Quick and effective method of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell extraction

AbstractBackground. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are currently exploited in numerous clinical trials to investigate their potential in immune regulation, hematopoesis or tissue regeneration. The most common source of MSCs for clinical use is human bone marrow. To generate sufficient numbers of cells relevant to clinical use in most cases the high volumes (20-50 ml) of bone marrow aspirates are taken. Methods. In this pilot study, 8 healthy bone marrow donors were included. Two different MSC extraction methods were evaluated: MSCs extraction from 60 ml of bone marrow using density gradient and MSCs extraction from 6 ml using red blood cell (RBC) lysis. Results. Our results showed that after RBC lysis the efficient amount of human MSCs can be isolated from 10 times less bone marrow volume (6 ml). Moreover, using small volume of bone marrow the adequate therapeutical dose of MSCs could be achieved during similar period of time (3-4 weeks). In conclusion, we have shown that MSCs isolation using RBC lysis is an effective and more advantageous method in comparison to standard MSCs isolation using density-gradient. Using RBC lysis from small volume of bone marrow the same amount of MSCs were obtained as usually using large volume and density-gradient.

Download Full-text

Clinical Scale Expansion of Cryopreserved Small Volume Whole Bone Marrow Aspirates Produces Sufficient Cells for Clinical Use

Journal of Hematotherapy ◽

10.1089/106161299320398 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 115-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Beverly I. Lundell ◽

Ramkumar K. Mandalam ◽

Alan K. Smith

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Small Volume ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Clinical Scale ◽

Scale Expansion

Download Full-text

Bone marrow cell morphology in congenital diserythropoietic anemia: selective enrichment of the studied cell population for light and electron microscopy using a microarray and centrifugation in a density gradient

Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology ◽

10.24287/1726-1708-2018-17-1-104-107 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 104-107

Author(s):

S.I. Obydennyi ◽

◽

O.S. Fedyanina ◽

A.N. Khvastunova ◽

A.O. Zakirova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Density Gradient ◽

Cell Population ◽

Bone Marrow Cell ◽

Cell Morphology ◽

Marrow Cell ◽

Light And Electron Microscopy ◽

Selective Enrichment

Download Full-text

Faculty Opinions recommendation of Tissue regeneration of the vocal fold using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and synthetic extracellular matrix injections in rats.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.2889961.2558060 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Ravindhra G Elluru

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Tissue Regeneration ◽

Vocal Fold ◽

Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Download Full-text

The Potential of Fucose-Containing Sulfated Polysaccharides As Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867326666181213093718 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (35) ◽

pp. 6399-6411 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cláudia Nunes ◽

Manuel A. Coimbra

Keyword(s):

Tissue Regeneration ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Structural Features ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Health Related ◽

Pathogen Inhibition ◽

Health Applications

Marine environments have a high quantity and diversity of sulfated polysaccharides. In coastal regions brown algae are the most abundant biomass producers and their cell walls have fucosecontaining sulfated polysaccharides (FCSP), known as fucans and/or fucoidans. These sulfated compounds have been widely researched for their biomedical properties, namely the immunomodulatory, haemostasis, pathogen inhibition, anti-inflammatory capacity, and antitumoral. These activities are probably due to their ability to mimic the carbohydrate moieties of mammalian glycosaminoglycans. Therefore, the FCSP are interesting compounds for application in health-related subjects, mainly for developing scaffolds for delivery systems or tissue regeneration. FCSP showed potential for these applications also due to their ability to form stable 3D structures with other polymers able to entrap therapeutic agents or cell and growth factors, besides their biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, for the clinical use of these biopolymers well-defined reproducible molecules are required in order to accurately establish relationships between structural features and human health applications.

Download Full-text

Toxicity of Combinations of Kinase Pathway Inhibitors to Normal Human Cells in a Three-Dimensional Culture

SLAS TECHNOLOGY Translating Life Sciences Innovation ◽

10.1177/24726303211008858 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 247263032110088

Author(s):

Pouria Rafsanjani Nejad ◽

Pradip Shahi Thakuri ◽

Sunil Singh ◽

Astha Lamichhane ◽

Jacob Heiss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Protein Kinase ◽

Single Agent ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Drug Combinations ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Combination Drug ◽

Normal Cells ◽

Colon Cells

Resistance to single-agent chemotherapy and molecularly targeted drugs prevents sustained efficacy of treatments. To address this challenge, combination drug treatments have been used to improve outcomes for patients. Potential toxicity of combination treatments is a major concern, however, and has led to the failure of several clinical trials in different cancers. The use of cell-based models of normal tissues in preclinical studies enables testing and identifying toxic effects of drug combinations and facilitates an informed decision-making process for advancing the treatments to animal models and clinical trials. Recently, we established that combinations of molecular inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase–protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathways effectively and synergistically inhibit growth of BRAFmut and KRASmut colorectal tumor spheroids by blocking feedback signaling of downstream kinase pathways. These pathways are important for cell proliferation, however, and their simultaneous inhibition may cause toxicity to normal cells. We used a cellular spheroid model to study toxicities of drug combinations to human bone marrow and colon. Our results indicated that MAPK and PI3K/Akt inhibitors used simultaneously were only moderately toxic to bone marrow cells but significantly more toxic to colon cells. Our molecular analysis of proliferative cell activities and housekeeping proteins further corroborated these results. Overall, our approach to identify toxic effects of combinations of cancer drugs to normal cells in three-dimensional cultures will facilitate more informed treatment selections for subsequent animal studies.

