Simultaneous analysis of bisphenol A fractions in maternal and fetal compartments in early second trimester of pregnancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 765-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Zbucka-Krętowska ◽  
Urszula Łazarek ◽  
Wojciech Miltyk ◽  
Iwona Sidorkiewicz ◽  
Piotr Pierzyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Permeability Factor ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogenic, endocrine-disrupting compound widely used in the industry. It is also a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. Its presence was confirmed in human fetuses, which results from maternal exposure during pregnancy. The mechanisms behind maternal-fetal transfer, and relationships between pregnant women and fetal exposures remain unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of maternal exposure to BPA on the exposure of the fetus. Methods Maternal plasma and amniotic fluid samples were collected from 52 pregnant women undergoing amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities. BPA was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The permeability factor – a ratio of fetal-to-maternal BPA concentration – was used as a measure delineating the transplacental transfer of BPA. Results The median concentration of maternal plasma BPA was 8 times higher than the total BPA concentration in the amniotic fluid (8.69 ng/mL, range: 4.3 ng/mL–55.3 ng/mL vs. median 1.03 ng/mL, range: 0.3 ng/mL–10.1 ng/mL). There was no direct relationship between the levels of BPA in maternal plasma and amniotic fluid levels. The permeability factor, in turn, negatively correlated with fetal development (birth weight) (R = −0.54, P < 0.001). Conclusion Our results suggest that the risk of fetal BPA exposure depends on placental BPA permeability rather than the levels of maternal BPA plasma concentration and support general recommendations to become aware and avoid BPA-containing products.

Oral administration of fluoride in pregnant women, and the relation between concentration in maternal plasma and in amniotic fluid

1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 991-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Brambilla ◽  
G. Belluomo ◽  
A. Malerba ◽  
M. Buscaglia ◽  
L. Strohmenger
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Plasma

Maternal, Umbilical, Uterine and Amniotic Prostaglandin E and F2α Levels in Labour

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-285
Author(s):  
S. Sahmay ◽  
A. Coke ◽  
N. Hekim ◽  
T. Atasu
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Human Labour ◽  
Prostaglandin F

This paper confirms the important role played by prostaglandins in the induction of uterine contractions and the initiation of human labour, although the exact mechanism of action in labour remains unclear. Seventeen pregnant women at term were studied. Of these nine were in labour and the remainder underwent elective section. Prostaglandin E and F2α levels were measured in maternal, umbilical and uterine plasma and amniotic fluid by radioimmunoassay. Levels of prostaglandin E were generally higher than prostaglandin F2α but they were significantly lower in maternal and uterine plasma. Levels of prostaglandin F2α were significantly higher in maternal plasma during labour. The highest levels of prostaglandin were found in amniotic fluid. Measurements indicate that the decreasing ratio of prostaglandin E/F2α is more important in the initiation of labour than absolute levels of either prostaglandin.

The Effects of Oil Spill Eater II on Oil Degradation

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Yaghoubi ◽  
Ali Haghmoradkhani ◽  
Mohammad Rafiee ◽  
Mahsa Jahangiri-Rad
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chains ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maximum Removal

Background: Hydrocarbon contamination is considered to be a crucial environmental pollutant, which threatens the marine ecosystem and indirectly affects human health. Petrochemical industries are among the major sources of oil release into the environment. Several approaches are used to remove hydrocarbons from contaminated water, including biological, mechanical, and chemical methods. Oil Spill Eater II (OSE II) is an EPA-listed liquid nutrient with enzymes for the removal of hydrocarbons or other organic contaminants, which has also been proposed for the elimination of oil contaminates worldwide. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of OSE II on hydrocarbon degradation from contaminated seawater. Methods: In accordance with the instructions of the manufacturer, a combination of seawater and crude oil of various regions was prepared with a specific proportion. The amount of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) before the addition of OSE II and after the treatment with OSE II was analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The maximum removal rate of TPH from seawater was within the range of 59-75.5% after the OSE II treatment and 7-15 days of aeration. In addition, GC-MS indicated that the initial sharp peaks declined substantially due to the impact of OSE II on the destruction of hydrocarbon chains. Conclusions: According to the results, OSE II exhibited a high potential for the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons.

scholarly journals Maternal Plasma and Amniotic Fluid Chemokines Screening in Fetal Down Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Laudanski ◽  
Monika Zbucka-Kretowska ◽  
Karol Charkiewicz ◽  
Slawomir Wolczynski ◽  
Daniela Wojcik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Protein Macroarray

