scholarly journals Comparison Of Cd And Zn Accumulation In Tissues Of Different Vascular Plants: A Radiometric Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-190
Author(s):  
Zuzana Dürešová ◽  
Anna Šuňovská ◽  
Miroslav Horník ◽  
Martin Pipíška ◽  
Marcela Gubišová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Giant Reed ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Zn Accumulation ◽  
Root Tissues ◽  
Target Metal ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Abstract The aim of the present work was to compare the accumulation and translocation of Cd and Zn in plants of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), celery (Apium graveolens L.), maize (Zea mays L.), giant reed (Arundo donax L.), and alpine pennycress (Noccaea caerulescens L.) under conditions of short-term hydroponic experiments using nutrient solutions spiked with radionuclides 109Cd or 65Zn, and direct gamma-spectrometry. It was found that the time-course of metals accumulation in studied plants was not different in terms of target metal, but it was significantly different on the level of plant species. The highest values of Cd accumulation showed plants of giant reed, whereby the accumulation decreased in the order: giant reed > tobacco > alpine pennycress >> maize and celery. On the basis of concentration ratios (CR) [Me]shoot / [Me]root calculation for both metals, it was found that Cd and Zn were in prevailing part accumulated in the root tissues and only partially accumulated in the shoots, where the amount of accumulated Cd and Zn increased from the oldest developed leaves to the youngest developed leaves. The CR values corresponding to these facts were calculated in the range 0.06 – 0.27 for Cd and for Zn 0.06 – 0.48. In terms of plant species, the CR values obtained for Cd decreased in the order: maize > celery > tobacco and giant reed > alpine pennycress. The similarity between studied objects – individual plant species on the basis of the obtained variables defining Cd or Zn accumulation at different conditions of the experiments as well as the relationships between obtained variables and conditions of the experiments were subjected to multivariate analysis method – cluster analysis (CA). According to the findings and this analysis, it can be expected that plants of tobacco and giant reed will dispose with similar characteristics as plants of alpine pennycress, which are classified as Zn/Cd hyperaccumulators, in terms of Cd or Zn accumulation and other positive parameters for their utilization in phytoremediation processes and techniques.

Plant induced spatial distribution of nematodes in a semi-natural grassland

Nematology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Viketoft
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
The Family ◽  
Natural Grassland ◽  
Nematode Fauna

AbstractThis study describes the nematode community in a semi-natural grassland and investigates if certain individual plant species can cause a spatial structure in the nematode fauna. Nematode communities were analysed in soil under Trifolium repens, Festuca ovina and from randomly taken samples. Seventy-nine nematode genera were identified. Some of the species found have not previously been reported from Sweden. Multivariate analysis separated the nematode communities associated with the two selected plant species from each other, and several individual nematode genera differed in abundance between the plant species. Trifolium repens supported greater populations of the plant feeder Tylenchorhynchus and the bacterial feeders Eucephalobus, Chiloplacus, Eumonhystera and Panagrolaimus, but fewer numbers of the bacterial feeder Achromadora. Soil under F. ovina contained more nematodes from the family Alaimidae. A comparison is given with other studies from grassland systems in Sweden.

scholarly journals RESPONS PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SELEDRI (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) TERHADAP MEDIA TANAM DAN KONSENTRASI LARUTAN NUTRISI YANG BERBEDA PADA WICK SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Maria Ulfa ◽  
Hadi Pranoto ◽  
Susylowati Susylowati
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Optimum Point ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nutrient Solutions ◽  
Polynomial Orthogonal

This research aims to find out 1) the interaction between the medium of planting and the concentration of nutrient solutions to the growth and yield of celery plants hydroponically. 2) types of planting media that can give different influences on the growth and yield of celery plants, and 3) concentration of nutrient solution that provides the best growth and yield of celery plants in different planting media.The research was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020 at the Integrated Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture of Mulawarman University, Samarinda. The research used factorial exsperiment 3×4 on Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), replicated three times with each treatment consisting of three plants. The first factor is the planting medium consisting of rockwool, charcoal husk, and combination of charcoal husk + tea amps. The second factor is the concentration of AB Mix nutrient solution consists of 500, 1,000, 1,500, and 2,000 ppm. The data was analyzed with test F and continued Least Significant Difference (LSD) test with a level of 5%.  The results showed that there is an interaction between planting media and concentration of nutrient solution in the growth and yield of celery plants. The interaction between the combination of charcoal planting media + tea pulp and concentration of 1,500 ppm is not real with the interaction of rockwool planting media and concentration of 1,500 ppm. From various types of planting media used, charcoal husk planting media provides the best influence on the growth and yield of celery plants. Based on polynomial orthogonal test the concentration of nutrient solution with an optimum point of 1,460.84 ppm affects the growth and yield of celery plants with a maximum dry weight of 2.14 g.

Impacts of erosion control treatments on native vegetation recovery after severe wildfire in the Eastern Cascades, USA

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich K. Dodson ◽  
David W. Peterson ◽  
Richy J. Harrod
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Vegetation Recovery ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Native Plant

Slope stabilisation treatments like mulching and seeding are used to increase soil cover and reduce runoff and erosion following severe wildfires, but may also retard native vegetation recovery. We evaluated the effects of seeding and fertilisation on the cover and richness of native and exotic plants and on individual plant species following the 2004 Pot Peak wildfire in Washington State, USA. We applied four seeding and three fertilisation treatments to experimental plots at eight burned sites in spring 2005 and surveyed vegetation during the first two growing seasons after fire. Seeding significantly reduced native non-seeded species richness and cover by the second year. Fertilisation increased native plant cover in both years, but did not affect plant species richness. Seeding and fertilisation significantly increased exotic cover, especially when applied in combination. However, exotic cover and richness were low and treatment effects were greatest in the first year. Seeding suppressed several native plant species, especially disturbance-adapted forbs. Fertilisation, in contrast, favoured several native understorey plant species but reduced tree regeneration. Seeding, even with native species, appears to interfere with the natural recovery of native vegetation whereas fertilisation increases total plant cover, primarily by facilitating native vegetation recovery.

