Between two worlds. Social networks, language shift, and language processing in three generations of Dutch migrants in New Zealand

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 (153) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Hulsen ◽  
Kees de Bot ◽  
Bert Weltens
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Three Generations

Taalbehoud en Taalverschuiving

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Hulsen
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Language Maintenance ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Language Loss ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Dutch Language ◽  
High Level

The results are presented of a study in which sociolinguistic language use patterns and structural characteristics of the language of three generations of Dutch immigrants to New Zealand were investigated. Language maintenance is defined as the maintenance of the L1 at one or more levels of language use, while language shift can be defined as the change in language use by an individual or a group of speakers. In a sociolinguistic questionnaire, the subjects had to report on their use of the Dutch language in domains inside and outside the home. An oral interview was conducted to establish the amount of structural language loss. The results were found to support the hypothesis based on earlier work (e.g. De Bot & Clyne, 1994; Folmer, 1991) that predicted a high level of intra- and intergenerational language shift. Structural-linguistic language loss was found to be limited, which is also in line with other findings.

scholarly journals Language maintenance and shift under pressure: Three generations of the Turkish immigrant community in the Netherlands

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (242) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeşim Sevinç
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Language Maintenance ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Immigrant Community ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Turkish Immigrant ◽  
Language Maintenance And Shift ◽  
Turkish Language

AbstractDrawing on questionnaire and interview data, this study explores the process of language maintenance and shift across three generations of Turkish immigrants in the Netherlands. It compares three generations of Turkish-Dutch bilinguals by examining age and place of language learning, self-rated language proficiency, and language choices in six domains (home, school, work, friends, media and leisure time activities, and cognitive activities). Furthermore, it investigates bilinguals’ experiences, motivations for learning languages and attitudes towards bilingualism. Findings suggest that following the typical pattern of language shift described by Mario Saltarelli and Susan Gonzo in 1977, language history, self-rated language proficiency and current language practices of third-generation children differ from those of first- and second-generation bilinguals. Consequently, possible language shift among third-generation bilinguals causes socioemotional pressure about maintaining the Turkish language, triggering intergenerational tensions in Turkish immigrant families. At the same time, the perceived need to shift to Dutch for social and economic reasons causes immigrant children to experience tensions and ambiguities in the linguistic connections between the family and other social domains (e. g. school, friendship). The findings evidence that the Turkish immigrant community in the Netherlands may no longer be as linguistically homogeneous as once observed. The dissolution of homogeneity can be a sign of social change in which maintaining the Turkish language has become a challenge, whereas speaking Dutch is a necessity of life in the Netherlands.

Mining of Medical Trends Using Social Networks

2016 ◽  
pp. 164-182
Author(s):  
Shruti Kohli ◽  
Sonia Saini
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Public Health Information ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Post Marketing ◽  
The Media

Recent work in machine learning and natural language processing has studied the content of health related information in tweets and demonstrated the potential for extracting useful public health information from their aggregation. Social intelligence derived from health content has become of significant importance for various applications, including post-marketing drug surveillance, competitive intelligence, medicine reviews and to assess health-related opinions and sentiments. Further, the quantity of medical information in the media such as tweets on Twitter, Facebook or medical blogs is growing at an exponential rate. Medical data such as health records, drug data, etc. has become major candidates for Big Data analysis and thus exploring this content has become a necessity for organizations. However, the volume, velocity, variety, and quality of online health information present challenges, necessitating enhanced facilitation mechanisms for medical social computing. The objective of this chapter is to discuss the possibility of mining medical trends using Social Networks.

Multidimensional, complex and contingent: Exploring international PhD students’ social mobility

Ethnicities ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 146879682096670
Author(s):  
Rituparna Roy ◽  
Shinya Uekusa ◽  
Jeevan Karki
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Multidimensional Complex ◽  
Downward Social Mobility

This paper is a collaborative autoethnography (CAE) by three international PhD students from Bangladesh, Japan and Nepal who pursued (or who are currently pursuing) their studies in New Zealand. In contrast to previous research which largely advanced a simplistic, downward social mobility experience of international PhD students or highly skilled migrants in general, we argue that this experience is dynamic, complex and multidimensional in nature. In doing so, we turn to Bourdieu’s theory of capital. By focusing on less-direct economic resources (e.g. ethnicity, nationality, language and social networks), we explore the multidimensionality and convolution of our social mobility which stems from migration. Setting aside a narrative of adversity and downward social mobility among international PhD students, this paper emphasizes how we actively negotiated and dealt with shifting class identity and social mobility in the host countries.

Canadian heritage German across three generations: A diary-based study of language shift in action

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Stolberg
Keyword(s):  
Heritage Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Language Choice ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Heritage Speakers ◽  
Language System ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractIt is well known that migration has an effect on language use and language choice. If the language of origin is maintained after migration, it tends to change in the new contact setting. Often, migrants shift to the new majority language within few generations. The current paper examines a diary corpus containing data from three generations of one German-Canadian family, ranging from 1867 to 1909, and covering the second to fourth generation after immigration. The paper analyzes changes that can be observed between the generations, with respect to the language system as well as to the individuals’ decision on language choice. The data not only offer insight into the dynamics of acquiring a written register of a heritage language, and the eventual shift to the majority language. They also allow us to identify different linguistic profiles of heritage speakers within one community. It is discussed how these profiles can be linked to the individuals’ family backgrounds and how the combination of these backgrounds may have contributed to giving up the heritage language in favor of the majority language.

