scholarly journals Understandable and trustworthy explainable robots: A sensemaking perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-30
Author(s):  
Guglielmo Papagni ◽  
Sabine Koeszegi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solution ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
The Core ◽  
Human Understanding ◽  
Approximate Nature

AbstractThis article discusses the fundamental requirements for making explainable robots trustworthy and comprehensible for non-expert users. To this extent, we identify three main issues to solve: the approximate nature of explanations, their dependence on the interaction context and the intrinsic limitations of human understanding. The article proposes an organic solution for the design of explainable robots rooted in a sensemaking perspective. The establishment of contextual interaction boundaries, combined with the adoption of plausibility as the main criterion for the evaluation of explanations and of interactive and multi-modal explanations, forms the core of this proposal.

Colloidal Preparation of γ-Fe2O3@Au [core@shell] Nanoparticles

2003 ◽  
Vol 774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiye Fang ◽  
Jibao He ◽  
Eun Young Shin ◽  
Deborah Grimm ◽  
Charles J. O'Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Core ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Solution Synthesis ◽  
Organic Solution ◽  
Shell Nanoparticles ◽  
The Core ◽  
Promising Application ◽  
Core Shell Structure ◽  
Core Shell Nanoparticles

Abstractγ-Fe2O3@Au core-shell nanoparticles were prepared through a combined route, in which high temperature organic solution synthesis and colloidal microemulsion techniques were successively applied. High magnification of TEM reveals the core-shell structure. The presence of Au on the surface of as-prepared particles is also confirmed by UV-Vis absorption. The magnetic core-shell nanoparticles offer a promising application in bio- and medical systems.

scholarly journals Between Self-awareness and Descent: Constructing Lithuanian Identity in Re-established Lithuania, 1988–1993

Lituanistica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Daukšas
Keyword(s):  
General Framework ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
National Belonging ◽  
Core Element ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of

The early years of the independence of the Lithuanian state in the last decade of the twentieth century witnessed the construction of the nationhood through the evolving definition of “we” and “the other” in the nation. The Lithuanian diaspora took an active part in the discussions of defining one’s belonging to a nation. The core element in the discussion was the Law on Citizenship of the Republic Lithuania of 1991, which could be seen as a tool for classification of the population in defining an individual’s belonging to the nation. In this law, gradual clarification of the notion of the Lithuanian descent could be seen as inclusion of the diaspora in the category of ‘we’ in the general framework of the nationhood. The analysis of media articles of that period gives a vivid picture of the process of the construction of national belonging and reveals quite innovative interpretations of belonging proposed by the diaspora. Lithuanian émigrés questioned the established assumption in nationalist thinking that regarded the territory as the main precondition for belonging to a nation; instead, they suggested definitions of belonging based on common self-awareness, language, and the like, but their main criterion was the Lithuanian descent.

Gadamer, Hans-Georg (1900–2002)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Wright
Keyword(s):  
Being And Time ◽  
Philosophical Hermeneutics ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Paul Celan ◽  
The Core ◽  
Human Understanding ◽  
Important Publication ◽  
Truth And Method ◽  
Absolute Knowledge ◽  
Hans Georg Gadamer

Hans-Georg Gadamer is best known for his philosophical hermeneutics. Gadamer studied with Martin Heidegger during his preparation of Being and Time (1927). Like Heidegger, Gadamer rejects the idea of hermeneutics as merely a method for the human and historical sciences comparable to the method of the natural sciences. Philosophical hermeneutics is instead about a process of human understanding that is inevitably circular because we come to understand the whole through the parts and the parts through the whole. Understanding in this sense is not an ‘act’ that can be secured methodically and verified objectively. It is an ‘event’ or ‘experience’ that we undergo. It occurs paradigmatically in our experience of works of art and literature. But it also takes place in our disciplined and scholarly study of the works of other human beings in the humanities and social sciences. In each case, understanding brings self-understanding. Philosophical hermeneutics advocates a mediated approach to self-understanding on the model of a conversation with the texts and works of others. The concept of dialogue employed here is one of question and answer and is taken from Plato. Such understanding never becomes absolute knowledge. It is finite because we remain conditioned by our historical situation, and partial because we are interested in the truth that we come to understand. By grounding understanding in language and dialogue as opposed to subjectivity, Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics avoids the danger of arbitrariness in interpreting the works of others. Gadamer’s most important publication is Wahrheit und Methode (Truth and Method) (1960). He also published four volumes of short works, Kleine Schriften (1967–77), containing important hermeneutical studies of Plato, Hegel, and Paul Celan among others. His many books and essays are collected into ten volumes (Gesammelte Werke). Gadamer was widely known as a teacher who practised the dialogue which is at the core of his philosophical hermeneutics.

Hume’s Skeptical Realism

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
External World ◽  
Absolute Space ◽  
Causal Powers ◽  
External Reality ◽  
The Core ◽  
Human Understanding ◽  
Academic Skepticism

The author argues that the core of Hume’s Academic skepticism lies in his commitment to an external world and objective causal powers that are cognitively opaque to human understanding. Three central topics of Hume’s theory of the understanding are discussed—the existence of absolute space, the existence of a world external to our senses, and the existence of objective causal powers. In each case, Hume draws a Pyrrhonian opposition between judgments based on his “Copy Principle” and the “fictions” or “illusions” formed through association of ideas. While he suspends judgment concerning the existence of absolute space, he argues that the association-based beliefs in an external world and objective causal powers are necessary for human life and indispensible in science. In adopting such beliefs about external reality, while at the same time denying their intelligibility, Hume was following ancient Academic skepticism.

