scholarly journals CO2 and CH4 Adsorption Behavior of Biomass-Based Activated Carbons

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deneb Peredo-Mancilla ◽  
Imen Ghouma ◽  
Cecile Hort ◽  
Camelia Matei Ghimbeu ◽  
Mejdi Jeguirim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Micropore Volume ◽  
Activation Method ◽  
Physical Activation

The aim of the present work is to study the effect of different activation methods for the production of a biomass-based activated carbon on the CO 2 and CH 4 adsorption. The influence of the activation method on the adsorption uptake was studied using three activated carbons obtained by different activation methods (H 3 PO 4 chemical activation and H 2 O and CO 2 physical activation) of olive stones. Methane and carbon dioxide pure gas adsorption experiments were carried out at two working temperatures (303.15 and 323.15 K). The influence of the activation method on the adsorption uptake was studied in terms of both textural properties and surface chemistry. For the three adsorbents, the CO 2 adsorption was more important than that of CH 4 . The chemically-activated carbon presented a higher specific surface area and micropore volume, which led to a higher adsorption capacity of both CO 2 and CH 4 . For methane adsorption, the presence of mesopores facilitated the diffusion of the gas molecules into the micropores. In the case of carbon dioxide adsorption, the presence of more oxygen groups on the water vapor-activated carbon enhanced its adsorption capacity.

scholarly journals Pinecone-Derived Activated Carbons as an Effective Medium for Hydrogen Storage

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2237
Author(s):  
Sara Stelitano ◽  
Giuseppe Conte ◽  
Alfonso Policicchio ◽  
Alfredo Aloise ◽  
Giovanni Desiderio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Hydrogen Adsorption ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometry

Pinecones, a common biomass waste, has an interesting composition in terms of cellulose and lignine content that makes them excellent precursors in various activated carbon production processes. The synthesized, nanostructured, activated carbon materials show textural properties, a high specific surface area, and a large volume of micropores, which are all features that make them suitable for various applications ranging from the purification of water to energy storage. Amongst them, a very interesting application is hydrogen storage. For this purpose, activated carbon from pinecones were prepared using chemical activation with different KOH/precursor ratios, and their hydrogen adsorption capacity was evaluated at liquid nitrogen temperatures (77 K) at pressures of up to 80 bar using a Sievert’s type volumetric apparatus. Regarding the comprehensive characterization of the samples’ textural properties, the measurement of the surface area was carried out using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method, the chemical composition was investigated using wavelength-dispersive spectrometry, and the topography and long-range order was estimated using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The hydrogen adsorption properties of the activated carbon samples were measured and then fitted using the Langmuir/ Töth isotherm model to estimate the adsorption capacity at higher pressures. The results showed that chemical activation induced the formation of an optimal pore size distribution for hydrogen adsorption centered at about 0.5 nm and the proportion of micropore volume was higher than 50%, which resulted in an adsorption capacity of 5.5 wt% at 77 K and 80 bar; this was an increase of as much as 150% relative to the one predicted by the Chahine rule.

Novel Low-Cost Activated Carbon from Coconut Shell and its Adsorptive Characteristics for Carbon Dioxide

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 240-244
Author(s):  
Nor Adilla Rashidi ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Azry Borhan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Activation Process

The objective of this research is to synthesize the microporous activated carbon and test its applicability for CO2gas capture. In this study, coconut shell-based and commercial activated carbon is used as the solid adsorbent. Based on the findings, it shows that the gas adsorption capacity is correlated to the total surface area of the materials. In addition, reduction in the adsorption capacity with respect to temperature proves that the physisorption process is dominant. Higher carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption capacity in comparison to nitrogen (N2) capacity contributes to higher CO2/N2selectivity, and confirms its applicability in the post-combustion process. Utilization of abundance agricultural wastes and one-step physical activation process is attractive as it promotes a cleaner pathway for activated carbon production, and simultaneously, reduces the total operating cost.

