scholarly journals Characteristics of Slovak Culture in the Context of Bilateral Austrian-Slovak Relations

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-101
Author(s):  
Michaela Čiefová
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Intercultural Encounters ◽  
The One

Abstract Objective: The main intention of the present paper is, on the one hand, to provide a summary of the characteristics of Slovak culture by applying chosen theories and models. On the other hand, we attempt to underline the significance of bilateral Austro-Slovak relations in relation to the economy or migration tendencies. We assume that, based on geographical proximity and the above stated bilateral relations, intercultural encounters are relatively frequent as well. Therefore, certain perception of Slovaks from the Austrian point of view is likely to exist. Methodology: Our work is based on relevant scientific sources, as well as on our own empirical research reposing in the analysis of an online questionnaire. Findings: Overall, findings of our empirical research may be considered rather positive, as no negative or hostile responses concerning Slovak culture were reported. Furthermore, none of the participants experienced a conflict with a Slovak counterpart that could clearly be ascribed to cultural differences. Value Added: We believe that the conclusions presented in this paper might be helpful not only for managers operating on the international level or businessmen intending to do business with their Slovak partners, for scholars engaged in similar topics but also for anyone interested in intercultural communication and cultural differences.

scholarly journals Ethnic Stereotypes in Intercultural Communication: Psychological and Semantic Aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-989
Author(s):  
Alexey L. Novikov ◽  
Irina A. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ethnic Stereotypes ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One

Currently, ethnic stereotypes are considered as phenomena that mediate the processes of intercultural perception, dialogue and interaction. This fact determines the relevance of it comprehensive interdisciplinary study by different sciences (sociology, political science, psychology, linguistics, etc.). In this article, ethnic stereotypes are analyzed, firstly, at the psychological level (types, functions, structure), and secondly, at the psycholinguistic and psychosemantic levels (from the point of view of the rationale for it diagnosis with using the semantic differential). The possibilities of the semantic differential for studying the content, consistency, direction and intensity of social stereotypes in general, as well as the method modifications for diagnosis ethnic stereotypes, are examined. The heuristic potential of semantic differential for diagnosing ethnic stereotypes as phenomena, on the one hand, reflecting various aspects of intercultural perception and dialogue, and, on the other hand, directly affecting the intercultural interaction, is shown on the example of empirical studies on ethnic stereotypes in the intercultural communication context. The results of ethnic stereotypes studies are of high practical importance for the development of programs for increase intercultural competence, which are in demand in various areas of modern society in the face of e globalization and the growth of intercultural contacts (education, business, tourism, etc.).

scholarly journals Neuere Literatur zur Methodenlehre der empirischen Sozialforschung / New literature on the methodology of empirical social research

1974 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achim Schrader
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Empirical Social Research ◽  
Empirical Research Methods ◽  
The One ◽  
New Literature ◽  
Classroom Use

AbstractThis review discusses a number of recent publications in the methodology of empirical social research. With one exception, all publications reviewed are in German and the point of view governing their evaluation is their significance for the teaching of sociology. By this we are referring to, on the one hand, their suitability for integrating instruction in empirical research methods into sociological curricula generally and, on the other side, to the question if the measure of consideration given in them to techniques of learning is sufficient to make them commentable for classroom use.

America Takes Over Vietnam: The French View

Itinerario ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Hugues Tertrais
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
American Imperialism ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Core Issue ◽  
The One ◽  
French Communist Party

The analysis of the French view on the American first commitment in Vietnam depends on the point of view from which the study is made. The bilateral relations background has created different sensitivities on this issue. On the one hand, the United States was an ally of the French government, even if an ambiguous one; on the other hand, a large part of the French opinion, headed by the French communist party, was very suspicious of ‘American imperialism’, in Southeast Asia as well as in Europe. This paper will focus on the official government position, as it emerges from the French archives, especially the financial archives. Indeed, a core issue in this conflict was a financial one.

scholarly journals Transsexualism: Clinical picture and treatment of transsexualism

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
G. I. Kozlov ◽  
S. Yu. Kalinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pathological State ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
The One ◽  
First Descriptions