Semeiotic logic or, deduction, induction, and semeiotic

Semiotica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (222) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Michael Sabre
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Proof ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Modus Ponens ◽  
The Core ◽  
Human Understanding

AbstractDeduction, induction, and semeiotic relate by each being a permutation of modus ponens. As deduction providing necessary inference is the means of mathematical proof, and induction establishing sound generalizations is the basis of scientific research, so semeiotic bringing to bear informed responses to experience is the core of human understanding. Semeiotic, specifically semeiosis, is shown to be Peircean abduction in the context of signs, thus producing informed response to experience.

Liberalism in Lockean Linguistics

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Talbot J. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
John Locke ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Linguistic Communication ◽  
The Core ◽  
Human Understanding ◽  
Semiotic Freedom ◽  
Political Norms ◽  
The Relationship

Summary In the Essay concerning human understanding (1690) John Locke (1632–1704) suggests that man misunderstands the relationship between ideas, words, and things, assuming that there exists a ‘double conformity’. This assumption is at the core of our misunderstanding of our epistemological status, the misunderstanding from which Locke must free his readers if they are to grasp the foundations of human knowledge. To this extent Locke is a communicational sceptic. He believes that the linguistic communication of ideas is ‘imperfect’. Left to our natural powers to form ideas and signify them by words, we will too often fail to convey our thoughts to our hearers. The remedy to this ‘imperfection’ is for us to constrain the exercise of our linguistic powers. There is thus an interesting parallel between the structure of Locke’s discussion of language in the Essay and his discussion of political power in the Second Treatise on Government (1689). In the latter Locke then traces the roots of political norms to the individual’s sacrifice of a share of their own natural freedoms and powers to political authority, so that social anarchy can be avoided. In the same way the normative prescriptions offered in the Essay, by restricting the individual’s basic linguistic freedom, are designed to avoid the communicational anarchy that would result if all individuals exercised their linguistic freedom to express themselves as they choose. Locke thus takes communication to occur, not as a result of chance or of a pre-existing conformity between words and ideas, but rather as a result of the linguistic agent’s voluntary constraint of his/her semiotic freedom.

scholarly journals Cover versions as an impact indicator in popular music: A quantitative network analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250212
Author(s):  
José Luis Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
Network Graph ◽  
Impact Indicator ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Core ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Cover Songs ◽  
Network Metrics

In contemporary popular music, covering or adapting previous songs signals a tribute or reworking of popular hits, which implies acknowledgement of the original musicians. This connection can be interpreted as a form of musical impact among artists. A network graph with more than 106k artists and 855k cover versions extracted from the web site SecondHandSongs was created. The objective is to explore the shape of this network, identify the most relevant artists according to different impact measurements and to visualize connections between music genres. This analysis is done from a longitudinal perspective with the aim of understanding how cover versions can inform us about the history of the contemporary popular music. Results show that the number of covers by artist is skewed distributed, diminishing gradually since the 1950s. Different network metrics have allowed to identify the most covered (weighted indegree), the most influential (PageRank) and the most crossover artists (weighted betweenness centrality). The network graph also shows that genre affinity is the main criterion for covering songs between artists, language being the second. Remakes from other genres reflect that Jazz and Pop/Rock are the most influential because they emerge stronger and form the core of their respective sub-networks. Cover songs describe two cycles. In a first phase from 1900s to 1950s, dominated by Jazz and Vocal artists, the covers are more frequent and associated with the notion of reworking (e.g. jazz standards); in a second stage, since the 1950s, when the Pop/Rock emerges, cover songs are less common and seen as tribute.

scholarly journals TOGOG & SEMAR: DEHUMANIZATION, ANTI-HUMAN, POST-HUMAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Imam Setyobudi
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The Core ◽  
Human Understanding ◽  
Shadow Play

The core of Wayang stories (Mahabharata, Bharatayuda, Ramayana) is the reflection of human that is always continuously in crisis and emergency situations and conditions. Tragic. Wayang stories raise humanity problems so that the existences of human conception experience the perpetuity of dehumanization, existential instability and ambiguous. The killing of the essence of the human existence purpose on earth. It is an issue fundamentally of anti-human.Shadow play perspective does not rest on human understanding or Knight  (Pandawa, Kurawa, Rama, Giant), the heaven God (Bathara Guru), and/or Prabu Khresna, incarnation of Wisnhu God. Wayang stories evoke Togog and Semar angle. Liyan. Grassroots. The general public. Amorphous: No Man is not a knight instead of a brahmana is not god instead of giant.Arises a question that is closely related to the presence of Togog and Semar. Why do shadow play stories present the figure of the them, while the authentic story of the Mahabharata and Ramayana India version does not exist at all? Are Togog and Semar truly actualization of post-human aesthetic and post-human anthropology ideas?The substance of this writing ask us to discuss regarding the idea of Togog and Semar in shadow play into the realm of post-human discourse as a result of dehumanization signs in the frame of shadow play stories. The main focus of the discussion focused on the position of Togog and Semar as the figure as linuwih or great beyond human (knight) and god. Study restriction on the context of Purwa Java Gagrak Jogja and Solo wayang; similarly in East Java, Sunda and Bali, there are also those two figures. 

What face familiarity feelings say about the lateralization of specific entities within the core system

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Gainotti
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory System ◽  
Core System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
The Right

Abstract The target article carefully describes the memory system, centered on the temporal lobe that builds specific memory traces. It does not, however, mention the laterality effects that exist within this system. This commentary briefly surveys evidence showing that clear asymmetries exist within the temporal lobe structures subserving the core system and that the right temporal structures mainly underpin face familiarity feelings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document