scholarly journals Guidelines for unequivocal structural identification of compounds with biological activity of significance in food chemistry (IUPAC Technical Report)

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 1417-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell J. Molyneux ◽  
John J. Beck ◽  
Steven M. Colegate ◽  
John A. Edgar ◽  
William Gaffield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Food Chemistry ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Abstract Isolation of endogenous constituents of foods is generally performed in order to elucidate the biological activity of individual compounds and their role with respect to factors such as organoleptic qualities, health and nutritional benefits, plant protection against herbivores, pathogens and competition, and presence of toxic constituents. However, unless such compounds are unequivocally defined with respect to structure and purity, any biological activity data will be compromised. Procedures are therefore proposed for comprehensive elucidation of food-based organic structures using modern spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques. Also included are guidelines for the experimental details and types of data that should be reported in order for subsequent investigators to repeat and validate the work. Because food chemistry usually involves interdisciplinary collaboration, the purpose is to inform chemists and scientists from different fields, such as biological sciences, of common standards for the type and quality of data to be presented in elucidating and reporting structures of biologically active food constituents. The guidelines are designed to be understandable to chemists and non-chemists alike. This will enable unambiguous identification of compounds and ensure that the biological activity is based on a secure structural chemistry foundation.

scholarly journals FLAVONOIDS OF POPULUS BALSAMIFERA PLANTS AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
А. Т. Таkibayeva ◽  
A. A. Amirchan ◽  
A. T. Kalkenova ◽  
I. V. Kulakov
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Active Substances

The work is devoted to the chemical studying of the composition of flavonoids of Populus balsamifera, the isolation of individual compounds, and the establishment of their structure. Balsamic poplar plants are a promising source of many biologically active substances, and in particular, flavonoids. From the buds of Populus balsamifera L. identified four flavonoids with antifungal, antimicrobial antioxidant properties and hepatoprotective activity. Data of flavonoids were isolated by extraction on the soxlet apparatus with 95% ethanol by triple thermal extraction at a temperature of 60 °C, followed by thickening on a rotary evaporator. For isolation from the buds of balsamic poplar, the resulting extract was chromatographed on a column with silica gel of the KSK brand 0.31-0.63 microns, using petroleum ether as eluents petroleum ether-ethyl acetate in various ratios and ethyl acetate. The structure of the isolated compounds was determined by IR, UV, NMR 13C, 1H spectroscopy. The biological activity of the isolated flavonoids was also studied.

Evaluation of Chemotherapeutic Activity of the Selected Bases’ Analogues of Nucleic Acids Supported by ab initio Various Quantum Chemical Calculations

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kawczak ◽  
Leszek Bober ◽  
Tomasz Bączek
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Quantum Chemical Calculations ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Polarizable Continuum Model ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Qsar Models

Background: Pharmacological and physicochemical classification of bases’ selected analogues of nucleic acids is proposed in the study. Objective: Structural parameters received by the PCM (Polarizable Continuum Model) with several types of calculation methods for the structures in vacuo and in the aquatic environment together with the huge set of extra molecular descriptors obtained by the professional software and literature values of biological activity were used to search the relationships. Methods: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) together with Factor Analysis (FA) and Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR) as the types of the chemometric approach based on semi-empirical ab initio molecular modeling studies were performed. Results: The equations with statistically significant descriptors were proposed to demonstrate both the common and differentiating characteristics of the bases' analogues of nucleic acids based on the quantum chemical calculations and biological activity data. Conclusion: The obtained QSAR models can be used for predicting and explaining the activity of studied molecules.

Isoselenocyanates: Synthesis and Their Use for Preparing Selenium-Based Heterocycles

Synthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan H. Bossmann ◽  
Raul Neri
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Multicomponent Reactions ◽  
Oxidative Cyclization ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Organoselenium Compounds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthetic Work

AbstractIsoselenocyanates (ISCs) are a class of organoselenium compounds that have been recognized as potential chemotherapeutic and chemopreventative agents against cancer(s) and infectious diseases. ISC compounds are chemically analogous to their isosteric relatives, isothiocyanates (ITCs); however, they possess increased biological activity, such as enhanced cytotoxicity against cancer cells. ISCs not only serve as significant products, but also as precursors and essential intermediates for a variety of organoselenium compounds, such as selenium-containing heterocycles, which are biologically active. While syntheses of ISCs have become less difficult to accomplish, the syntheses of selenium-containing heterocycles are often difficult due to the use of highly toxic selenium reagents. Because of this, ISCs can serve as versatile reagents for the preparation of these heterocycles. In this review, the classical and recent syntheses of ISCs will be discussed, along with notable and recent synthetic work employing ISCs to access novel selenium-containing heterocycles.1 Introduction1.1 Selenium and Health2 Isoselenocyanates2.1 Preparation of Isoselenocyanates3 Selenium-Containing Heterocycles3.1 Notable Synthetic Work3.2 Recent Synthetic Work3.2.1 Synthesis of N-(3-Methyl-4-phenyl-3H-selenazol-2-ylidene)benzamide­ Derivatives3.2.2 Synthesis and X-ray Studies of Diverse Selenourea Derivatives3.2.3 Synthesis of Heteroarene-Fused [1,2,4]Thiadiazoles/Selenadiazoles via Iodine-Promoted [3+2] Oxidative Cyclization3.2.4 2-Amino-1,3-selenazole Derivatives via Base-Promoted Multicomponent Reactions4 Conclusion

scholarly journals Extraction Techniques and Analytical Methods for Characterization of Active Compounds in Origanum Species

