scholarly journals An Analysis Of Tensile Test Results to Assess the Innovation Risk for an Additive Manufacturing Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Adamczak ◽  
Jerzy Bochnia ◽  
Bożena Kaczmarska
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ishikawa Diagram ◽  
Additive Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Fmea Method ◽  
Printing Direction

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the innovation risk for an additive manufacturing process. The analysis was based on the results of static tensile tests obtained for specimens made of photocured resin. The assessment involved analyzing the measurement uncertainty by applying the FMEA method. The structure of the causes and effects of the discrepancies was illustrated using the Ishikawa diagram. The risk priority numbers were calculated. The uncertainty of the tensile test measurement was determined for three printing orientations. The results suggest that the material used to fabricate the tensile specimens shows clear anisotropy of the properties in relation to the printing direction.

Mechanical Behavior and Microstructure of Electron Beam Melted Ti-6Al-4V Using Digital Image Correlation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shafinul Haque ◽  
Edel Arrieta ◽  
Jorge Mireles ◽  
Cesar Carrasco ◽  
Calvin M. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
Additive Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Zero Degree

The reputation of additive manufacturing technology has increased dramatically in recent years due to its freedom of design, customization, and waste minimization. The growing demand for complex profile components to achieve more economic and strength-to-weight efficient aero-engine components can be met by additive manufacturing technology. In this study, electron beam melting (EBM), a powder bed additive layer manufacturing process, is used to manufacture Ti-6Al-4V tensile specimens. The Ti-6AL-4V alloy has excellent corrosion and high temperature resistance with a high strength-to-weight ratio. It is widely used in the power generation, aerospace, and medical industries. An Arcam Ti-6Al-4V prealloyed powder with particle sizes ranging from 45μ–100μ is used in an Arcam A2 machine to manufacture three specimens at zero degree manufacturing orientation. The zero degree manufacturing orientation is expected to exhibit a higher strength over other orientations. The EBM manufacturing parameters were set at 15mA current and 4530 mm/sec beam speed. Tensile tests were performed at room temperature (25.5°C) under a strain rate of 0.003 mm/mm/min according to the ASTM E8 standard for strain-rate sensitive materials. Stress-strain curves are plotted and discussed. Tensile test results indicate a tensile strength of 1.2 GPa and an elongation of 8% approximately. Three Dimensional Digital Image Correlation (3D-DIC) is used to measure the full strain field and deformation evolution on the surface of the specimens. The 3D-DIC system compares digital photographs (taken at two different angles simultaneously) of the surface of a specimen and calculates the deformation and strain fields. Using the strain fields the mechanical properties are determined by the relationships in the strain tensor. The tensile test results show that for a zero degree manufacturing orientation, the yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) are higher than that typically reported for wrought products. Fractography using optical microscopy (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were conducted. Micrographs of transverse section of the specimen were obtained to identify and analyze the failure mechanism that took place during testing. The built direction, presence of voids, manufacturing defects, and unmelted particles are observed from the SEM views. Surface roughness and microstructure were observed in the OM. A comparison of the obtained results with the literature for additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V and possible causes are discussed.

Study Regarding the Influence of the Printing Orientation Angle on the Mechanical Behavior of Parts Manufactured by Material Jetting

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-209
Author(s):  
Vasile Cojocaru ◽  
Doina Frunzaverde ◽  
Dorian Nedelcu ◽  
Calin-Octavian Miclosina ◽  
Gabriela Marginean
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Anisotropic Behavior ◽  
Optimization Of Process Parameters ◽  
Printed Materials

Initially developed as a rapid prototyping tool for project visualization and validation, the recent development of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies has led to the transition from rapid prototyping to rapid manufacturing. As a consequence, increased attention has to be paid to the mechanical, chemical and physical properties of the printed materials. In mechanical engineering, the widespread use of AM technologies requires the optimization of process parameters and material properties in order to obtain components with high, repeatable and time-stable mechanical properties. One of the main problems in this regard is the anisotropic behavior of components made by additive manufacturing, determined by the type of material, the 3D printing technology, the process parameters and the position of the components in the printing space. In this paper the influence of the printing orientation angle on the tensile behavior of specimens made by material jetting is investigated. The aim was to determine if the positioning of components at different angles relative to the X-axis of the printer (and implicitly in relation to the multijet printing head) contributes to anisotropic behavior. The material used was a photopolymer with a mechanical strength between 40 MPa and 55 MPa, according to the producer. Four sets of tensile test specimens were manufactured, using flat build orientation and positioned on the printing table at angles of 0˚, 30˚, 60˚ and 90˚ to the X-axis of the printer. Comparative analysis of the mechanical behavior was carried out by tensile tests and microscopic investigations of the tensile test specimens fracture surfaces.

Mechanical Properties of Flat Braided Composites With a Circular Hole

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeru Ohki ◽  
Shinya Ikegaki ◽  
Ken Kurasiki ◽  
Hiroyuki Hamada ◽  
Masaharu Iwamoto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Circular Hole ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Fatigue Property ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
The One

Abstract In this study, fracture behavior and strength in the flat braided bar with a circular hole were investigated by static and fatigue test. Two type of specimens were prepared. They are a braided flat bar with an integrally-formed braided hole and a braided flat bar with a machined hole. Moreover, we also examined a specimen that had a metal pin inserted at the circular hole. This specimen was subjected to a static tensile test. The results of the tensile tests indicate that the strength of the flat bar with a braided hole was larger than that of the one with the machined hole. Furthermore, from the results of the fatigue tests, the flat bar with the braided hole showed higher fatigue property than that of the one with the machined hole.

