CALUX bioassay: a cost-effective rapid screening technique for screening dioxins like compounds

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selvaraj Sakthivel ◽  
Prithiviraj Balasubramanian ◽  
Masafumi Nakamura ◽  
Shunkei Ko ◽  
Paromita Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Luciferase Expression ◽  
Relative Light Unit ◽  
Screening Technique ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Industrial Zones

AbstractXenobiotic detection systems-chemically activated luciferase expression (XDS-CALUX) bioassay in determining the toxic equivalency (TEQ) of PCDD/Fs from contaminated sites reported in several papers has been discussed in this study. CALUX bioassay method has been validated by an effective combined column clean-up system followed by addition of samples to monolayer cell cultures of H1L6.1c3 cell line in 96 well plates. Cultures are then examined under microscope after 24 h incubation followed by rinsing with 75 μL phosphate buffer saline and 30 μL of cell culture lysis. The response is observed in the luminometer and expressed in relative light unit (RLUs). CALUX-TEQ is estimated from a TCDD standard curve for unknown samples. Quality control in CALUX is done by selecting the range of CALUX values falling in the center of the linear standard curve. For developing nations CALUX biossay can be used as a cost effective and rapid screening technique for screening xenobiotic compounds from the hotspots like open solid waste burning sites, informal e-waste recycling workshops and industrial zones where constant monitoring for such compounds is required.

A Chemical Perspective to the Anti-Amyloid Action of Compounds and a Nanoparticle Based Assay for Screening Amyloid Inhibitors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Gour ◽  
Bharti Koshti
Keyword(s):  
Memory Loss ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Structural Motif ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Stacking Interactions ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Amyloid Fibers ◽  
Aromatic Stacking ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
The Brain

Aggregation of amyloid beeta 1-42 (Aβ<sub>42</sub>) peptide causes the formation of clustered deposits knows as amyloid plaques in the brain which leads to neuronal dysfunction and memory loss and associated with many neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Aβ<sub>42</sub> has core structural motif with phenylalanine at the 19 and 20 positions. The diphenylalanine (FF) residue plays a crucial role in the formation of amyloid fibers and serves as model peptide for studying Aβ<sub>42 </sub>aggregation. FF self-assembles to well-ordered tubular morphology via aromatic pi-pi stackings. Our studies, suggest that the aromatic rings present in the anti-amyloidogenic compounds may interact with the pi-pi stacking interactions present in the FF. Even the compounds which do not have aromatic rings, like cyclodextrin and cucurbituril show anti-amyloid property due to the binding of aromatic ring inside the guest cavity. Hence, our studies also suggest that compounds which may have a functional moiety capable of interacting with the aromatic stacking interactions might be tested for their anti-amyloidogenic properties. Further, in this manuscript, we have proposed two novel nanoparticle based assays for the rapid screening of amyloid inhibitors. In the first assay, interaction between biotin-tagged FF peptide and the streptavidin labelled gold nanoparticles (s-AuNPs) were used. In another assay, thiol-Au interactions were used to develop an assay for detection of amyloid inhibitors. It is envisaged that the proposed analytical method will provide a simple, facile and cost effective technique for the screening of amyloid inhibitors and may be of immense practical implications to find the therapeutic remedies for the diseases associated with the protein aggregation.

scholarly journals Novel Regeneration Approach for Creating Reusable FO-SPR Probes with NTA Surface Chemistry

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Jia-Huan Qu ◽  
Karen Leirs ◽  
Remei Escudero ◽  
Žiga Strmšek ◽  
Roman Jerala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nitrilotriacetic Acid ◽  
Antibody Fragments ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Red Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Surface Regeneration ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

To date, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors have been exploited in numerous different contexts while continuously pushing boundaries in terms of improved sensitivity, specificity, portability and reusability. The latter has attracted attention as a viable alternative to disposable biosensors, also offering prospects for rapid screening of biomolecules or biomolecular interactions. In this context here, we developed an approach to successfully regenerate a fiber-optic (FO)-SPR surface when utilizing cobalt (II)-nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) surface chemistry. To achieve this, we tested multiple regeneration conditions that can disrupt the NTA chelate on a surface fully saturated with His6-tagged antibody fragments (scFv-33H1F7) over ten regeneration cycles. The best surface regeneration was obtained when combining 100 mM EDTA, 500 mM imidazole and 0.5% SDS at pH 8.0 for 1 min with shaking at 150 rpm followed by washing with 0.5 M NaOH for 3 min. The true versatility of the established approach was proven by regenerating the NTA surface for ten cycles with three other model system bioreceptors, different in their size and structure: His6-tagged SARS-CoV-2 spike fragment (receptor binding domain, RBD), a red fluorescent protein (RFP) and protein origami carrying 4 RFPs (Tet12SN-RRRR). Enabling the removal of His6-tagged bioreceptors from NTA surfaces in a fast and cost-effective manner can have broad applications, spanning from the development of biosensors and various biopharmaceutical analyses to the synthesis of novel biomaterials.