Objective. Chemokines exert different inflammatory responses which can potentially be related to certain fetal chromosomal abnormalities. The aim of the study was to determine the concentration of selected chemokines in plasma and amniotic fluid of women with fetal Down syndrome.Method. Out of 171 amniocentesis, we had 7 patients with confirmed fetal Down syndrome (15th–18th weeks of gestation). For the purpose of our control, we chose 14 women without confirmed chromosomal aberration. To assess the concentration of chemokines in the blood plasma and amniotic fluid, we used a protein macroarray, which allows the simultaneous determination of 40 chemokines per sample.Results. We showed significant decrease in the concentration of 4 chemokines, HCC-4, IL-28A, IL-31, and MCP-2, and increase in the concentration of CXCL7 (NAP-2) in plasma of women with fetal Down syndrome. Furthermore, we showed decrease in concentration of 3 chemokines, ITAC, MCP-3, MIF, and increase in concentration of 4 chemokines, IP-10, MPIF-1, CXCL7, and 6Ckine, in amniotic fluid of women with fetal Down syndrome.Conclusion. On the basis of our findings, our hypothesis is that the chemokines may play role in the pathogenesis of Down syndrome. Defining their potential as biochemical markers of Down syndrome requires further investigation on larger group of patients.

scholarly journals Pregnancy Outcome, Antibodies and Placental Pathology in SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Early Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5709
Author(s):  
Won-Kyu Jang ◽  
Su-Yeon Lee ◽  
Sunggyun Park ◽  
Nam Hee Ryoo ◽  
Ilseon Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Placental Pathology ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

There are reports that pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 not only have increased morbidity but also increased complications and evidence of maternal and fetal vascular malperfusion on placental pathology. This was a retrospective study of pregnant women diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection after March 2020. The results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction testing and IgM and IgG antibody testing of the amniotic fluid, cord blood, placenta, and maternal blood were confirmed at delivery. Placentas were evaluated histopathologically. The study included seven pregnant women diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy at a mean gestational age of 14.5 weeks. Out of the seven women, five were infected during the first trimester. The mean gestational age at delivery was 38.4 weeks. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results for maternal plasma, cord blood, placenta, and amniotic fluid were negative and IgG antibodies were detected in maternal plasma and cord blood. On placental pathology, maternal vascular malperfusion was found in only one case, fetal vascular malperfusion in four cases, and inflammatory changes were found in two cases. Pregnancy outcomes for women diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection during early pregnancy are positive and it is likely that maternal antibodies are passed to the fetus, which results in a period of immunity.

scholarly journals Frequency of Prenatal Diagnosis of Chromosomal Abnormalities in Amniotic Fluid of Pregnant Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
F. Behjati ◽  
◽  
E. Bagherizadeh ◽  
A. Abdi ◽  
E. Ghadami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities

scholarly journals Effect of Prenatal Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposure on Birth Outcomes: The Polish Mother and Child Cohort Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Polanska ◽  
Gerhard Dettbarn ◽  
Joanna Jurewicz ◽  
Wojciech Sobala ◽  
Per Magnus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cotinine Level ◽  
Pah Exposure ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of PAH exposure on various anthropometric measures of birth outcomes. The study population consisted of 210 nonsmoking pregnant women. Urine samples collected between 20th and 24th week of pregnancy were used for analysis of the following PAH metabolites: 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 9-OH-PHE), 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-PYR), 1,6 + 1,8-dihydroxypyrene (DI-OH-PYR), phenanthrenetrans-1,2-dihydrodiol (PHE-1,2-diol), and phenanthrenetrans-9,10-dihydrodiol (PHE-9,10-diol) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure (ETS) was assessed by cotinine level in saliva using a stable isotope dilution LC-ESI-MS/MS method. The mean PAH metabolite concentrations were in the range of 0.15 µg/g creatinine for 9-OH-PHE to 5.9 µg/g creatinine for PHE-9,10-diol. It was shown that none of the individual PAH exposure markers demonstrate a statistically significant influence on birth outcomes. Interestingly a statistically significant association was found between the sum of OH-PHE along with cotinine level and the cephalization index after adjusting for potential confounders (P=0.04). This study provides evidence that combined exposure of pregnant women to common environmental pollutants such as PAH and ETS might adversely affect fetal development. Thus, reduction of human exposure to these mixtures of hazardous compounds would in particular result in substantial health benefits for newborns.

scholarly journals Low manganese and high iron levels in amniotic fluid correlate with fetal chromosomal abnormalities in pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Suliburska ◽  
Jakub Pankiewicz ◽  
Adam Sajnóg ◽  
Magdalena Paczkowska ◽  
Beata Nowakowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Essential And Toxic Elements ◽  
Caucasian Women

Abstract This study aimed to check the association of essential and toxic elements in amniotic fluid (AF) with chromosomal abnormalities. A total of 156 pregnant Polish white Caucasian women between the age of 20 and 43 years participated in the study. AF samples were collected during routine diagnostic and treatment procedures in pregnant women. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the levels of various elements in AF. Genomic hybridization and cytogenic karyotype analysis were used. The results of the karyotype analysis indicated chromosomal abnormalities in 19 fetuses (over 12% of the total population) and it was mainly trisomy 21 (N=11), trisomy 18 (N=2), triploidy (N=2) and other chromosomal aberrations. It was found that a low concentration of manganese in AF was associated with chromosomal abnormalities in the foetus. High levels of iron and advanced age of the mother increased the risk of aneuploidy in the fetus. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Spearman correlation showed a strong correlation between essential and toxic elements in AF, especially in groups with chromosomal abnormalities. The results of this exploratory study indicate that the levels of essential and toxic elements in AF are associated with chromosomal abnormalities in the human fetus.

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