Urinary incontinence prevalence in the day-by-day life and during sports practice in volleyball athletes: a systematic review

Urinary incontinence (UI) is perceived as a problem that affects older and multiparous women. However, recent studies report that involuntary loss of urine also affects athletes, young and nulliparous. There is controversy over the role of exercise in UI. Thus the purpose of the review is to describe and evaluate scientific evidence concerning the prevalence of UI in female volleyball athletes.The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The selected databases were PubMed, LILACS, PEDro, Medline, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect. The searches were performed between December 2016 and January 2017. The descriptors and Boolean operators used in the search were as follows: ‘urinary incontinence AND athletes AND volleyball.’ After peer evaluation, 47 studies were identified, and 6 articles were selected for review. The methodological evaluation was based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE).The review identified the UI prevalence of 9–30% during sports practice and 17–18% in the day-by-day life. Practising physical exercise of high impact appears to be a causing factor of UI in women.Practising volleyball in the female population can be an important UI risk factor. Owing to the high prevalence of UI, coaches and athletes must be aware of the importance of training the pelvic floor muscles simultaneously with the sports practice.

Physical activity as the main factor affecting body composition of the visually impaired

The aim of the study was to determine how physical activity affected the physical fitness and body composition of the blind and visually impaired.The study included 28 male students from the Lower Silesia Special Educational Centre No. 13 for the Blind and Visually Impaired in Wroclaw, aged 18–22 years, with disability degree certificates. The subjects were divided into two groups: physically active men (TR,Men engaging in additional forms of physical activity presented significant (Additional physical activity undertaken by the visually impaired has a positive effect on their physical fitness, namely and primarily on their flexibility, functional strength, speed, arm movement speed, jumping ability, and the strength of the abdominal muscles. Moreover, additional physical activity significantly affects the overall and segmental body composition in the lower limbs and the right upper limb.

Effect of right sidelying respiratory left adductor pull back exercise in subjects with iliotibial band tightness

Many of the impairments associated with lumbo-pelvic-femoral conditions, like tightness of the iliotibial band, may be bound with postural asymmetry, abnormal chain pattern, and restriction of the range of motion. Although physical therapists currently utilize the right sidelying respiratory left adductor pull back (RSRLAPB) technique for numerous musculoskeletal conditions, there is little research published on the efficacy of the technique. Therefore, this study explored the effect of RSRLAPB exercise on hip adduction angle in subjects with iliotibial band tightness.The total of 30 participants (16 males, 14 females) were recruited on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and randomized into two groups. Group 1 (experimental group) received moist heat pack, stretching, and RSRLAPB exercise for 3 weeks, while in group 2 (control group), moist heat pack and stretching were applied for 3 weeks. Both groups were tested at baseline and post-intervention for hip adduction angle.Statistically significant differences in hip adduction angle were observed between groups 1 and 2 (The results revealed that RSRLAPB exercise not only improves limited hip adduction in subjects with iliotibial band tightness but also rectifies postural asymmetry and establishes normal respiratory pattern.

The impact of flexion or extension movement transfer pattern on the performance of sit-to-stand task in asymptomatic young subjects

To assess the mode of sit-to-stand (STS) task performed in a habitual manner or with flexion or extension pattern transfer in asymptomatic young subjects. It was hypothesized that different initial movements of the lumbar-pelvic region would modify the performance of the STS task: coordination of STS in time and level of vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF).A convenience sample of 30 young asymptomatic volunteers, both genders, was recruited. The STS task was performed in a habitual manner or with a flexion or extension pattern. A Kistler platform was used to measure the VGRF and time of STS phases.ANOVAs analysis revealed the main effect in the total time and in maximum VGRF during the STS manoeuvre in three STS tasks (F(2, 58) = 21.67–30.74;The extension or flexion movement pattern modified STS performance and displayed different coordination in time and level of VGRF. Young asymptomatic participants performed the STS task longer with flexion or extension pattern than in the habitual pattern. The extension pattern of STS had the capacity to produce the lowest VGRF.

Psychological consequences of multiple sclerosis and assistance possibilities

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. It is a chronic, unpredictable and pleomorphic disease, with a variety of symptoms and diverse course, which changes the life of the patient, their family and relatives. Therefore, the analysis of the nature and individuality of psychological issues in MS has become an important aspect for health professionals. Psychological consequences may occur before, during, or after the diagnosis. The adaptation process, mental changes observed in patients and how they live their lives with a chronic disease are very individual in character. The disease and its sequelae are so stressful that they cause dramatic changes which are contrary to the previous development, to the image of self. The quality of life in MS patients is conditioned not only in physical but also in psychological terms; thus there is a necessity to seek treatment, support, and specialist rehabilitation of patients in relation to psychological help. The full rehabilitation program should represent a holistic approach to the patient and include physical, cognitive, emotional, personal, and social aspects.