Activated Carbon Prepared from Date Pits for the Retention of NO2 at Low Temperature

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 717-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohra Belala ◽  
Meriem Belhachemi ◽  
Mejdi Jeguirim
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Date Pits

Abstract Activated carbons were prepared from date pits by physical activation with CO2 and the textural properties were investigated by BET and D-R methods with N2 and CO2 adsorption isotherms. The interaction of the NO2 with activated carbon was examined at ambient temperature and the effect of operating conditions such as temperature and inlet gas compositions was also examined. It was observed that the development of porosity with increasing time of activation favours the adsorption capacity of NO2. The maximum adsorption capacity reached was about 107 mg/g, which is higher than several activated carbon prepared from classical lignocellulosic biomass. However, a slight decrease of NO2 adsorption capacity was observed with increasing temperature. The addition of oxygen into the inlet gas gave rise to an increase in amount adsorbed of NO2.

scholarly journals CO2 and CH4 Adsorption Behavior of Biomass Based Activated Carbons

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deneb Peredo-Mancilla ◽  
Imen Ghouma ◽  
Cecile Hort ◽  
Camelia Matei Ghimbeu ◽  
Mejdi Jeguirim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Micropore Volume ◽  
Adsorption Behavior ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Ch4 Adsorption ◽  
Oxygen Groups ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The aim of the present study is to provide new insights into the CO2 and CH4 adsorption using a set of biomass-based activated carbons obtained by physical and chemical activation of olive-stones. The adsorption behavior is analyzed by means of pure gas adsorption isotherms up to 3.2 MPa at two temperatures (303.15 and 323.15 K).The influence of the activation method on the adsorption uptake is studied in terms of both textural properties and surface chemistry. For three activated carbons the CO2 adsorption was more important than that of CH4. The chemically activation resulted in higher BET surface area and micropore volume that lead to higher adsorption for both CO2 and CH4. For methane the presence of mesopores seems to facilitate the access of the gas molecules into the micropores while for carbon dioxide, the presence of oxygen groups enhanced the adsorption capacity.

Analisis Variasi Temperatur Aktivasi Terhadap Daya Serap Arang Aktif Tandan Aren (Arenga Pinnata Merr) Dengan Agen Aktivasi Potassium Silicate(K2SiO3)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azam ◽  
Muhammad Anas ◽  
Erniwati Erniwati
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Pyrolysis Reactor

This study aims to determine the effect of variation of activation temperature of activated carbon from sugar palm bunches of chemically activatied with the activation agent of potassium silicate (K2SiO3) on the adsorption capacity of iodine and methylene blue. Activated carbon from bunches of sugar palmacquired in four steps: preparationsteps, carbonizationstepsusing the pyrolysis reactor with temperature of 300 oC - 400 oC for 8 hours and chemical activation using of potassium silicate (K2SiO3) activator in weight ratio of 2: 1 and physical activation using the electric furnace for 30 minutes with temperature variation of600 oC, 650 oC, 700 oC, 750 oC and 800 oC. The iodine and methyleneblue adsorption testedby Titrimetric method and Spectrophotometry methodrespectively. The results of the adsorption of iodine and methylene blue activated carbon from sugar palm bunches increased from 240.55 mg/g and 63.14 mg/g at a temperature of 600 oC to achieve the highest adsorption capacity of 325.80 mg/g and 73.59 mg/g at temperature of 700 oC and decreased by 257.54 mg/g and 52.03 mg/g at a temperature of 800 oCrespectively.However, it does not meet to Indonesia standard (Standard Nasional Indonesia/SNI), which is 750 mg/g and 120 mg/g respectively.

scholarly journals Activated Carbon Produced by Pyrolysis of Waste Wood and Straw for Potential Wastewater Adsorption

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Januszewicz ◽  
Paweł Kazimierski ◽  
Maciej Klein ◽  
Dariusz Kardaś ◽  
Justyna Łuczak
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
Carbon Production

Pyrolysis of straw pellets and wood strips was performed in a fixed bed reactor. The chars, solid products of thermal degradation, were used as potential materials for activated carbon production. Chemical and physical activation processes were used to compare properties of the products. The chemical activation agent KOH was chosen and the physical activation was conducted with steam and carbon dioxide as oxidising gases. The effect of the activation process on the surface area, pore volume, structure and composition of the biochar was examined. The samples with the highest surface area (1349.6 and 1194.4 m2/g for straw and wood activated carbons, respectively) were obtained when the chemical activation with KOH solution was applied. The sample with the highest surface area was used as an adsorbent for model wastewater contamination removal.