Defensive (anti-herbivory) Batesian mimicry in plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 34-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simcha Lev-Yadun
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Plant Biology ◽  
Batesian Mimicry ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Toxic Plants ◽  
Animal Damage ◽  
Defensive Mechanisms

Several types of defensive Batesian mimicry seem to be much more common in plants than was historically and is currently considered. It is based either on visual aspects (shape, coloration, and even movement), on odors, and on combinations of both these sensing modalities. Various characters that seem to function as defensive Batesian mimicry, may also simultaneously take part in pollination, physiological functions, or in other defensive mechanisms. The defended models for the visual Batesian mimics in plants belong to several categories: (1) spiny, thorny and prickly plant species, (2) mechanically or chemically defended parts of the same individual plant, or other members of the same species (auto mimicry), (3) colorful and chemically defended plants, (4) dangerous animals (aggressive, toxic), (5) fungal attacks, (6) animal action and animal damage cues, and (7) oozing defensive white latex. Olfactory defended models include: (1) toxic plants, (2) animal alarm pheromones, and (3) animal carrion and feces odors. Many more descriptive, genetic, phylogenetic and experimental studies have to be done in order to better understand the role of defensive Batesian mimicry in plant biology.

Plants of Central Queensland

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Grazing Lands ◽  
Sustainable Productivity

Conservation and sustainable productivity are vital issues for Australia. In order to manage vegetation well from an agricultural, recreational or conservation point of view, an understanding of individual plant species is important. Plants of Central Queensland provides a guide for identifying and understanding the plants of the region so that pastoralists and others can be better equipped to manage the vegetation resource of our grazing lands. Central Queensland straddles the Tropic of Capricorn, although many of the plants in the book will also be found outside this area, as shown by their distribution maps. The book provides information on the habit, distribution, foliage and fruits of 525 plant species. Informative notes highlighting declared, poisonous, weed and medicinal plants are included, and plants useful for bees and bush tucker are also noted. These are the most important plants you might see if you live in or travel through central Queensland. This book has an easy-to-read, non-botanical format, with helpful photographs and distribution maps that greatly aid anyone interested in the vegetation of central Queensland. It is based on a previous work of the same title but is greatly expanded, incorporating information on an additional 285 plant species.

Root-colonizing and soil-borne communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a temperate forest understorey

Botany ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ülle Saks ◽  
John Davison ◽  
Maarja Öpik ◽  
Martti Vasar ◽  
Mari Moora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Amf Communities ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal ◽  
Phylogenetic Dispersion

We analyzed arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities in plant root samples from a natural forest ecosystem — a primeval forest in Järvselja, Estonia. AMF small-subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA genes were subjected to 454-pyrosequencing and BLAST-based taxonomic identification. Seventy-six AMF sequence groups (virtual taxa, VT) were identified from plant roots. Taken together with seven additional VT recorded in an earlier investigation of soil AMF communities at the site, this represents the highest number of AMF reported from a single ecosystem to date. The six study plant species hosted similar AMF communities. However, AMF community composition in plant roots was significantly different from that in soil and considerably more VT were retrieved from roots than from soil. AMF VT identified from plant roots as a whole and from individual plant species were frequently phylogenetically clustered compared with local and global taxon pools, suggesting that nonrandom assembly processes, notably habitat filtering, may have shaped fungal assemblages. In contrast, the phylogenetic dispersion of AMF communities in soil did not differ from random subsets of the local or global taxon pools.

THE FITOACCUMULATION OF MOLYBDENUM AND MANGANESE IN ALSIKE CLOVER (TRIFOLIUM HYBRIDUM L.) AND GREATER PLANTAIN (PLANTAGO MAJOR L.)

2017 ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Małgorzata STOJEK
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Plantago Major ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Menilite Shales

Studies of molybdenum and manganese content in topsoil and plants were carried out in the Beskidy Wschodnie (Carpathians) in area of occurrence of menilite shales and the Otryt sandstones. The aim of the study was to evaluate the content of ­molybdenum and manganese in plants and the determination of a bioaccumulation of these two chemical elements in two species of plants (­Trifolium hybridum L. and Plantago major L.). Mo symbols were performed by means of ICP-MS method, and Mn were analyzed by means of ICP-OES method. Result of studies in the Trifolium hybridum L. have shown higher content of Mo in the area of occurence of menilite shales (in leaves – 14 mg/kg) than in the Otryt sandstones (in leaves – 0.30 mg/kg). Most Mn accumulates in leaves (86–257 mg/kg). The bioaccumulate indicator of Mo in individual plant species is different and ranges from 0.13 to 1.13. The highest rate of ­bioaccumulation of molybdenum (1.13) can be observed in Trifolium hybridum L., which inhabits areas of menilite shales.

Cadmium accumulation and apoplastic and symplastic transport in Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich on cadmium-contaminated soil with the addition of EDTA or NTA

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (59) ◽  
pp. 47584-47591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yicheng Yin ◽  
Yaqin Wang ◽  
Yunguo Liu ◽  
Guangming Zeng ◽  
Xinjiang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Nitrilotriacetic Acid ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Symplastic Transport ◽  
Boehmeria Nivea ◽  
Tolerant Plant ◽  
Cadmium Contaminated Soil

A Cd-tolerant plant species named Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich (ramie) was applied to study its Cd accumulation and translocation mechanisms with the addition of ethylene diamine tetracetic acid (EDTA) or nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document