scholarly journals Evaluation Criteria for the Respiratory Function of the Divers

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-206
Author(s):  
Tamara Stanciu ◽  
Cecilia Adumitresi
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Forced Expiration ◽  
Respiratory Flow ◽  
Method Of Evaluation ◽  
Pulmonary Volumes ◽  
Hyperbaric Conditions

Abstract The respiratory effort in hyperbaric conditions is of particular nature, leading to an increase of the respiratory flow of the diver and to the change of their pulmonary volumes. There are important criteria in the selection process of the most suitable divers. Some of these criteria are related to the respiratory function. In order to evaluate the divers respiratory function an examination of the pulmonary volumes is performed in regards to their variations measured by spirometry, of the increased oxygen consumption in hyperbaric conditions and of the production of carbon dioxide during the unitary dive at the depth of work using air as a respiratory mixture. The physical and physiological phenomena involved in the hyperbaric respiration have been studied in cooperation with “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Faculty of Medicine. A specific medical method of evaluation of the pulmonary ventilation, spirometry, the measurement of forced expiratory volume in the first second of a forced expiration, Tiffneau index, have been adapted to the under pressure breathing environment. The parameters have been studied as experimental determinations on diver groups, during simulated diving, using air as a respiratory mixture, at 50 [mH2O] in the Hyperbaric Complex of the Diving Centre

scholarly journals Neck Stabilization Exercises Enhance Respiratory Function after Stroke: Respiratory Function Index Change Trajectory Analyzed Using a Hierarchical Linear Model

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1312
Author(s):  
So-Hyun Kim ◽  
Sung-Hyoun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Model ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Forced Expiration ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Neck Stabilization

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of neck stabilization exercise on respiratory function in stroke patients through longitudinal observation and determine whether there is a difference in its effect based on the side of paralysis in the patients. It is difficult to observe the amount of change observed in individuals and groups as most intergroup comparison studies only use mean values. To address these shortcomings, this study adopted a hierarchical linear model (HLM) in our trajectory analysis. Materials and Methods: We conducted neck stabilization training three times a week for four weeks in a single group of 21 stroke patients. To evaluate respiratory function, their forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced expiration ratio (FEV1/FVC), and peak cough flow (PCF) were measured. Data analysis was performed using HLM 8.0. Results: A significant increase was found in the respiratory function after neck stabilization training (p < 0.05). While neck stabilization training overall was longitudinally effective, the growth rate of respiratory function in left-sided paralytic patients was less than the whole group value. Conversely, the growth rate of respiratory function in right-sided paralytic patients was greater than the whole group value. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that neck stabilization training is longitudinally effective in improving respiratory function in stroke patients. Additionally, the growth rate of respiratory function was greater in patients with right side paralysis than in patients with left side paralysis.

No effect of artificial gravity on lung function with exercise training during head-down bed rest

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Longxiang Su ◽  
Yinghua Guo ◽  
Yajuan Wang ◽  
Delong Wang ◽  
Changting Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Artificial Gravity ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Expiratory Flow

AbstractTo explore the effectiveness of microgravity simulated by head-down bed rest (HDBR) and artificial gravity (AG) with exercise on lung function. Twenty-four volunteers were randomly divided into control and exercise countermeasure (CM) groups for 96 h of 6° HDBR. Comparisons of pulse rate, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and lung function were made between these two groups at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 h. Compared with the sitting position, inspiratory capacity and respiratory reserve volume were significantly higher than before HDBR (0° position) (P&lt; 0.05). Vital capacity, expiratory reserve volume, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced inspiratory vital capacity, forced inspiratory volume in 1 s, forced expiratory flow at 25, 50 and 75%, maximal mid-expiratory flow and peak expiratory flow were all significantly lower than those before HDBR (P&lt; 0.05). Neither control nor CM groups showed significant differences in the pulse rate, SpO2, pulmonary volume and pulmonary ventilation function over the HDBR observation time. Postural changes can lead to variation in lung volume and ventilation function, but a HDBR model induced no changes in pulmonary function and therefore should not be used to study AG CMs.

Deep breaths, methacholine, and airway narrowing in healthy and mild asthmatic subjects

2002 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 1384-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Crimi ◽  
Riccardo Pellegrino ◽  
Manlio Milanese ◽  
Vito Brusasco
Keyword(s):  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Forced Expiration ◽  
Airway Narrowing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mild Asthmatic ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Airway Conductance

Deep breaths taken before inhalation of methacholine attenuate the decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity in healthy but not in asthmatic subjects. We investigated whether this difference also exists by using measurements not preceded by full inflation, i.e., airway conductance, functional residual capacity, as well as flow and residual volume from partial forced expiration. We found that five deep breaths preceding a single dose of methacholine 1) transiently attenuated the decrements in forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity in healthy ( n = 8) but not in mild asthmatic ( n = 10) subjects and 2) increased the areas under the curve of changes in parameters not preceded by a full inflation over 40 min, during which further deep breaths were prohibited, without significant difference between healthy ( n = 6) and mild asthmatic ( n = 16) subjects. In conclusion, a series of deep breaths preceding methacholine inhalation significantly enhances bronchoconstrictor response similarly in mild asthmatic and healthy subjects but facilitates bronchodilatation on further full inflation in the latter.

