scanner during knee extension-flexion tasks that were performed at a rate of 40 times/min with elastic bands providing peak resistance of 5.2 kp (SD 0.4) to the extension. The same movement was repeated inside the MRI scanner bore where tissue velocities and muscle morphology were recorded. The average displacement in the proximal and distal halves of the rectus femoris and vastus intermedius aponeuroses was different ( P = 0.049), reflecting shortening (1.6%), but the tensile strain along the length of the aponeuroses was uniform. The aponeurosis behavior varied among individuals, and these individual patterns were best explained by the differences in relative cross-sectional area of rectus femoris to vastus muscles ( r = 0.71, P = 0.014). During dynamic contraction, considerable deformation of muscles in the axial plane caused an anatomic measure such as muscle thickness to change differently (decrease or increase) in different sites of measurement. For example, when analyzed from the axial images, the vastus lateralis thickness did not change ( P = 0.946) in the frontal plane through femur but increased in a 45° oblique plane between the frontal and sagittal planes ( P = 0.004). The present observations of the heterogeneity and individual behavior emphasize the fact that single-point measurements do not always reflect the overall behavior of muscle-tendon unit.

scholarly journals Sub-elite sprinters and rugby players possess different morphological characteristics of the individual hamstrings and quadriceps muscles

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0259039
Author(s):  
Raki Kawama ◽  
Masamichi Okudaira ◽  
Tatsuya Shimasaki ◽  
Hirohiko Maemura ◽  
Satoru Tanigawa
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vastus Intermedius ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Rugby Players

Numerous studies have clarified that sprinters possess unique morphological characteristics of the thigh muscles compared with non-athletes. However, little evidence is available regarding the morphological differences between sprinters and rugby players. This study aimed to examine the morphological differences in the individual hamstrings and quadriceps femoris muscles between sub-elite sprinters and rugby players. Ultrasound images were acquired from the proximal, middle, and distal regions of the thigh. From the images, the anatomical cross-sectional areas were calculated for 14 sub-elite sprinters, 14 rugby players, and 14 non-athletes. The calculated anatomical cross-sectional areas were normalized to two-thirds power of the body mass, and the normalized values of all regions were averaged as those of the individual muscles. In the hamstrings, the sizes of the biceps femoris short head and semitendinosus were greater in the sprinters than in the rugby players and/or non-athletes (all p < 0.05). In contrast, in the quadriceps femoris, the sizes of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius were the greatest in the rugby players (all p < 0.05). In the middle region of the biceps femoris short head and the proximal-middle regions of the semitendinosus, the muscle sizes were greater in the sprinters than in the rugby players (all p < 0.05), and vice versa in the middle-distal regions of the rectus femoris (all p < 0.05). These results suggest that 1) sub-elite sprinters possess larger sizes of the biceps femoris short head and semitendinosus, whereas rugby players have larger sizes of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius, and 2) each of the athletes has different size distributions, especially along the lengths of BFsh, ST, and RF. The findings of the present study would be helpful for rugby players in designing training regimens aimed at enhancing sprint performance.

scholarly journals Association of physical activity with age-related changes in muscle echo intensity in older adults: a 4-year longitudinal study

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 1468-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Fukumoto ◽  
Yosuke Yamada ◽  
Tome Ikezoe ◽  
Yuya Watanabe ◽  
Masashi Taniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Echo Intensity ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Ultrasonic echo intensity (EI), an easy-to-use measure of intramuscular fat and fibrous tissues, is known to increase with aging. However, age-related changes in EI have not been examined in a longitudinal design. The objective of this study was to investigate 4-yr longitudinal changes in the EI of the quadriceps femoris in older adults, based on difference in physical activity (PA). This study included 131 community-dwelling older adults with a mean age of 72.9 ± 5.2 yr. Subcutaneous fat thickness (FT), muscle thickness (MT), and EI of the quadriceps femoris were measured by ultrasound. Isometric knee extensor strength was also measured. PA was assessed using a questionnaire at baseline, and participants were classified into the high or low PA groups. In 4 yr, a significant decrease in FT, MT, and strength was observed in both groups ( P < 0.05), whereas a significant decrease in EI was observed only in the high PA group ( P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that the difference in PA was a significant predictor of 4-yr changes in MT (β = 0.189, P = 0.031) and EI (β = −3.145, P = 0.045) but not in the body mass index, FT, or strength adjusted for potential confounders. The present findings suggest that greater PA has a positive effect on longitudinal changes in the MT and EI of the quadriceps femoris in older adults. In addition, greater PA may contribute to a future decrease in EI, and an increase in EI may not occur in 4 yr, even in older adults with lesser PA. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our results suggest that greater physical activity (PA) may mitigate future changes in muscle thickness and echo intensity (EI). A decrease in EI over 4 yr was observed in older adults with greater PA, and an increase in EI was not observed, even in older adults with smaller PA. Several cross-sectional studies demonstrated an increase in EI with aging. Additionally, the results of our longitudinal study suggest that an age-related increase in EI may be moderated after the old-age period.