The first descriptions of the pathological desire to change your gender date back to the middle of the last century. This pathology was designated by N. Ellis as a perverse sensation of ones sex, a sexual-aesthetic inversion. The term "transsexualism" was proposed by N. Benjamin, who was the first to describe this phenomenon from a scientific point of view. Transsexualism - TS (eonism, sexual-aesthetic inversion, mental hermaphroditism) is a pathological state of a person, consisting in a polar divergence of the biological and civil sex, on the one hand, with the mental sex, on the other. In other words, Tc is a violation of sexual self-identification, which consists in the mismatch of the feeling of one's gender identity with the nature of the external genital organs. TS - persistent awareness of belonging to the opposite sex. The diagnosis of TS is made by adults and adolescents who have reached puberty, who wish to change their genitals and live as a representative of the other sex, after the exclusion of mental disorders. A person with TS feels like a man enclosed in a womans body, and vice versa. In a harmoniously organized body of a certain gender (the chromosomal, gonadal and morphological sex correspond to each other, providing the possibility of fertilization, and in women and childbearing) there lives an another gender soul. And this soul not only lives, it feels, thinks, suffers, experiences desires and drives that it cannot realize. In fact, we are talking about chronic stress, therefore, in most patients with TS, suicidal behavior can be detected. TS is a rather rare pathology. There is no data on vehicle prevalence in our country. When studying the prevalence of TS in other countries, it was noted that TS is found in many, if not all, ethnic groups, despite significant cultural differences, which can serve as indirect evidence of the biological basis of this pathology. The average age of patients with TS who go to the doctor about sex change is 20-24 years (51% of patients). This is typical for both female and male vehicles. At the age of 15-19 years, this percentage is 12, at the age of 25-29 years - 25, at the age of 30-34 years - 11, over 35 years old - no more than 1. According to the majority of authors, male TS significantly prevails over female - the ratio 3: 1.

Clusters on the road to internationalization – evidence from a CEE economy

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Jankowska ◽  
Cezary Główka
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Road ◽  
Firm Internationalization ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The One ◽  
Polish Government

Purpose This paper aims to respond to the call for empirical research on cluster internationalization to learn more about the mechanism of cluster internationalization and the intensity of this process in a Polish context, which is specific due to Poland. Design/methodology/approach The authors provide a conceptual model of cluster internationalization and show results of their own primary, empirical and quantitative research on cluster internationalization in Poland. Findings The study reveals that Polish clusters are at the beginning of the internationalization process, particularly of the outward internationalization. The most popular mode of internationalization is exports. The level of Polish cluster internationalization operations is relatively low. Research limitations/implications Data were provided by cluster managers, but none of the cluster organizations had a reliable monitoring system for the international involvement of cluster members. These results are merely a snapshot; therefore, a longitudinal study should also be carried out. Social implications The research demonstrates that cluster companies can take advantage of internationalization operations performed by cluster organizations. The attempts of Polish government should be directed to push the internationalization of micros and small and medium-sized enterprises via cluster initiatives on the one hand and on the other hand to develop some kind of incentives for large companies to participate in cluster organizations as in reality exports are dominated by large firms. Originality/value The main value added of this paper consists in developing the conceptual model of cluster internationalization and applying the model in empirical research on the internationalization of Polish clusters. The study bridges the theory of firm internationalization, especially the approaches to firm internationalization with the theory of clusters. It offers insight into internationalization of clusters in Poland.

scholarly journals Intercultural Communication in Confessional Legal Relations (Common and Particular in Russia and Japan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 158-171
Author(s):  
S. Takahashi ◽  
E. I. Arinin ◽  
I. V. Pogodina
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Autopoietic Systems ◽  
The One ◽  
New Research

The study of particularities of regional cross-country images of confession and intercultural communication as well as the semantic image surrounding these concepts is vital in today’s social life. The article analyzes denotations and connotations of the terms confession and intercultural communication in the Russian and Japanese sociocultural contexts from the point of view of a new research discourse — glocal religious studies with the focus on vernacular specifics of religiosity in Russia and Japan. The case study methodology includes description and analysis of how various views on certain aspects of religiosity correlate. It makes possible to adjust the theoretical understanding of the problem and weigh it against the variety of real-life communicational practices. The article investigates the complexity and dramatism of communication between members of the ingroup and others. The study bases on the materials from the history, media and academic discourses where in the internal and external of particular communities in the given historic circumstances may not only vary significantly, but also be intentionally marked to divide one from the other. Sometimes this demarcation takes a form of stigmatization that label one’s perspective as not-true or lawless. The paper describes two major types of culture: the first one (ethnocentrism in terms suggested by M. Bennet) derives from the idea that other’s statements are sealed and cannot be translated thus must be destroyed. The second type — ethnorelativism — comes from the idea of affinity and openness. It is presumed that taking one a different perspective and accepting diversity is empowering and gives start to an intercultural dialogue. Common and particular are the two basic viewpoints on any identity, when both positive and negative promotes understanding. The phenomenon of unity as similarity of indistinguishable (like grains of sand) on the one hand, and systemic unity of the different (like people) on the other hand, are considered within the framework of distancing extralinguistic social facts from the term that stand for them. The latter shown as special imaginary unities and descriptions of autopoietic systems.

scholarly journals Enabling factors for the competitiveness of the Portuguese automotive industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Luis Fonseca ◽  
Jorge Fernandes ◽  
Sandra Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
External Context ◽  
Supplier Networks