Assessment of fundamental movement patterns and risk of injury in male soccer players

Introduction. The aim of the study was to assess the functional status of male soccer players in different age groups who played on different surfaces. Methods. The study included 45 soccer players aged 13-35 years. Among them, 15 were junior players, 15 were players of the senior Silesia-Opole 3rd league (SL), and 15 were senior players in the futsal Extra Class league (SF). The functional status and basic motor skills were assessed according to the results obtained in seven motor tasks included in the Functional Movement Screen™ (FMS) test. Results. The mean total scores in the FMS test were statistically significantly higher among both senior futsal and senior 3

The impact of compression garments on the quality of life in patients with chronic venous disease

Introduction. Assessment of quality of life in patients suffering from chronic venous disease of the lower extremity who were treated with compression garments. Methods. Patients of both sexes aged 30-75 years with chronic venous disease and at least varices, but without active ulceration, were qualified for the study. To assess the quality of life, the CIVIQ-20 questionnaire was used before and after 4 weeks of compression therapy with second class compression. Results. The combined results of the CIVIQ scale rose from 61.49% before compression to 75.17% after 4 weeks of compression therapy (p 0.01). No correlation was found between sex, age, career status or type of work and the averaged CIVIQ score. Conclusions. Compression therapy with special garments significantly improves the quality of life in patients with chronic venous disease. Larger studies are still needed in this field.

Usefulness of intermittent pneumatic compression in medicine

Many studies exist that document the use of intermittent pneumatic compression in lymphedema, venous ulcers, prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis and limb ischaemia. This article discusses the basics and usefulness of this therapy on the basis of available studies and recommendations. As the method is characterized by lack of serious side effects, good patient compliance, and high effectiveness, intermittent pneumatic compression should be taken into consideration as an alternative or additional treatment in many conditions.

Impact of personality-oriented programs of physical rehabilitation on the heart rate variability in women with post-mastectomy syndrome

Introduction. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of personality-oriented physical rehabilitation programs on the heart rate variability in women with post-mastectomy syndrome. Methods. The following methods were applied: theoretical analysis of scientific and methodologic literature data, heart rate variability analysis, and mathematical statistical methods. The subjects of the study were 50 women with late symptoms of post-mastectomy syndrome. The study was conducted during the ambulatory rehabilitation stage after Madden radical mastectomy. All the indicators of the heart rate variability were equivalent in the main and comparison groups at the beginning of rehabilitation. The impact of training was examined every 6 months over the course of a year. Results. Measurements were taken three times: at the beginning of rehabilitation and after 6 and 12 months. It was found that most of the investigated parameters of heart rate variability in both groups steadily improved during the year of rehabilitation. The average values of stress index and amplitude of mode after 12 months of rehabilitation were lower in the main group than in the comparison group but the values of the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals and the very low-frequency component of the spectrum were better by 6.48 ms (p < 0.05) and 203.29 ms2 (p < 0.05), respectively. Conclusions. The personality-oriented programs of physical rehabilitation were effective in augmenting heart rate variability and restoring autonomic balance in patients with post-mastectomy syndrome.

Functional outcomes in relation with the progression level in young degenerative disc disease patients

Introduction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the functional outcomes in degenerative disc disease patients by the type of herniation. Methods. The study covered 48 individuals (28 females and 20 males) aged 18-35 years who were found with a degenerative disc disease in lumbar spine (protrusion or extrusion according to the American Society of Neuroradiology). The participants were divided into two groups by the type of herniation: the protrusion and the extrusion group. The functional outcome was assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) questionnaire and the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Results. Statistically significant differences were shown in ODI scores in both groups. The extrusion group demonstrated a 7.6% higher level of functional disability related to lumbar spine pain when compared with the protrusion group. The NRS results were not statistically significant between the groups. A statistically significant difference was observed between the groups during standing position, during sleep and in sex life. Respectively a 27%, 32%, and 28% greater number of individuals in the extrusion group reported problems related to these three daily activities when compared with the protrusion group. Conclusions. Our study results revealed statistically significant differences in general ODI scores between the groups. Moreover, patients with protruded lumbar disc showed better outcomes in routine activities when compared with the extrusion group.