scholarly journals Livonian social networks and language shift

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-107
Author(s):  
Patrick O’Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Network Centrality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Network Centrality ◽  
Network Strength ◽  
In The Beginning

This article presents a study of Livonian social networks in the beginning of the 20th century during a time of language shift. In this study, I examine whether the Livonian communities were experiencing a language shift irrespective of the population displacements during the two World Wars, which has often been given as the main reason for the Livonian language shift to Latvian. I apply the Network Strength Scale to examine if social network centrality played a role in the language shift. The study focuses on the Livonian villages of Vaid and Sīkrõg and social factors relevant to the mapping of the social network are taken from Edgar Vaalgamaa’s survey in 1935–1937. The results indicate that generational differences played a more important role than centrality in the social network in determining Latvian influence.Kokkuvõte. Patrick O’Rourke: Liivi keele sotsiaalsed võrgustikud ja keele vahetus. Artikkel tutvustab uurimust Kuramaa liivlaste sotsiaalsetest võrgustikest 20. sajandi esimesel poolel, kui keelevahetus liivi keelelt läti keelele oli juba alanud. Autor vaatleb, kuivõrd liivi kogukondades sõltus keelevahetus kahe maailmasõja aegsest elanikkonna deporteerimisest, mida on tavaliselt peetud keelevahetuse põhjuseks. Rakendatakse suhtlusvõrgustike tugevuse analüüsi, et selgitada, kas isiku keskne asend sotsiaalses võrgustikus oli keelevahetuse jaoks oluline. Uurimus keskendub liivi küladele Vaid ja Sīkrõg. Sotsiaalsete võrgustike kaardistamiseks on valitud olulised tegurid Edgar Vaalgamaa poolt aastatel 1935–1937 läbi viidud küsitluse põhjal. Tulemused näitavad, et läti keele mõju ulatus sõltub rohkem põlvkondlikest erinevustest kui isiku asendist sotsiaalses võrgustikus. Artikkel põhineb autori magistritööl, mis on kaitstud 2016. aastal Yorki Ülikoolis.Märksõnad: ajalooline lingvistika, sotsiolingvistika, sotsiaalsed võrgustikud, keelevahetus, liivi keelKubbõvõttõks. Patrick O’Rourke: Līvõ kīel sotsiālizt võrgõd ja kīel vaidimi. Kēra tuņšlõb Kurāmō līvõd sotsiāliži võrgidi 20. āigastsadā ežmizõs pūolsõ, ku vȯļ irgõn līvõ kīel vaidimi lețkīelkõks. Kēratiji vaņțlõb, kui ulzõ ajjimi kōd mōilmasuodā āigal mȯjīz kīel vaidimiz līvõd kubgõņis. Sīe pierāst um kõlbātõd rovst võrgõd viššit analīz. Analīz abkõks um seļțõd, või se, ku rištīngõn um vȯnd sidāmi kūož sotsiālizt võrgõd sizāl, um vȯnd ka tǟdzi kīel vaidimiz āigal. Tuņšlimizõs amā jemīņ ātõ vaņțõltõd līvõd kilād Vaid ja Sīkrõg. Sotsiālizt võrgõd tǟtimiz pierāst um kȭlbatõd Edgar Vālgamō 1935.–1937. āigast tīedõd rovkizzimi. Tuņšlimi nägțõb, ku lețkīel mȯjjimi jemīņ um sidtõd sugkazāmõks, äbku rištīng kūožõks sotsiālizt võrgõd sizāl. Kēra alīzõks um kēratijiz magistõrtīe, mis um kaitstõd 2016. āigasts York Iļīzskūols.

Turoyo Neo-Aramaic in northern New Jersey

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (237) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Michelle Weaver ◽  
George A. Kiraz
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Sunday School ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
The Us ◽  
The One ◽  
Syriac Orthodox

AbstractTuroyo, an endangered Neo-Aramaic language that originated in the area of Tur Abdin in southeastern Turkey and had not been written prior to this century, is spoken today by around 50,000 people scattered worldwide. Spurred on by persecution, Turoyo-speaking immigrants began to arrive in the US as early as the late 1890s. We focus our study on a northern New Jersey community in which Turoyo is spoken. This tight-knit community, whose religious and social center is the Mor Gabriel Syriac Orthodox Church, is made up of around 200 families. The community is working hard to pass the language on to their children through speaking Turoyo in the home and in church, and also through programs including a specially created Sunday school curriculum, a weekly Aramaic school, and a summer day camp. However, despite the community’s best efforts, language shift is taking place. We use a sociolinguistic approach involving sociolinguistic methods and interviews to show that family, social networks, and religion influence who is most likely to be a proficient speaker of Turoyo in this community, but that identity is the one sociolinguistic variable that can best account for the variety of cases in which language shift is taking place.

A robust gender inference model for online social networks and its application to LinkedIn and Twitter

First Monday ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Kokkos ◽  
Theodoros Tzouramanis
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Social Web ◽  
Inference Model ◽  
Written Text ◽  
The Social ◽  
Automated Inference ◽  
Identification Technique ◽  
Dot Com

Online social networking services have come to dominate the dot com world: Countless online communities coexist on the social Web. Some typically characteristic user attributes, such as gender, age group, sexual orientation, are not automatically part of the profile information. In some cases user attributes can even be deliberately and maliciously falsified. This paper examines automated inference of gender on online social networks by analyzing written text with a combination of natural language processing and classification techniques. Extensive experimentation on LinkedIn and Twitter has yielded accuracy of this gender identification technique of up to 98.4 percent.

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