scholarly journals Utilization of spent dregs for the production of activated carbon for CO2 adsorption

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Serafin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Density Functional Theory Method ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Adsorption ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Abstract The objective of this work was preparation of activated carbon from spent dregs for carbon dioxide adsorption. A saturated solution of KOH was used as an activating agent. Samples were carbonized in the furnace at the temperature of 550°C. Textural properties of activated carbons were obtained based on the adsorption-desorption isotherms of nitrogen at −196°C and carbon dioxide at 0°C. The specific surface areas of activated carbons were calculated by the Brunauer – Emmett – Teller equation. The volumes of micropores were obtained by density functional theory method. The highest CO2 adsorption was 9.54 mmol/cm3 at 0°C – and 8.50 mmol/cm3 at 25°C.

scholarly journals Effects of Gasifying Agents on the Characterization of Nut Shell-derived Activated Carbon

1995 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Nguyen ◽  
A. Ahmadpour ◽  
D.D. Do
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Benzene Adsorption ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Activating Agent ◽  
Micropore Size ◽  
Adsorptive Properties ◽  
Insight Into

Activated carbon was prepared from nut shells using a conventional two-stage method: carbonization followed by activation. Activation with steam or carbon dioxide as activating agent produced a range of chars of different burn-off. These were characterized for their total and micropore surface areas, and benzene adsorption capacity. Benzene adsorption measurement provided an insight into the effect of porosity development on the adsorptive properties of the adsorbent. It was found that activated carbon products from nut shells were comparable, in terms of adsorption characteristics, with activated carbons from other lignocellulosic precursors. The evolution of porosity of the resulting carbons shows that carbon dioxide is the preferable agent for the production of activated carbon with a narrow micropore size distribution.

scholarly journals CO2 and CH4 Adsorption Behavior of Biomass-Based Activated Carbons

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deneb Peredo-Mancilla ◽  
Imen Ghouma ◽  
Cecile Hort ◽  
Camelia Matei Ghimbeu ◽  
Mejdi Jeguirim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Micropore Volume ◽  
Activation Method ◽  
Physical Activation

The aim of the present work is to study the effect of different activation methods for the production of a biomass-based activated carbon on the CO 2 and CH 4 adsorption. The influence of the activation method on the adsorption uptake was studied using three activated carbons obtained by different activation methods (H 3 PO 4 chemical activation and H 2 O and CO 2 physical activation) of olive stones. Methane and carbon dioxide pure gas adsorption experiments were carried out at two working temperatures (303.15 and 323.15 K). The influence of the activation method on the adsorption uptake was studied in terms of both textural properties and surface chemistry. For the three adsorbents, the CO 2 adsorption was more important than that of CH 4 . The chemically-activated carbon presented a higher specific surface area and micropore volume, which led to a higher adsorption capacity of both CO 2 and CH 4 . For methane adsorption, the presence of mesopores facilitated the diffusion of the gas molecules into the micropores. In the case of carbon dioxide adsorption, the presence of more oxygen groups on the water vapor-activated carbon enhanced its adsorption capacity.

scholarly journals Activated Carbons Tailored to Remove Different Pollutants from Gas Streams and from Solution

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. El-Nabarawy ◽  
M.R. Mostafa ◽  
A.M. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Gas Streams ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Flow Techniques

Non-activated carbon ‘A’, physically-activated carbons P1–P4, zinc chloride-activated carbons Z1–Z4 and potassium sulphide-activated carbons K1–K4 were prepared from Maghara coal (Sinai, Egypt). The surface areas of these carbons were determined by investigating the adsorption of carbon dioxide at 298 K and of nitrogen at 77 K. The decolourization powers of the carbons were determined from methylene blue adsorption at 308 K. The adsorption of methanol, benzene, n-hexane, n-octane and α-pinene at 308 K was also determined using equilibrium and flow techniques. The removal of ammonia and phenol from water was investigated on some selected samples. The activated carbons showed high capacities towards the removal of organic pollutants from water and from gas streams via adsorption. Their capacity towards a particular pollutant depends on the method of activation and is related to the textural and/or the chemistry of the carbon surface.

scholarly journals Theoretical studies on carbon dioxide adsorption in cation-exchanged molecular sieves

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (53) ◽  
pp. 32241-32248
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Wanling Shen ◽  
Han Sun ◽  
Lingchuang Meng ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Zeolite Y ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Adsorption ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Adsorption Of Co ◽  
Adsorption Energies

Density functional theory was used to study the adsorption of CO2 in cation-exchanged zeolite Y, ZSM-5, CHA and A. The adsorption energies and the interactions of cations on various zeolitic topologies towards CO2 molecule was discussed.

scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide Adsorption and Decolourizing Power of Activated Carbons Prepared from Pistacia Shells

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Hourieh ◽  
M.N. Alaya ◽  
A.M. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Pore Widening

A series of activated carbons ‘Z’ was prepared from Aleppo Pistacia Vera shells using different percentages of zinc chloride at 873 K in the absence of air. Another series ‘ZN’ was prepared using the same conditions as for the ‘Z’ series but employing a nitrogen atmosphere to effect carbonization. The textural properties of the two series of samples were determined from the adsorption of carbon dioxide and methylene blue at 298 K. Activated carbons with a high adsorptive capacity for methylene blue were obtained. Activation with zinc chloride proceeded with increasing microporosity via the creation of new micropores. At high percentages of zinc chloride, slight partial pore widening may take place. Carbon dioxide was accessible to the entire pore system and was therefore suitable as a probe for the investigation of the textural properties of the activated carbons studied. A fraction of the porosity was inaccessible to methylene blue molecules and consequently lower surface areas were calculated from the adsorption of this dye molecule.

