scholarly journals Tracking the Rise of Robots: The IFR Database

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Jurkat ◽  
Rainer Klump ◽  
Florian Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Industry Classification ◽  
International Distribution

Abstract We present and analyze the dataset on the international distribution of industrial robots by country, industry, and application provided by the International Federation of Robotics (IFR) since 1993. After describing the IFR we point out specificities and limitations of its dataset. We explain the process of data collection, develop a correspondence table between the IFR industry classification and the ISIC rev. 4 industry classification, and clarify the applied compliance rules. We further compute average implicit depreciation rates inherent to the robot stocks in the IFR dataset in the range of 4–7% per year between 1993 and 2019. We also find that the share of industrial robots that are not classified to any industry or application has sharply declined since 2005.

scholarly journals Corporate Manslaughter by Industrial Robots at Work: Who Should Go on Trial under the Principles of Common Law Australia?

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Solaiman
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Corporate Manslaughter

Industrial robots have been increasingly used for decades and the International Federation of Robotics predicts that 1.3 million more of such humanoids will be installed in factories across the globe between 2015 and 2018. While robots are deemed beneficial for industrial production, they pose a serious threat to our health and safety. Meanwhile, robots have killed many people and gravely injured numerous others in different countries. Policymakers around the world remain largely unmoved about resolving the uncertainty over the specificity of which persons should go on trial for such killings. This article examines the principles of common law governing manslaughter by criminal negligence with particular reference to Australia; however, it will generally apply to other common law countries as well. It finds that while it would be theoretically possible to identify the potential accused of workplace deaths caused by robots, we consider that the common law identification doctrine in practice will be a bar to successful prosecutions against corporate employers given the specific complexities associated with the usage of industrial robots. This article therefore submits a recommendation with justifications for dealing with this serious offence by enacting appropriate manslaughter law for the effective regulation of robots provoked fatalities. 

Fragmented policy may hamper robot advance in China

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Federation ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
To Come ◽  
Local Companies

Subject Industrial robots in China. Significance China bought more robots than any other country last year, and by 2017 is likely to have the world's largest number in operation. The International Federation of Robotics estimates that China's population of industrial robots -- defined as machines that can be programmed to perform more than one operation -- will double from 200,000 at the end of 2014 to more than 400,000 in 2017. However, the country's robot density is still low by international standards, with just 14 robots per 10,000 employees by 2013 data, far behind South Korea's 437, Japan's 323 and Germany's 282. Impacts China will be the world's largest export market for industrial robots. Large multinationals that dominate the Chinese market will face challenges from government policies to give local companies a larger slice. Market share of Chinese robot manufacturers will increase, but many will still rely on imported parts and software. China will lag behind global high-tech manufacturing hubs in terms of robot density for years to come.

scholarly journals The Impact of Intelligent Manufacturing on Export Sophistication: Evidence from Industrial Robots

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Lihua Gu
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Intelligent Manufacturing ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Proxy Variables ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

We analyze the relationship between intelligent manufacturing and export sophistication from the perspective of industrial robots. We use industrial robot panel data from International Federation of Robotics in 70 countries from 1995 to 2016. Our empirical research shows that if a country increases 1% of industrial robots in production process, export sophistication will increase 0.0036%. The result is very robust when we use two kind of proxy variables. And we also find that financial crisis depresses the effect of industrial robots on export sophistication. Our estimates suggest that intelligent manufacturing is a way to realize export upgrading in the background of a new industrial revolution. Countries without producing any industrial robots can import some robots from other countries to increase export sophistication.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL METHOD FOR VERIFICATION OF PERFORMANCE CRITERIA OF THE INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Peter Marcinko ◽  
◽  
Juraj Koščák ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Laser Interference ◽  
Target Setting ◽  
Measuring Devices

Urgency of the research. The interest in this issue is growing. By creating a suitable solution, it is possible to detect damage to the robot. Based on the 9283 standard, a methodology was proposed, according to which it is possible to experi-mentally measure the working characteristics of industrial robots. Target setting. The main goal was to design a methodology on the basis of which methodological sheets could be devel-oped and to develop and evaluate experimental measurements with the help of these sheets. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Analysis of thepublications shows that at present the data acquisition systems about the working characteristics of industrial robots are currently very expensive. These systems use laser interference method.Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. This paper is focused on the analysis of a suitable method and the creation of measuring devices for experimental measurements. The research objective. The aim of this research was to create a methodology for measuring quantities. Creation of suitable means and subsequent evaluation of measured values. Data collection using Matlab software should be improved in the future. The statement of basic materials. The analysis consists of the ISO 9283 standard. After a thorough analysis, methodo-logical sheets and measuring devices such as measuring nest were created.Conclusions. Since there is a robot in the department with positioning inaccuracies, it was decided to try to create a suitable tool that would be able to analyse this robot in more detail and obtain data on working characteristics