scholarly journals Bilateral Differences in Muscle Architecture and Increased Rate of Injury in National Basketball Association Players

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 794-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald T. Mangine ◽  
Jay R. Hoffman ◽  
Adam M. Gonzalez ◽  
Adam R. Jajtner ◽  
Tyler Scanlon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Basketball ◽  
Bilateral Differences

Context Professional basketball players have demanding schedules that, in combination with certain underlying physical characteristics and side-to-side strength and power imbalances, may make them vulnerable to lower extremity injuries. Objective To examine the relationship among skeletal muscle architecture, lower body power, and games missed because of lower extremity injury (%MISS) in professional basketball players. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Human Performance Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Nine players under contract for Orlando Magic were assessed. We compared athletes who were injured (n = 4, height = 203.2 ± 5.5 cm, mass = 105 ± 7.5 kg, age = 25.0 ± 2.8 years) and those who remained healthy (n = 5, height = 200.2 ± 12.2 cm, mass = 100.1 ± 16.6 kg, age = 22.4 ± 1.9 years) during the season. Main Outcome Measure(s) Bilateral ultrasonographic measurements of muscle thickness, pennation angle, echo intensity, and cross-sectional area of the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis were collected before regular-season play. Subsequently, muscle thickness and pennation angle were used to compute fascicle length. Along with unilateral jumping power, inferences were made upon the magnitude of the relationship between the percentage bilateral difference in these measures and %MISS, as well as between injured and healthy athletes. Results The data indicated likely relationships between %MISS and age (r = 0.772), and between %MISS and bilateral differences in rectus femoris cross-sectional area (7.8% ± 6.4%; r = 0.657) and vastus lateralis cross-sectional area (6.2% ± 4.8%; r = 0.521), as well as a possible relationship with vastus lateralis muscle thickness (7.9% ± 8.9%; r = 0.444). Echo-intensity differences in the vastus lateralis were greater in injured (8.0% ± 2.4%) versus healthy athletes (3.2% ± 2.0%). Although a 2-fold difference in mean jumping power was observed between injured (26.3 ± 14.9 W) and healthy athletes (13.6 ± 8.7 W), these differences were not statistically significant (P = .20). Conclusions In the present sample, lower extremity side-to-side differences may be related to an increased risk for lower extremity injury. Future researchers using larger sample sizes need to identify normal versus at-risk ranges for bilateral differences in muscle structure and power of the lower extremities of professional basketball players and athletes in other sports.

scholarly journals Telemetered Electromyography of the Fast and Slow Extensors of the Leg of the Brown Lemur (Lemur Fulvus)

1987 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 341-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. ANAPOL ◽  
W. L. JUNGERS
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Strain ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Elastic Strain Energy ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Vastus Intermedius ◽  
Locomotory Behaviour

Quantitative telemetered electromyography from the four heads of the quadriceps femoris (vastus medialis, rectus femoris, vastus intermedius and vastus lateralis) during normal postures and locomotion (quadrupedal resting, walk/run, gallop and leaping) is presented for the brown lemur, Lemur fulvus. The vastus intermedius is the sole contributor to muscle recruitment during quadrupedal resting postures. It exhibits consistently high levels of electrical activity during all locomotory behaviour. The vastus medialis is recruited least among these muscles during walk/run and tends to be ‘saved’ for galloping and leaping. The rectus femoris and vastus lateralis are recruited at similarly high levels during all phasic activities. The rectus femoris appears to be used eccentrically, storing ‘elastic strain energy’ during all phasic activities. The vastus lateralis combines exceptionally high potential effective force with relatively high potential velocity and resistance to fatigue and probably develops the majority of force in all phasic activities. These results support previously documented structural and histochemical data that imply a functional division of labour among these muscle synergists.

