Truncation in message-oriented phonology: a case study using Korean vocative truncation

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeto Kawahara ◽  
Seunghun J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
European Language ◽  
Sound Patterns ◽  
Faithfulness Constraint

AbstractThis paper analyzes the vocative truncation pattern in Korean from the viewpoint of Message-Oriented Phonology (MOP), which capitalizes on the idea that sound patterns are governed by a principle that makes message transfer effective. In the traditional naming pattern, Korean first names consist of a generation marker and a unique portion, and the order between these two elements alternates between generations. To derive vocative forms, the generation marker is truncated, and the suffixal [(j)a] is attached to the unique portion. We argue that MOP naturally predicts this type of truncation. As the generation marker is shared by all the members of the same generation, the generation marker is highly predictable and hence does not reduce uncertainty about the intended message. To achieve effective communication, predictable portions are deleted. Our analysis implies that MOP is relevant not only to phonetic implementation patterns, but also to morphophonological patterns. It also provides support for MOP based on data from a non-Indo-European language. Finally, we aim to integrate insights of MOP with a more formal proposal like Optimality Theory, by relating the predictability of a contrast to the ranking of the faithfulness constraint that it protects, following the spirit of the P-map hypothesis.

scholarly journals An Optimality Analysis of the Phonological Processes in the Speech of Autistic Algerian Children: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Meymouna Bourzeg
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Child ◽  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Standard Arabic ◽  
Naming Test ◽  
Faithfulness Constraint

The current paper scrutinizes the phonological processes used by an autistic child, in Standard Arabic, via the use of a constraint-based framework of optimality theory. The data of the present study were collected through a picture-naming test. To ensure that the pictures are representative of all standard Arabic phonemes, the researcher designed a test containing 84 pictures representing three intra-word positions (initial, medial, and final). The results reveal that the autistic child grammar is characterized, mainly, with seven phonological processes: sibilant dentalization, de-emphasization, gliding, stopping, nasality spreading, final consonant deletion, and fronting. Autistic children's phonological system is stigmatized by unmarked forms. In terms of optimality theory, treating the phonological problems of autistic children requires demoting the highly ranked unmarked constraints and promoting the lowest-ranked faithfulness constraint.

A Case Study of Effective Communication in Industry

1958 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond R. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Effective Communication

scholarly journals Addressing challenges with systematic review teams through effective communication: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda C. O’Dwyer ◽  
Q. Eileen Wafford
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Core Competency ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
Systematic Review Process

Background: Every step in the systematic review process has challenges, ranging from resistance by review teams to adherence to standard methodology to low-energy commitment to full participation. These challenges can derail the project and result in significant delays, duplication of work, and failure to complete the review. Communication during the systematic review process is key to ensuring it runs smoothly and is identified as a core competency for librarians involved in systematic reviews.Case Presentation: This case report presents effective communication approaches that our librarians employ to address challenges encountered while working with systematic review teams. The communication strategies we describe engage teams through information, questions, and action items and lead to productive collaborations with publishable systematic reviews.Conclusions: Effective communication with review teams keeps systematic review projects moving forward. The techniques covered in this case study strive to minimize misunderstandings, educate collaborators, and, in our experience, have led to multiple successful collaborations and publications. Librarians working in the systematic review space will recognize these challenges and can adapt these techniques to their own environments.

Strategic Planning in Education

2019 ◽  
pp. 238-249
Author(s):  
Salam Omar
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Shared Vision ◽  
Leadership Team ◽  
Effective Model ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
The People

BCAA is an outstanding school that was rated as one of the top schools in the UAE in 2016 and again in 2018. Taking into consideration the fact that strategic planning is an important factor in guiding educational organizations to achieve a shared vision, this case study provides its readers with a detailed guide for other schools to be aided with. This case study shows the commitment of the leadership team towards the strategic planning. It also highlights the importance and the different aspects of the planning. The researcher has interviewed the members of the leadership team in order to collect the required data for the study. The researcher analyzed the collected data thematically to provide other schools with a successful effective model of strategic planning. The findings of this study show that having a well-studied strategic plan in BCAA led it to succeed and to be evaluated as an outstanding college in all aspects. The results also reveal that the success of the BCAA strategic planning is due to the commitment, cooperation, effective communication, and sincerity of the people working at it.