scholarly journals Effect of Activator Type on Activated Carbon Characters from Teak Wood and The Bleaching Test for Waste Cooking Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Sriatun Sriatun ◽  
Shabrina Herawati ◽  
Icha Aisyah
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Cooking Oil

The starting material for activated carbon was biomass from teak woodcutting, which consists of 47.5% cellulose, 14.4% hemicellulose, and 29.9% lignin. The surface area and iodine number of activated carbons are the factors determining the adsorption ability. This study aims to determine the effect of the activator type on activated carbon characters and test the absorption ability for waste cooking oil. The synthesis stages include carbonization, chemical activation, and then physics activation. The activation process consists of two steps. Firstly, the chemical activation via adding H2SO4, and H3PO4 at room temperature for 24 hours, the second, physical activation by heating at various temperatures of 300, 400, and 500 °C for two hours. The characterizations of activated carbon include water content, ash content, iodine number, functional groups, and surface area. Furthermore, the activated carbon was used as an adsorbent for waste cooking oil for 60 minutes at 100 °C with a stirring of 500 rpm. The results were analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a maximum wavelength of 403 nm. The iodine numbers of activated carbon ranged 481.1-1211.4 mg/g and 494.8-1204 mg/g for H3PO4 and H2SO4, respectively.Activated carbon with H3PO4 of 15% and an activation temperature of 400 °C has the highest surface area of 445.30 m2/g.  The H2SO4 dan H3PO4 activators can be used to improve the quality of activated carbon in absorbing dyes in waste cooking oil, where the optimum concentration is 10-15% (v/v). The H3PO4 activator tends to produce a higher bleaching percentage than H2SO4. 

scholarly journals Utilization of spent dregs for the production of activated carbon for CO2 adsorption

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Serafin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Density Functional Theory Method ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Adsorption ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Abstract The objective of this work was preparation of activated carbon from spent dregs for carbon dioxide adsorption. A saturated solution of KOH was used as an activating agent. Samples were carbonized in the furnace at the temperature of 550°C. Textural properties of activated carbons were obtained based on the adsorption-desorption isotherms of nitrogen at −196°C and carbon dioxide at 0°C. The specific surface areas of activated carbons were calculated by the Brunauer – Emmett – Teller equation. The volumes of micropores were obtained by density functional theory method. The highest CO2 adsorption was 9.54 mmol/cm3 at 0°C – and 8.50 mmol/cm3 at 25°C.

scholarly journals Activated Carbon from Agricultural Wastes for Adsorption of Organic Pollutants

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5105
Author(s):  
Magdalena Blachnio ◽  
Anna Derylo-Marczewska ◽  
Barbara Charmas ◽  
Malgorzata Zienkiewicz-Strzalka ◽  
Viktor Bogatyrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Guinier Analysis ◽  
Material Temperature

Agricultural waste materials (strawberry seeds and pistachio shells) were used for preparation of activated carbons by two various methods. Chemical activation using acetic acid and physical activation with gaseous agents (carbon dioxide and water vapor) were chosen as mild and environmentally friendly methods. The effect of type of raw material, temperature, and activation agent on the porous structure characteristics of the materials was discussed applying various methods of analysis. The best obtained activated carbons were characterized by high values of specific surface area (555–685 m2/g). The Guinier analysis of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) curves showed that a time of activation affects pore size. The samples activated using carbon dioxide were characterized mostly by the spherical morphology of pores. Adsorbents were utilized for removal of the model organic pollutants from the single- and multicomponent systems. The adsorption capacities for the 4-chloro-2-methyphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) removal were equal to 1.43–1.56 mmol/g; however, for adsorbent from strawberry seeds it was much lower. Slight effect of crystal violet presence on the MCPA adsorption and inversely was noticed as a result of adsorption in different types of pores. For similar herbicides strong competition in capacity and adsorption rate was observed. For analysis of kinetic data various equations were used.

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