Physical activity as the main factor affecting body composition of the visually impaired

Physiotherapy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Olszewska ◽  
Anna Jackowiak ◽  
Agnieszka Chwałczyńska ◽  
Krzysztof A. Sobiech
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine how physical activity affected the physical fitness and body composition of the blind and visually impaired.The study included 28 male students from the Lower Silesia Special Educational Centre No. 13 for the Blind and Visually Impaired in Wroclaw, aged 18–22 years, with disability degree certificates. The subjects were divided into two groups: physically active men (TR,Men engaging in additional forms of physical activity presented significant (Additional physical activity undertaken by the visually impaired has a positive effect on their physical fitness, namely and primarily on their flexibility, functional strength, speed, arm movement speed, jumping ability, and the strength of the abdominal muscles. Moreover, additional physical activity significantly affects the overall and segmental body composition in the lower limbs and the right upper limb.

scholarly journals The Motor Development and Motor Skill Levels of 6-Year-Old Children from the Lublin Voivodeship

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Cieśla
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction. The objective of the research was to assess the level of physical development and motor skills of six-yearold children from the Lublin voivodeship against the Polish population. Material and methods. The study included 2144 children, 997 girls and 1134 boys. To assess the level of physical fitness, selected, exercises from the EUROFIT test were used. In addition, children's ability to demonstrate simple motor skills during physical play and games was also assessed. The assessment involved: throwing a bag with the right hand, throwing a ball with both hands, gripping a bag with the right hand, kicking a ball with the right foot, jumping on the right leg and jumping with both feet. In addition, coordination during the exercises was evaluated. For measurement purposes, a four-point scale was used. The reference point was children from a nationwide sample. The results were statistically analyzed using the Student T-test and the nonparametric chi-square test. Results. Children from the Lublin region differ significantly in their level of physical fitness from children of the same age throughout Poland (p≤0.001). They achieved significantly lower results in tests assessing the strength of their arms, abdominal muscles and, the explosive strength of their lower limbs and in two tests evaluating speed (running speed: p≤0.001, hand movement speed: p≤0.001). Only in the test of their sense of balance, did both sexes, obtain significantly better results (p≤0.001). In addition, in the opinion of physical education teachers, children in the Lublin region exhibited significantly lower levels of skill when performing motor tasks. Conclusions. The results suggest that the motor potential of preschool children is being neglected, which seems to be indirectly caused by different factors in the external environment.

Serum Myostatin Levels Are Higher in Fitter, More Active, and Non-Frail Long-Term Nursing Home Residents and Increase after a Physical Exercise Intervention

Gerontology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haritz Arrieta ◽  
Gotzone Hervás ◽  
Chloe Rezola-Pardo ◽  
Fátima Ruiz-Litago ◽  
Miren Iturburu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Activity Level

Background: Myostatin has been proposed as a candidate biomarker for frailty and sarcopenia. However, the relationship of myostatin with these conditions remains inconclusive. Objective: To determine the association of serum myostatin concentration with body composition, physical fitness, physical activity level, and frailty in long-term nursing home residents. We also aimed to ascertain the effect of an exercise program on myostatin levels. Methods: We obtained study data on 112 participants from long-term nursing homes. Participants were randomly assigned to a control or an intervention group and performed a 6-month multicomponent exercise program. Serum myostatin levels were analyzed by ELISA. Assessments also included body composition (anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance), physical fitness (Senior Fitness Test), physical activity level (accelerometry), and frailty (Fried frailty criteria, Clinical Frailty Scale, and Tilburg frailty indicator). Results: The concentration of myostatin at baseline was positively correlated with: a leaner body composition (p < 0.05), and a higher number of steps per day and light and moderate-vigorous physical activity in women (p < 0.005); greater upper and lower limb strength, endurance, and poorer flexibility (p < 0.05) in men; and better performance (less time) in the 8-ft timed up-and-go test in both women (p < 0.01) and men (p < 0.005). We observed higher concentrations of serum myostatin in non-frail than in frail participants (p < 0.05). Additionally, we found that the implemented physical exercise intervention, which was effective to improve physical fitness, increased myostatin concentration in men (p < 0.05) but not in women. The improvements in physical condition were related with increases in serum myostatin only in men (p < 0.05–0.01). Conclusions: Higher serum levels of myostatin were found to be associated with better physical fitness. The improvements in physical fitness after the intervention were positively related to increases in myostatin concentrations in men. These results seem to rule out the idea that high serum myostatin levels are indicative of frailty in long-term nursing home residents. However, although the direction of association was opposite to that expected for the function of myostatin, the use of this protein as a biomarker for physical fitness, rather than frailty, merits further study.

scholarly journals The Interface of Copyright and Human Rights: Access to Copyright Works for the Visually Impaired

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lida Ayoubi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Copyright Laws ◽  
Limitations And Exceptions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Visually Impaired Persons ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Marrakesh Treaty