Physiotherapy in chest disease

1980 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 29-31
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Forced Expiration ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Postural Drainage ◽  
Chest Disease ◽  
General Mobility ◽  
Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing ◽  
Do So

Physiotherapy is given to patients with chest disease in the hope of aiding the removal of secretions, improving respiratory function and increasing general mobility. Evaluating physiotherapy is difficult and until recently few attempts have been made to do so. This article considers the use of postural drainage, chest percussion and vibration, intermittent positive pressure breathing, forced expiration technique, breathing exercises and general exercises for some common chest conditions.

Comparison of ANFIS and FAHP-FGP methods for supplier selection

Kybernetes ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moloud sadat Asgari ◽  
Abbas Abbasi ◽  
Moslem Alimohamadlou
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Supplier Selection ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Squared Error ◽  
Fuzzy Delphi

Purpose – In the contemporary global market, supplier selection represents a crucial process for enhancing firms’ competitiveness. This is a multi-criteria decision-making problem that involves consideration of multiple criteria. Therefore this requires reliable methods to select the best suppliers. The purpose of this paper is to examine and propose appropriate method for selecting suppliers. Design/methodology/approach – ANFIS and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process-fuzzy goal programming (FAHP-FGP) are new methods for evaluating and selecting the best suppliers. These methods are used in this study for evaluating suppliers of dairy industries and the results obtained from methods are compared by performance measures such as Mean Squared Error, Root Mean Squared Error, Normalized Root Men Squared Error, Mean Absolute Error, Normalized Root Men Squared Error, Minimum Absolute Error and R2. Findings – The results indicate that the ANFIS method provides better performance compared to the FAHP-FGP method in terms of the selected suppliers scoring higher in all the performance measures. Practical implications – The proposed method could help companies select the best supplier, by avoiding the influence of personal judgment. Originality/value – This study uses the well-structured method of the fuzzy Delphi in order to determine the supplier evaluation criteria as well as the most recent ANFIS and FAHP-FGP methods for supplier selection. In addition, unlike most other studies, it performs the selection process among all available suppliers.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE ON THE RESPIRATORY FUNCTION OF THE HEALTHY POPULATION OF VLADIVOSTOK AND PATIENTS WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY PATHOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-423
Author(s):  
L. V. Veremchuk ◽  
E. E. Mineeva ◽  
Tatyana I. Vitkina ◽  
T. A. Gvozdenko
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Monsoon Climate ◽  
Climatic Impact ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The climatic factors affect the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract contacting with the environment. The investigation of pulmonary ventilation plays a leading role in the diagnosis of bronchial obstruction in response to an external stimulus. Material and methods. The study included a healthy population of the city and patients with chronic catarrhal nonobstructive bronchitis (CCNB), controlled and uncontrolled asthma (131 people). The respiratory function (RF) was estimated by spirography and body plethysmography. Meteorological conditions were evaluated from the point of view of contrasting weather changes (on the survey day, on 1st and 2nd days before the survey). The degree of the climatic impact on RF was determined by the statistical module “Discriminant analysis”, used to a group of RF indices relatively adverse levels of impact of the monsoon climate. Results. The low level of the responsiveness in a healthy urban population was identified. The negative impact of climatic indices on the respiratory system in CCNB patients was observed mainly in extreme weather conditions. The influence of climatic conditions on patients with asthma depends on the level of the disease control. Discussion. The influence of climatic conditions was found to be within the adaptive and compensatory responses in a group of healthy people and CCNB patients. We assumed the use of basic drugs in patients with asthma without signs of bronchial obstruction to reduce the susceptibility of the receptors of the bronchi to the negative climatic impact. The greatest negative RF response to the impact of monsoon climate manifested both in static and in dynamic weather conditions, was observed in patients with uncontrolled asthma. It was associated with the impaired pulmonary ventilation. Conclusion. The results indicate the Far East monsoon climate to be an important risk factor for the exacerbation in patients with respiratory diseases.