Influence of intramolecular interactions on carbon dioxide gas adsorption capacity in Mesoporous Imine polymers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya Prakash Madda ◽  
Pilli Govindaiah ◽  
Sushant Kumar Jena ◽  
Sabbhavat Krishna ◽  
Rupak Kishor
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Intramolecular Interactions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Adsorption ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Adsorption Characteristic

<p>Covalent organic Imine polymers with intrinsic meso-porosity were synthesized by condensation reaction between 4,4-diamino diphenyl methane and (para/meta/ortho)-phthaladehyde. Even though these polymers were synthesized from precursors of bis-bis covalent link mode, the bulk materials were micrometer size particles with intrinsic mesoporous enables nitrogen as well as carbon dioxide adsorption in the void spaces. These polymers were showed stability up to 260<sup>o</sup> centigrade. Nitrogen gas adsorption capacity up to 250 cc/g in the ambient pressure was observed with type III adsorption characteristic nature. Carbon dioxide adsorption experiments reveal the possible terminal amine functional group to carbamate with CO<sub>2</sub> gas molecule to the polymers. One of the imine polymers, COP-3 showed more carbon dioxide sorption capacity and isosteric heat of adsorption (Q<sub>st</sub>) than COP-1 and COP-2 at 273 K even though COP-3 had lower porosity for nitrogen gas than COP-1 and COP-2. We explained the trends in gas adsorption capacities and Qst values as a consequence of the intra molecular interactions confirmed by Density Functional Theory computational experiments on small molecular fragments.</p>

scholarly journals Computer Analysis of the Effect of Activation Temperature on the Microporous Structure Development of Activated Carbon Derived from Common Polypody

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2951
Author(s):  
Mirosław Kwiatkowski ◽  
Jarosław Serafin ◽  
Andy M. Booth ◽  
Beata Michalkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Computer Analysis ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Microporous Structure ◽  
Activation Temperature

This paper presents the results of a computer analysis of the effect of activation process temperature on the development of the microporous structure of activated carbon derived from the leaves of common polypody (Polypodium vulgare) via chemical activation with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) at activation temperatures of 700, 800, and 900 °C. An unconventional approach to porous structure analysis, using the new numerical clustering-based adsorption analysis (LBET) method together with the implemented unique gas state equation, was used in this study. The LBET method is based on unique mathematical models that take into account, in addition to surface heterogeneity, the possibility of molecule clusters branching and the geometric and energy limitations of adsorbate cluster formation. It enabled us to determine a set of parameters comprehensively and reliably describing the porous structure of carbon material on the basis of the determined adsorption isotherm. Porous structure analyses using the LBET method were based on nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4) adsorption isotherms determined for individual activated carbon. The analyses carried out showed the highest CO2 adsorption capacity for activated carbon obtained was at an activation temperature of 900 °C, a value only slightly higher than that obtained for activated carbon prepared at 700 °C, but the values of geometrical parameters determined for these activated carbons showed significant differences. The results of the analyses obtained with the LBET method were also compared with the results of iodine number analysis and the results obtained with the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Dubinin–Radushkevich (DR), and quenched solid density functional theory (QSDFT) methods, demonstrating their complementarity.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Impact of the Amount of Potassium Hydroxide on the Porous Structure Development of Activated Carbons

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2045
Author(s):  
Mirosław Kwiatkowski ◽  
Elżbieta Broniek ◽  
Vanessa Fierro ◽  
Alain Celzard
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Homogeneous Surface ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the results of an evaluation of the impact of the amount of potassium hydroxide on the obtained porous structure of the activated carbons derived from the shells of pistachios, hazelnuts, and pecans by carbonization and subsequent chemical activation with potassium hydroxide by different adsorption methods: Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, Dubinin–Raduskevich, the new numerical clustering-based adsorption analysis, Quenched Solid Density Functional Theory, and 2D-Non-linear Density Functional Theory for Heterogeneous Surfaces, applied to nitrogen adsorption isotherms at −196 °C. Based on the conducted research, a significant potential for the production of activated carbons from waste materials, such as nut shells, has been demonstrated. All the activated carbons obtained in the present study at the activator/char mass ratio R = 4 exhibited the most developed porous structure, and thus very good adsorption properties. However, activated carbons obtained from pecan shells deserve special attention, as they were characterized by the most homogeneous surface among all the samples analyzed, i.e., by a very desirable feature in most adsorption processes. The paper demonstrates the necessity of using different methods to analyze the porous structure of activated carbons in order to obtain a complete picture of the studied texture. This is because only a full spectrum of information allows for correctly selecting the appropriate technology and conditions for the production of activated carbons dedicated to specific industrial applications. As shown in this work, relying only on the simplest methods of adsorption isotherm analysis can lead to erroneous conclusions due to lack of complete information on the analyzed porous structure. This work thus also explains how and why the usual characterizations of the porous structure of activated carbons derived from lignocellulosic biomass should not be taken at face value. On the contrary, it is advisable to cross reference several models to get a precise idea of the adsorbent properties of these materials, and therefore to propose the most suitable production technology, as well as the conditions of the preparation process.

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