<p>Reproduction of copyright protected material in formats that are accessible to the blind and visually impaired persons constitutes a copyright infringement unless there are specific limitations and exceptions in place. Most countries do not have copyright limitations and exceptions for the benefit of the visually impaired in their copyright laws. This has contributed to the issue of book famine, meaning the unsatisfactory access to copyright protected material for the blind and visually impaired.  This thesis examines the claims of the visually impaired for improved access to copyright protected works in the context of the interface of human rights and intellectual property rights. This research demonstrates that insufficient access to copyright protected material is discriminatory against the visually impaired and negatively affects their human rights such as the right to education, information, health, employment, culture, and science. Moreover, the thesis analyses the international and domestic copyright law’s impact on the needs of the visually impaired. In analysing the international copyright law, the thesis evaluates the Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works by Visually Impaired Persons and Persons with Print Disabilities.  Highlighting the insufficient consideration for the rights of the visually impaired in domestic and international copyright laws including the Marrakesh Treaty, the thesis proposes adoption of a human rights framework for copyright law to the extent that it affects the human rights of the visually impaired. Such framework requires copyright law to accommodate those human rights of the visually impaired that are dependent on access to copyright protected material.  The thesis offers two categories of measures for creation of a human rights framework for copyright to the extent that it affects the human rights of the visually impaired. The measures include optimisation of already available options and adoption of new mechanisms. The first category discusses minimum mandatory copyright limitations and exceptions and the possibility to harmonise them. The second category covers extra measures such as clarifying the implications of different human rights and copyrights in the context of the book famine; ensuring compatibility of human rights and copyright when adopting policy and law; and, regular monitoring of the impact of copyright law on human rights.</p>

Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Body Composition of Canadian Shift Workers

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Neil-Sztramko ◽  
Carolyn C. Gotay ◽  
Paul A. Demers ◽  
Kristin L. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Shift Workers

scholarly journals Body composition, physical fitness, physical activity and nutrition in Polish and Spanish female students of sports sciences

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. e21-e28
Author(s):  
G.F. López-Sánchez ◽  
Ł. Radzimiński ◽  
M. Skalska ◽  
J. Jastrzębska ◽  
L. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Sports Sciences

Perceived physical fitness mediates the relationship between parental support and physical activity enjoyment in overweight and obese adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-417
Author(s):  
Manuel J De la Torre-Cruz ◽  
Sara Suárez-Manzano ◽  
Sebastián López-Serrano ◽  
Alberto Ruiz-Ariza
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Perceived Parental Support ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Activity Enjoyment

Abstract The relationship between parental support and physical activity enjoyment appears to be mediated by individual-level factors. The aim of this study was to examine whether the relationship between perceived parental support and physical activity enjoyment is mediated by overweight and obese adolescents’ physical fitness, both subjectively and objectively assessed. A total of 163 participants (mean age =14.30 years, 55.8% boys) with an average body mass index of 28.97 kg/m2 took part in this study. Participants completed a questionnaire of parental influence regarding physical activity, a questionnaire of physical self-perception and several fitness tests (cardiorespiratory fitness, lower limbs muscular strength and flexibility) using the ALPHA-fitness battery. The results showed that relationship between perceived parental support and physical activity enjoyment is mediated by the overweight and obese adolescents’ perceived cardiorespiratory fitness and flexibility. We suggest to create educational guidelines for parents to increase the support and improve overweight and obese students’ positive perceived physical competence, in order to achieve a greater adherence to physical activity and greater physical activity enjoyment.

scholarly journals THE RELATION AMONG THE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL DURING LEISURE TIME, ANTHROPOMETRY, BODY COMPOSITION, AND PHYSICAL FITNESS OF WOMEN UNDERWENT OF BARIATRIC SURGERY AND AN EQUIVALENT GROUP WITH NO SURGERY

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caio Machado de Oliveira TERRA ◽  
Caroline Ferraz SIMÕES ◽  
Anselmo Alexandre MENDES ◽  
Ronano Pereira OLIVEIRA ◽  
Rafaela Pilegi DADA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
The Public

ABSTRACT Background: Bariatric surgery is an alternative to the obesity treatment. Aim: To compare anthropometric variables such as body composition and physical fitness of those who performed Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Methods: Were evaluated 108 women. They were subdivided in three groups: those who performed the bariatric surgery by private health insurance (SAS, n=36); by the public health care (SUS, n=36), and an equivalent group which did not perform the surgery (NO, n=36). Were performed physical fitness, anthropometric and body composition tests. Was evaluated the level of physical activity during the leisure period. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups sedentary operated (n=28) and sedentary non-operated (n=13) on anthropometry and fat percentage, being the highest indexes in the group operated. Conclusion: The level of physical activity showed a positive influence related to anthropometric variables, body composition of the individuals who performed the bariatric surgery when compared to the ones non-operated.

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