Abstract The Portuguese automotive industry is a relevant activity sector for the Portuguese society and economy, both in job creation and value-added generation, contributing to the country’s economic development. The automotive is a high challenge industry, with intense competition, a high number of brands, increased number of models and vehicles, tighter regulatory requirements (e.g., emissions), and the need to manage global supplier networks. To succeed in such a highly complex and interconnected industry requires firms to be globally competitive since most of the production of this industry is destined for the rest of the world through export. This research aims to investigate the factors that contribute to value creation and competitiveness of the Portuguese automotive industry. Following the literature review of competitive advantage theories, quantitative research was done through an online questionnaire with Portuguese auto industry firms, to validate the proposed research hypotheses. The statistical analysis of the results, based on the application of descriptive statistics methodologies, principal components analysis, and correlation analysis, allowed to conclude that in this industry sector, the adoption of a strategy of differentiation/focalization and the external context influence value creation. However, it was not possible to conclude if the specific characteristics of the organization influences, or not, the creation of value. From the theoretical point of view, the conclusions demonstrate the relevance of the adoption of a strategy of differentiation and focalization and the external context for the competitiveness of these firms, supporting the assumptions of Porter’s Industry Based Theory and Generic strategies. From the practical point of view, the results highlight the importance of monitoring the external context and investing in research and development, brand image and market expertise, with the aim of enhancing the value creation and competitiveness of the components, tools, and services providers firms of the Portuguese automotive sector.

Intercultural Competences as a Trust Factor in Virtual Team Work

2009 ◽  
pp. 563-569
Author(s):  
Maria Assumpta Aneas
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Virtual Team ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Virtual Teamwork ◽  
Common Purpose ◽  
American Society ◽  
The One

Globalization is increasingly having a visible impact on the importance attached to interculturality in organizations, an impact which is even clearer in the context of virtual teamwork. Virtual teamwork is defined by Simsarian (2006) as a process whereby a group of people with a common purpose carry out interdependent tasks using technology as the key communicational interface. This phenomenon has both positive and negative aspects in that, on the one hand, it can produce a significant increase in the productivity, value added, and profitability associated with the deployment of organizational resources, whilst on the other it can lead to growing uncertainty, tension, and a feeling of failure among team members if they are not adequately prepared and trained. Just one illustration of the costs to organizations of ignoring the growing importance of intercultural communication is offered by Wederspalhn (2002) who highlights the conclusion reached in 2000 by the American Society for Training and Development that “American companies suffer losses of over $2.5 billion annually as a result of the inadequate training and preparation of employees sent overseas.”

Talking about cultural differences in an age of globalization and hybridization: Between Obelix and Stephen Colbert

2021 ◽  
pp. 009182962110357
Author(s):  
Craig Ott
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Hybridization ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

The concept of culture has long been central to mission theory and practice. However, current understandings of culture can easily fall into one of two extremes: on the one hand, essentialist views of culture can easily lead to stereotyping, and on the other hand, extreme postcolonial cultural hybridization theories reject typologies of cultural differences altogether and tend to disregard empirical research on cultural differences. This article describes how to speak of cultural differences, including the use of typologies of cultural differences, without falling into these extremes. Five myths and seven recommendations regarding research and description of cultural differences are put forth.

scholarly journals The Importance of Non-Profit Organization in Globalized World: International Comparison of American and European Continent

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 07008
Author(s):  
Viera Bartosova ◽  
Ivana Podhorska
Keyword(s):  
International Comparison ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Non Profit Organizations ◽  
The One

Research background: In developed countries, we see a significant increase in the importance of non-profit organizations thank to public initiative. The primary objective is to improve the quality of life in society. Cooperation between private, public and non-profit sectors creates synergy effects. The primary problems of non-profit organizations include legislation that does not sufficiently motivate entrepreneurs to support non-profit subjects, but also a shortage of employees and volunteer. Purpose of the article: Despite the fact that, under the conditions of globalization, there is a greater interconnection of the economies of individual countries, also in the area of non-profit sector, there is still exist important differences between the operation and importance of non-profit organization in an American and European continent. Methods: Firstly, theoretical part of the paper provides historical development of non-profit sector based on primary theoretical approaches. Secondly, practical part of the paper describes non-profit sector on American and European continent. In other words, the paper summarises theoretical and empirical knowledge on importance of non-profit sector in various countries around all the world. Paper main aim is the highlighted the importance of non-profit sector under the conditions of globalization with the emphasis on the international comparison of American and European point of view. Findings & Value added: The results show that non-profit sector plays significant role in building national economies. This paper is the one part of the project outputs focused on non-profit sector. In developed countries, we see a significant increase in the importance of non-profit organizations thank to public initiative.

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