Reports and Surveys

Robotica ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-598
Author(s):  
B. H. Rudall
Keyword(s):  
International Federation ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
United Nations Economic Commission ◽  
Economic Commission ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Joint Report

The statistics provided by the United Nations Economic Commission (ECE) and the International Federation of Robotics (IFR) supply us with an up-to-date insight into the world robot market. This joint report tells us a great deal about the technological evolution of industrial robots since their introduction at the end of the 1960s. We know that real prices have declined, and the performance of robots is continuously improving. Robots are now in use in a wide range of applications in countries worldwide.

Introduction to the special issue on Design and Applications in Robotics

Robotica ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
K.B. Lim
Keyword(s):  
International Symposium ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The World

It is, indeed, a pleasure to edit this special issue of Robotica entitled Design and Applications. This consists of revised and updated papers presented during the 26th International Symposium on Industrial Robots (ISIR), which was held on 4–6 October, 1995, in Singapore. The theme of the symposium was “Competitive Automation: New Frontiers, New Opportunities”. Ninety-six papers were presented by authors from twenty-five countries around the world. Three keynote presentations were made by Dr. Joseph Engelberger, best known as the ‘Father of Industrial Robots', Prof. Yukio Hasegawa, a world renowned professor from Japan and Mr. Walter Reis, from Germany (then the Chairman of the International Federation of Robotics).

Electron Diffraction of Wet Biological Membranes

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 158-159
Author(s):  
S.W. Hui ◽  
D.F. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Biological Membranes ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Electron Diffraction Technique ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Collection Time ◽  
Camera Length

The development of the hydration stages for electron microscopes has opened up the application of electron diffraction in the study of biological membranes. Membrane specimen can now be observed without the artifacts introduced during drying, fixation and staining. The advantages of the electron diffraction technique, such as the abilities to observe small areas and thin specimens, to image and to screen impurities, to vary the camera length, and to reduce data collection time are fully utilized. Here we report our pioneering work in this area.

Introduction to Cell Membranes at Molecular Resolution

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-502
Author(s):  
R.J. Barrnett
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membranes ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Cellular Membranes ◽  
Short History ◽  
Biological Organization ◽  
Macromolecular Assemblies ◽  
The Past

This subject, is like observing the panorama of a mountain range, magnificent towering peaks, but it doesn't take much duration of observation to recognize that they are still in the process of formation. The mountains consist of approaches, materials and methods and the rocky substance of information has accumulated to such a degree that I find myself concentrating on the foothills in the foreground in order to keep up with the advance; the edifices behind form a wonderous, substantive background. It's a short history for such an accumulation and much of it has been moved by the members of the societies that make up this International Federation. My panel of speakers are here to provide what we hope is an interesting scientific fare, based on the fact that there is a continuum of biological organization from biochemical molecules through macromolecular assemblies and cellular membranes to the cell itself. Indeed, this fact explains the whole range of towering peaks that have emerged progressively during the past 25 years.

Automated electron tomography: from data collection to image processing

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Weiping Liu ◽  
Jennifer Fung ◽  
W.J. de Ruijter ◽  
Hans Chen ◽  
John W. Sedat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Electron Tomography ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Automated Data Collection ◽  
Full Control ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Amorphous Structures

Electron tomography is a technique where many projections of an object are collected from the transmission electron microscope (TEM), and are then used to reconstruct the object in its entirety, allowing internal structure to be viewed. As vital as is the 3-D structural information and with no other 3-D imaging technique to compete in its resolution range, electron tomography of amorphous structures has been exercised only sporadically over the last ten years. Its general lack of popularity can be attributed to the tediousness of the entire process starting from the data collection, image processing for reconstruction, and extending to the 3-D image analysis. We have been investing effort to automate all aspects of electron tomography. Our systems of data collection and tomographic image processing will be briefly described.To date, we have developed a second generation automated data collection system based on an SGI workstation (Fig. 1) (The previous version used a micro VAX). The computer takes full control of the microscope operations with its graphical menu driven environment. This is made possible by the direct digital recording of images using the CCD camera.

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