Mapping meaning to argument structure

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-60
Author(s):  
James N. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Case Marking ◽  
Detailed Case ◽  
Nominal Arguments

This chapter investigates the phenomenon of morphological case in so-called ‘ergative-absolutive aligned’ languages, with a detailed case study of the Polynesian language Samoan. The focus is on the interaction of morphological case marking and the lexical semantics of verbs, proposing that the case marking pattern on a verb’s arguments are closely linked to the verb’s entailments, especially those relating to how the participants denoted by the verb’s nominal arguments participate in the event being described. Through empirical investigation of novel Samoan data, the chapter argues that ergative morphological case marking is linked to the agent argument’s status as a ‘self directed initiator’ of the event. In providing an analysis of this phenomenon, this chapter proposes a formal model of how a verb’s lexical semantics interacts with the morphological case component of grammar, employing insights from Optimality Theory.

A Comparison of Haptic Sketching and Digital Sketching

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-161
Author(s):  
Tom Page
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Design Students ◽  
The Relationship

This article compares and contrasts the use of haptic and digital sketching in the design process. It investigates the preferred sketching method of final year design students. In addition, it examines the relationship between effective communication and the use of haptic and digital sketching. A case study involving ten final year students studying product design courses at Nottingham Trent University was undertaken. The text explores the current literature and identifies the benefits of using the two methods. The inclusion of digital sketching tutorials in the undergraduate curriculum is discussed as well as the option of replacing haptic with digital sketching. The study concludes that while a wider survey with students from other design courses would be useful, the results provide strong evidence that final year students currently prefer haptic to digital sketching as an essential part of the design process.

scholarly journals Optimaalsusteooria fonoloogias

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
Külli Prillop
Keyword(s):  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Dominant Paradigm

Optimaalsusteooria (OT) esitasid 1990. aastate alguses Alan Prince ja Paul Smolensky. Praeguseks on OTst saanud enim kasutatav teooria fonoloogias. Tegemist on generatiivse teooria edasiarendusega. Artiklis tutvustan lühidalt optimaalsusteooria põhiseisukohti, samuti mõningaid varasemaid teooriaid, mis on OTga seotud. Pööran tähelepanu ka sellele, miks OTs on nähtud funktsionalistide ja formalistide lepitajat, ning milliseid muutusi uurimisprobleemide valikul on OT levik kaasa toonud. Väiteid ilmestab lihtne näide eesti keele kaasaütleva käände kujunemisest: miks on tunnuseks kujunenud ‑ga, mitte ‑kka ega -ks.Optimality Theory in phonology. Optimality Theory (OT), which has become the dominant paradigm for phonological research, was developed in the early 1990s by Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky. Compared to rule-based frameworks, OT arguably has more explanatory power. OT also gives the opportunity for the synthesis of functionalist and formalist ideas. In this paper, I introduce some main principles of OT. To illustrate how OT works, I present a somewhat simplified case study of the phonological development of Estonian comitative ending -ga (from the postposition *kansak ’with’). The aim of this paper is to introduce OT (in Estonian) to postgraduate students and researchers working within other theoretical frameworks.

scholarly journals Building Effective Communication Between Teachers and Early Children In PAUD Institutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Ditha Prasanti ◽  
Dinda Rakhma Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Interaction Theory ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Communication Goals ◽  
Symbolic Interaction Theory

Effective communication is certainly the dream of everyone who does it. Not separated from the communication process, early childhood also interacts to achieve the desired communication goals. In this article, the author discusses the efforts to build effective communication for teachers and early childhood in the X PAUD institution in Bandung. The author sees this topic as very important because it is an urgency now to express the creation of effective communication between teachers and early childhood in their PAUD institutions. This study uses a qualitative approach to the case study method. The author raises a case about efforts to build effective communication in the PAUD X institution. This study is very suitable to be analyzed with symbolic interaction theory because there is a meaning in the communication process conducted by teachers with early childhood in the PAUD institution. The results showed that there were efforts made to build effective communication between teachers and early childhood, including: (1) PAUD teachers as communicators must have characteristics of patience, willingness to sacrifice, attention, assertiveness, and be able to attract early childhood attention; (2) the existence of media / tools used by PAUD teachers at the X institution to achieve effective communication for teachers and early childhood; (3) PAUD teachers must understand the diverse character of their students  

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