Green Material for Fused Filament Fabrication

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mastura Mohammad Taha ◽  
Ridhwan Jumaidin ◽  
Nadlene M. Razali ◽  
Syahibudil Ikhwan Abdul Kudus
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Green Material ◽  
Additive Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Green Materials ◽  
Composites Materials ◽  
The Right

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) has been developed in additive manufacturing technology as a fast and simple manufacturing process in product design. Advantage of the process such as flexibility in terms of the materials employment has attracted many researchers to develop new materials for the feed stock filament in the heat extrusion process of FFF. Green materials or bio-composites materials have been found in FFF and successfully commercialized in the market. However, a deep research should have been performed prior the application because of the unique characteristics of the material itself. The challenge for the researchers to develop bio-composite materials as the filament in FFF technology is to determine the right composition of the composites with the right thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties. Therefore, in this study, a review has been conducted to highlight the important requirements of the process and materials. Green materials such as bio-composites have a great potential in the FFF technology and could improve the sustainability impact.

Mechanical Properties of Flat Braided Composites With a Circular Hole

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeru Ohki ◽  
Shinya Ikegaki ◽  
Ken Kurasiki ◽  
Hiroyuki Hamada ◽  
Masaharu Iwamoto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Circular Hole ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Fatigue Property ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
The One

In this study, fracture behavior and strength in the flat braided bar with a circular hole were investigated by static and fatigue test. Two types of specimen were prepared. They are a braided flat bar with an integrally formed braided hole and a braided flat bar with a machined hole. Moreover, we also examined a specimen that had a metal pin inserted at the circular hole. This specimen was subjected to a static tensile test. The results of the tensile tests indicate that the strength of the flat bar with a braided hole was larger than that of the one with the machined hole. Furthermore, from the results of the fatigue tests, the flat bar with the braided hole showed higher fatigue property than that of the one with the machined hole. [S0094-4289(00)02604-9]

Additive Manufacturing of PA6 with Short Carbon Fibre Reinforcement Using Fused Deposition Modelling

2018 ◽  
Vol 928 ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frantisek Sedlacek ◽  
Václava Lašová
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Carbon Fibres ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Additive Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Short Carbon

The aim of this research was to determine the influence of the short carbon fibres in nylon PA6 polymer used for fused deposition modelling (additive manufacturing) technology. Specimens from pure PA6 and PA6 with short carbon fibres were fabricated, with both main directions of the material with respect to the build orientation in a 3D printer. Experimental tensile tests of the specimens were carried out at several temperatures according to ISO standards. The strength, tensile modulus and ductility in relation to the temperature were compared. A significant influence of the short carbon fibres on the strength and heat deflection temperature of the part was found in PA6 and also for the orientation of the build in the 3D printer.

Laser Transmission Technology of Laser Additive Manufacturing

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 4315-4318
Author(s):  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Xiao Feng Shang ◽  
Lei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Optical Path ◽  
Metal Component ◽  
Laser Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Additive Manufacturing Technology ◽  
And Function

The laser additive manufacturing technology is a laser assisted direct metal manufacturing process. This process offers the ability to make a metal component directly from CAD drawings. The manufacturing equipment consists of some components. Among them, the laser transmission component plays an important role in the whole fabricating process. It provides the energy source to melt the metal powder, so it is necessary to develop the laser transmission technology. This technology is achieved primarily by laser generator system and optical path transmission system. The related structure design and function implementation prove that the laser transmission technology can generate desirable laser power at precise assigned position, and complete the manufacturing process with flying colors.

Development of Unified Viscoplastic-Damage Model for Crashworthiness Analysis of Boron Steel Safety Components with Tailored Microstructures

2015 ◽  
Vol 784 ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Li ◽  
Jian Guo Lin ◽  
Trevor A. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Boron Steel ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Damage Constitutive Model ◽  
Steel Panels ◽  
Crashworthiness Analysis

Hot stamped boron steel panels with tailored properties are popular as car safety components for maximised energy absorption. In this study, dynamic and quasi-static tensile tests (strain rate: 0.001/s – 500/s) combined with microstructural observation were carried out to study the mechanical properties of press hardened boron steel with various microstructures (martensite volume fraction: 0 – 100%) at room temperature. Based on the test results, a physically-based unified viscoplastic-damage constitutive model has been developed and determined, which takes the volume fraction of martensite into account. Thus the crashworthiness and failure mode of boron steel parts having graded microstructure distributions can be described through a single set of equations.

scholarly journals Simularea computerizata a testului de tractiune statica folosind metoda elementelor finite

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Marcin Staszuk ◽  
Marcin Nabialek
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Static Tensile Test ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Simulation Results

The work presents the results of a computer simulation of one of the most widespread strength tests, i.e. a static tensile test, performed with the use of two design tools - ANSYS and SolidWorks software. Strength tests were performed with the ZWICK Z100 tensile machine. The shaped sections used in the analysis were made of AW-6060 aluminium alloy. The computer simulation results were referenced to the actual tensile test results and it was found they are comparable. It can be concluded on such basis that a computer simulation is an alternative to time-consuming and costly laboratory tests.

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