The Effect of Vastus Medialis Forces on Patello-femoral Contact: A Model-based Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 758-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasin Y. Dhaher ◽  
Leonard E. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Contact Force ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Simulation Data ◽  
Lateral Contact ◽  
Vastus Intermedius ◽  
The Impact

A mathematical model of the patello-femoral joint was introduced to investigate the impact of the vastus medialis (longus, obliquus) forces on the lateral contact force levels. In the model, the quadriceps were represented as five separate forces: vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, rectus femoris, vastus medialis longus (VML), and obliquus (VMO). By varying the relative force generation ratios of the quadriceps heads, the patello-femoral contact forces were estimated. We sought to analytically determine the range of forces in the VMO and VML that cause a reduction or an increase of lateral contact forces, often the cause of patello-femoral pain. Our results indicated that increased contact forces are more dependent on combinations of muscle forces than solely VMO weakness. Moreover, our simulation data showed that the contact force levels are also highly dependent on the knee flexion angle. These findings suggest that training targeted to reduce contact forces through certain joint angles could actually result in a significant increase of the contact forces through other joint angles.

scholarly journals Resistance Training does not Induce Uniform Adaptations to Quadriceps Muscles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald T. Mangine ◽  
Michael J. Redd ◽  
Adam M. Gonzalez ◽  
Jeremy R. Townsend ◽  
Adam J Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Resistance Training Program

AbstractResistance training may differentially affect morphological adaptations along the length of uni-articular and bi-articular muscles. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in muscle morphology along the length of the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) in response to resistance training. Following a 2-wk preparatory phase, 15 resistance-trained men (24.0 ± 3.0 y, 90.0 ± 13.8 kg, 174.9 ± 20.7 cm) completed pre-training (PRE) assessments of muscle thickness (MT), pennation angle (PA), cross-sectional area (CSA), and echo-intensity in the RF and VL at 30, 50, and 70% of each muscle’s length; fascicle length (FL) was estimated from respective measurements of MT and PA within each muscle and region. Participants then began a high intensity, low volume (4 × 3 − 5 repetitions, 3min rest) lower-body resistance training program, and repeated all PRE-assessments after 8 weeks (2 d · wk−1) of training (POST). Although three-way (muscle [RF, VL] × region [30, 50, 70%] × time [PRE, POST]) repeated measures analysis of variance did not reveal significant interactions for any assessment of morphology, significant simple (muscle × time) effects were observed for CSA (p = 0.002) and FL (p = 0.016). Specifically, average CSA changes favored the VL (2.96 ± 0.69 cm2, pp < 0.001) over the RF (0.59 ± 0.20 cm2, p = 0.011), while significant decreases in average FL were noted for the RF (–1.03 ± 0.30 cm, p = 0.004) but not the VL (–0.05 ± 0.36 cm, p = 0.901). No other significant differences were observed. The findings of this study demonstrate the occurrence of non-homogenous adaptations in RF and VL muscle size and architecture following 8 weeks of high-intensity resistance training in resistance-trained men. However, training does not appear to influence region-specific adaptations in either muscle.

scholarly journals MR imaging of the quadriceps femoris tendon: distal tear characterization and clinical significance of rupture types

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna L. Falkowski ◽  
Jon A. Jacobson ◽  
Michael T. Hirschmann ◽  
Vivek Kalia
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Quadriceps Tendon ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Vastus Medialis ◽  
Bony Avulsion ◽  
Tendon Tears ◽  
Reader Reliability

Abstract Objective To characterize quadriceps femoris tendon tears on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging regarding tear extent, location, and presence of bony avulsion. Materials and methods IRB approval was obtained and informed consent was waived for this retrospective case series. Electronic medical records from all patients in our hospital system were searched for keywords: knee MR imaging, and quadriceps tendon rupture or tear. MRI studies were randomized and independently evaluated by two fellowship-trained musculoskeletal radiologists. MR imaging was used to characterize each individual quadriceps tendon as having tendinosis, tear (location, partial versus complete, size, and retraction distance), and bony avulsion. Knee radiographs were reviewed for presence or absence of bony avulsion. Descriptive statistics and inter-reader reliability (Cohen’s Kappa and Wilcoxon-signed-rank test) were calculated. Results Fifty-two patients with 53 quadriceps tears were evaluated (45 males, 7 females; mean age: 51 ± 13 years). The vastus intermedius (VI) tendon more often incurred a partial rather than a complete tear (39.6% vs. 37.7%), while the rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), and vastus lateralis (VL) incurred complete tears more commonly (64.2–66%). Subjects with bony avulsion on radiographs had higher-grade tears of the RF, VM, and VL tears (p = 0.020–0.043) but not the VI. Most tendons tore at or immediately proximal to the patella (84.8–93.6%). Gaps in retracted torn tendons measured between 2.3 and 2.7 cm. Inter-reader reliability was substantial to almost perfect (κ = 0.624–0.953). Conclusion Quadriceps femoris tendon tears most commonly involve the RF or VL/VM layers usually in proximity to the patella. A bony avulsion correlates with a more extensive tear. Key Points • Quadriceps femoris tendon tears most commonly involve the rectus femoris or vastus lateralis/vastus medialis layers. • A rupture of the quadriceps femoris tendon usually occurs in proximity to the patella. • A bony avulsion of the patella correlates with a more extensive tear of the superficial and middle layers of the quadriceps tendon.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document