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4735
Author(s):  
Maša Knez Hrnčič ◽  
Darija Cör ◽  
Jana Simonovska ◽  
Željko Knez ◽  
Zoran Kavrakovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Activity Assessment ◽  
Current Contribution ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Phytochemical research based on ethnopharmacology is gaining interest in industries such as functional food, nutraceuticals, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. Plants and plant extracts are a rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites. These compounds are often involved in plant protection against biotic or abiotic stresses. The exploitation of available technologies should be oriented and intensified to extend and enhance the continued usefulness of the plants as renewable sources of chemicals, especially medicinal compounds. This current contribution is focused on extraction and analytical techniques for their isolation from the oregano species, their characterization and their potential antioxidative, as well as their antimicrobial, antifungal and anticarcinogenic properties. The work is structured rendering to the different steps involved in the research; starting with extraction and sample preparation, followed by discussing the analytical techniques employed for the isolation and identification of compound/s responsible for the biological activity and methods and techniques for biological activity assessment.

scholarly journals Solid Dispersions of Anthelmintics and Plant Protection Preparations

Solids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-75
Author(s):  
Salavat S. Khalikov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Poorly Soluble

Because of the rapid development of nanotechnologies, materials, in particular, solid dispersions (SDs), which are actively introduced into the life of modern man, have been obtained. Special progress in this area is observed in industry and medicine. The use of SDs in agriculture is lagging far behind, despite the growing number of scientific papers on this topic. At the same time, the prospects for the introduction of SDs in the agro-industrial complex are obvious. The review presents the results of research on the development of innovative preparations based on SD to protect plants from diseases and pests of cultivated plants, as well as parasiticides to protect animal health based on modern achievements of nanotechnology. One of these technologies is the methods of mechanochemistry, which improve the properties of poorly soluble biologically active substances by their joint mechanical treatment with water-soluble polymers and auxiliary substances.

scholarly journals Isolation, Structure Elucidation, and Biological Activity of a New Alkaloid from Zanthoxylum rhetsa

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601
Author(s):  
Karsten Krohn ◽  
Stephan Cludius-Brandt ◽  
Barbara Schulz ◽  
Mambatta Sreelekha ◽  
Pottachola Mohamed Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Structure Elucidation ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Reduction Product ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Evergreen Tree

Several biologically active alkaloids (1-4, 6), including a new quinazoline-6-carboxylic acid (1), were isolated from the medicinal plant Zanthoxylum rhetsa, an evergreen tree, native to subtropical areas. Whereas the pharmacological properties of the plant extract and single constituents have been widely tested, we now show that all of the metabolites have antialgal activities, all but 6 are antibacterial, and 6 and the reduction product 5 (derived from 4) are also antifungal.

scholarly journals Chemical characterization and biological activity data for a novel indirubin derivative, LDD-1819

Data in Brief ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 104373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woong-Hee Kim ◽  
Pyeonghwa Jeong ◽  
Seon-Wook Kim ◽  
Haaglim Cho ◽  
Jeong-min Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Activity Data

scholarly journals Transforming growth factor alpha: mutation of aspartic acid 47 and leucine 48 results in different biological activities.

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1247-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Lazar ◽  
S Watanabe ◽  
S Dalton ◽  
M B Sporn
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Alpha ◽  
Factor Alpha

To study the relationship between the primary structure of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) and some of its functional properties (competition with epidermal growth factor (EGF) for binding to the EGF receptor and induction of anchorage-independent growth), we introduced single amino acid mutations into the sequence for the fully processed, 50-amino-acid human TGF-alpha. The wild-type and mutant proteins were expressed in a vector by using a yeast alpha mating pheromone promoter. Mutations of two amino acids that are conserved in the family of the EGF-like peptides and are located in the carboxy-terminal part of TGF-alpha resulted in different biological effects. When aspartic acid 47 was mutated to alanine or asparagine, biological activity was retained; in contrast, substitutions of this residue with serine or glutamic acid generated mutants with reduced binding and colony-forming capacities. When leucine 48 was mutated to alanine, a complete loss of binding and colony-forming abilities resulted; mutation of leucine 48 to isoleucine or methionine resulted in very low activities. Our data suggest that these two adjacent conserved amino acids in positions 47 and 48 play different roles in defining the structure and/or biological activity of TGF-alpha and that the carboxy terminus of TGF-alpha is involved in interactions with cellular TGF-alpha receptors. The side chain of leucine 48 appears to be crucial either indirectly in determining the biologically active conformation of TGF-alpha or directly in the molecular recognition of TGF-alpha by its receptor.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document