Download Full-text

The Potency of Seaweed Sulfated Polysaccharides for the Correction of Hemostasis Disorders in COVID-19

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26092618 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 2618

Author(s):

Tatyana A. Kuznetsova ◽

Boris G. Andryukov ◽

Ilona D. Makarenkova ◽

Tatyana S. Zaporozhets ◽

Natalya N. Besednova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Low Cost ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Optimal Dose ◽

Monosaccharide Composition ◽

Structural Features ◽

Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Hemostasis System

Hemostasis disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and outcome of COVID-19. First of all, the hemostasis system suffers due to a complicated and severe course of COVID-19. A significant number of COVID-19 patients develop signs of hypercoagulability, thrombocytopenia, and hyperfibrinolysis. Patients with severe COVID-19 have a tendency toward thrombotic complications in the venous and arterial systems, which is the leading cause of death in this disease. Despite the success achieved in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2, the search for new effective anticoagulants, thrombolytics, and fibrinolytics, as well as their optimal dose strategies, continues to be relevant. The wide therapeutic potential of seaweed sulfated polysaccharides (PSs), including anticoagulant, thrombolytic, and fibrinolytic activities, opens up new possibilities for their study in experimental and clinical trials. These natural compounds can be important complementary drugs for the recovery from hemostasis disorders due to their natural origin, safety, and low cost compared to synthetic drugs. In this review, the authors analyze possible pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the hemostasis disorders observed in the pathological progression of COVID-19, and also focus the attention of researchers on seaweed PSs as potential drugs aimed to correction these disorders in COVID-19 patients. Modern literature data on the anticoagulant, antithrombotic, and fibrinolytic activities of seaweed PSs are presented, depending on their structural features (content and position of sulfate groups on the main chain of PSs, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and type of glycosidic bonds, the degree of PS chain branching, etc.). The mechanisms of PS action on the hemostasis system and the issues of oral bioavailability of PSs, important for their clinical use as oral anticoagulant and antithrombotic agents, are considered. The combination of the anticoagulant, thrombolytic, and fibrinolytic properties, along with low toxicity and relative cheapness of production, open up prospects for the clinical use of PSs as alternative sources of new anticoagulant and antithrombotic compounds. However, further investigation and clinical trials are needed to confirm their efficacy.

Download Full-text

Contemporary Clinical Use of Aspirin: Mechanisms of Action, Current Concepts, Unresolved Questions, and Future Perspectives

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1726096 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mikael Christiansen ◽

Erik Lerkevang Grove ◽

Anne-Mette Hvas

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Oral Anticoagulants ◽

Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽

Bleeding Risk ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Action Current ◽

Potential Clinical Benefit ◽

Treatment Indications ◽

Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

AbstractThe ability of aspirin to inhibit platelet aggregation has positioned this agent within the most frequently used drugs worldwide. The aim of this article is to review the contemporary clinical use of aspirin and also to discuss unresolved issues not yet translated into clinical practice. Results from several clinical trials have led to strong guideline recommendations for aspirin use in the acute management and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. On the contrary, guidelines regarding aspirin use as primary prevention of cardiovascular disease are almost conservative, supported by recent trials reporting that the bleeding risk outweighs the potential benefits in most patients. In pregnancy, aspirin has proved efficient in preventing preeclampsia and small-for-gestational-age births in women at high risk, and is hence widely recommended in clinical guidelines. Despite the vast amount of clinical data on aspirin, several unresolved questions remain. Randomized trials have reported that aspirin reduces the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism, but the clinical relevance remains limited, because direct oral anticoagulants are more effective. Laboratory studies suggest that a twice-daily dosing regimen or evening intake may lead to more efficient platelet inhibition, and the potential clinical benefit of such strategies is currently being explored in ongoing clinical trials. Enteric-coated formulations of aspirin are frequently used, but it remains unclear if they are safer and as efficient as plain aspirin. In the future, aspirin use after percutaneous coronary interventions might not be mandatory in patients who also need anticoagulant therapy, as several trials support shorter aspirin duration strategies. On the other hand, new treatment indications for aspirin will likely arise, as there is growing evidence that aspirin may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer and other types of cancer.

Download Full-text

Selective VEGFR Inhibitors for Anticancer Therapeutics in Clinical Use and Clinical Trials

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/138161212800672732 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 18 (20) ◽

pp. 2921-2935 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Cunlong Zhang ◽

Chunyan Tan ◽

Huaiwei Ding ◽

Tian Xin ◽

Yuyang Jiang

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Anticancer Therapeutics

Download Full-text

Clinical Experience With Minocycline and Rifampin-Impregnated Central Venous Catheters in Bone Marrow Transplantation Recipients: Efficacy and Low Risk of Developing Staphylococcal Resistance

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1086/502167 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 24 (12) ◽

pp. 961-963 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Ioannis Chatzinikolaou ◽

Hend Hanna ◽

Linda Graviss ◽

Gassan Chaiban ◽

Cheryl Perego ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽

Clinical Experience ◽

Marrow Transplantation ◽

Bloodstream Infections ◽

Central Venous Catheters ◽

Low Risk ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Retrospective Evaluation ◽

Central Venous

AbstractIn this retrospective evaluation of the 4-year clinical use of minocycline and rifampin-impregnated catheters in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) patients, we report low risk of development of staphylococcal resistance to the antibiotics coating the catheters and efficacy in preventing primary staphylococcal bloodstream infections.

Download Full-text