An integrated supplier selection approach incorporating decision maker’s risk attitude using ANN, AHP and TOPSIS methods

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 2263-2284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxia Yu ◽  
Zhiqin Zou ◽  
Yifan Shao ◽  
Fengli Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Supplier Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Fuzzy Topsis ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Selection Approach

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel integrated supplier selection approach incorporating decision maker’s risk attitude using the artificial neural network (ANN), analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) methods. Design/methodology/approach In the proposed approach, the ANN model is used to classify decision maker’s risk attitude; the fuzzy AHP method is used to determine the relative weights of evaluation criteria; and the fuzzy TOPSIS method is used to evaluate ratings of suppliers. Finally, experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed integrated approach. Findings Experiments results show that the proposed integrated approach is effective and efficient to help decision makers to select suitable suppliers according to their risk attitudes. Originality/value The aim of this paper is to develop a novel integrated supplier selection approach incorporating decision maker’s risk attitude using the ANN, AHP and TOPSIS methods. The decision maker’s risk attitude toward procurement transaction is originally considered in supplier selection process.

scholarly journals Procurement Selection Model: Development of a Conceptual Model Based on Transaction Costs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A Rajeh ◽  
John Tookey ◽  
James Rotimi
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Analytical Form ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Suitable Combination ◽  
Selection Of

Procurement is a major improvement area and a crucial element contributing to project success, and the selection of an optimal procurement system is an important and difficult step in project execution. The criteria for choosing suitable procurement methods are based on client’s objectives and priorities, and influenced by project constraints. The procurement path determination chart has largely dominated research in procurement selection process in construction. Eight factors need to be considered by the client when developing procurement selection criteria. At the procurement strategy the focus should be on factors such as cost, quality, and time, while at the procurement route the consideration should focus on complexity, certainty, risk, responsibility, and degree of control by the client. However, including certain criteria and ignoring the magnitude of transaction costs (TCs) associated with uncertainties in the transaction environment simplifies this process. This study addresses this shortcoming by combining evaluation criteria with TCs incurred because of external and internal environmental uncertainties in a theoretical model on procurement selection. This is achieved by developing a conceptual framework model based on TCs. Uncertainties in the transaction environment have a positive or negative impact on the magnitude of TCs such as information, procurement, administration, and enforcement. The model represents an analytical form of a suitable combination of factors influencing procurement systems, which guide procurement decisions. The model will increase understanding of how efficient procurement selection of construction projects can be achieved through appropriate procurement procedures, which could positively impact project performance.Keywords: Construction, Procurement systems, Transaction costs

Public procurement and competitiveness of women-owned businesses: a structural equation model (SEM) for gender-responsive procurement in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pross Nagitta Oluka ◽  
Michael Okoche ◽  
Godfrey Mugurusi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Contract Management ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Procurement Policy

PurposeSeveral intergovernmental organizations claim that the involvement of women in public procurement has a direct impact on sustainable development and growth, especially in the developing world, yet we know very little of such claim. This study aims to empirically examine how public procurement can contribute to women empowerment by boosting the competitiveness of women-owned businesses (WOBs) in Uganda.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, a cross-sectional survey method is used. Quantitative data were gathered from a sample of 371 respondents in Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) and a section of women entrepreneurs in Uganda's capital Kampala. From the literature review, six hypotheses were formulated and tested using structural equation modelling (SEM). A research model is developed and presented.FindingsAll hypotheses, except for one, were supported. Procurement policy had a significant influence on evaluation criteria, contract management and most importantly, on the competitiveness of WOBs. Within the procurement process, evaluation criteria had a significant influence on the competitiveness of WOBs, while the influence of contract management on competitiveness of WOBs was not statistically significant. We, therefore, concluded that public procurement can indeed enhance women empowerment through a gender-responsive procurement policy. Above all, pre-contract award interventions such as streamlining evaluation criteria to ease access of WOBs to public procurement contracts seem have the most significant impact to competitiveness of WOBs compared to post-ward interventions during contract management.Originality/valueThis study offers a research-based model that articulates the role of procurement policy as an enabler for competitiveness of WOBs in developing countries. The model proposes a combination of both policy (a direct influence) and interventions in the supplier selection process (an indirect influence) to boost the competitiveness of WOBs.

Congenital Ankyloglossia with Deviation of the Epiglottis and Larynx: Symptoms and Respiratory Function in Adults

1993 ◽  
Vol 102 (8) ◽  
pp. 620-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu Mukai ◽  
Chikako Mukai ◽  
Kazuyuki Asaoka
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Wind Instruments ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Muscle Cramps ◽  
Study Population

We operated on 38 adult patients with congenital ankyloglossia with deviation of the epiglottis and larynx. The results were as follows. 1) Most patients had Angle's class III malocclusion, irregular alignment of the upper teeth, and high hard palate. 2) Fifty percent of the patients in our study population had obstructive respiratory failure. Their vital capacity increased significantly after the operation, but changes of forced expiratory volume in 1 second were not prominent. 3) Subjective symptoms of this disease were stiffness of the shoulders, a cold feeling in the extremities, an obstructed feeling in the throat, insomnia, fatigue, dry skin, irritability and/or anxiety, and nervousness. These improved postoperatively. 4) Objective symptoms included snoring, muscle cramps, difficulty in playing wind instruments, hoarseness, and incorrect articulation. The objective symptoms, except for incorrect articulation, improved postoperatively.

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