scholarly journals Aptamer-Based Diagnostic Systems for the Rapid Screening of TB at the Point-of-Care

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1352
Author(s):  
Darius Riziki Martin ◽  
Nicole Remaliah Sibuyi ◽  
Phumuzile Dube ◽  
Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka ◽  
Ruben Cloete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Rapid Tests

The transmission of Tuberculosis (TB) is very rapid and the burden it places on health care systems is felt globally. The effective management and prevention of this disease requires that it is detected early. Current TB diagnostic approaches, such as the culture, sputum smear, skin tuberculin, and molecular tests are time-consuming, and some are unaffordable for low-income countries. Rapid tests for disease biomarker detection are mostly based on immunological assays that use antibodies which are costly to produce, have low sensitivity and stability. Aptamers can replace antibodies in these diagnostic tests for the development of new rapid tests that are more cost effective; more stable at high temperatures and therefore have a better shelf life; do not have batch-to-batch variations, and thus more consistently bind to a specific target with similar or higher specificity and selectivity and are therefore more reliable. Advancements in TB research, in particular the application of proteomics to identify TB specific biomarkers, led to the identification of a number of biomarker proteins, that can be used to develop aptamer-based diagnostic assays able to screen individuals at the point-of-care (POC) more efficiently in resource-limited settings.

scholarly journals A rapid screening model for early predicting novel coronavirus pneumonia in Zhejiang Province of China: a multicenter study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ning Dai ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Qing-Qing Wu ◽  
Tian-Chen Hui ◽  
Nan-Nan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Screening Model ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

AbstractNovel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has been widely spread in China and several other countries. Early finding of this pneumonia from huge numbers of suspects gives clinicians a big challenge. The aim of the study was to develop a rapid screening model for early predicting NCP in a Zhejiang population, as well as its utility in other areas. A total of 880 participants who were initially suspected of NCP from January 17 to February 19 were included. Potential predictors were selected via stepwise logistic regression analysis. The model was established based on epidemiological features, clinical manifestations, white blood cell count, and pulmonary imaging changes, with the area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of 0.920. At a cut-off value of 1.0, the model could determine NCP with a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 82.3%. We further developed a simplified model by combining the geographical regions and rounding the coefficients, with the AUROC of 0.909, as well as a model without epidemiological factors with the AUROC of 0.859. The study demonstrated that the screening model was a helpful and cost-effective tool for early predicting NCP and had great clinical significance given the high activity of NCP.

scholarly journals A Rapid Screening Technique for Bacillus thuringiensis Using Image Processing.

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Hyakutake ◽  
Tokio Ichimatsu ◽  
Eiichi Mizuki ◽  
Michio Ohba
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Screening Technique

Review on modification strategies of polyethylene/polypropylene immiscible thermoplastic polymer blends for enhancing their mechanical behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antimo Graziano ◽  
Shaffiq Jaffer ◽  
Mohini Sain
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Reactive Compatibilization ◽  
Brittle To Ductile Transition ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Effective Product

Blends of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) have always been the subject of intense reasearch for encouraging polymer waste recycling while producing new materials for specific applications in a sustainable way. However, being thermodynamically immiscible, these polyolefins form a binary system usually exhibiting lower performances compared with those of the homopolymers. Many studies have been carried out to better understand the PE/PP blend compatibilization for developing a high-performance and cost-effective product. Both nonreactive and reactive compatibilization promote the brittle to ductile transition for a PE/PP blend. However, the final product usually does not meet the requirements for high demanding commercial applications. Therefore, further PE/PP modification with a reinforcing filler, being either synthetic or natural, proved to be a good method for manufacturing high-performance reinforcend polymer blend composites, with superior and tailored properties. This review summarizes the recent progress in compatibilization techniques applied for enhancing the interfacial adhesion between PE and PP. Moreover, future perspectives on better understanding the influence of themodynamics on PE/PP synergy are discussed to introduce more effective compatibilization strategies, which will allow this blend to be used for innovative industrial applications.

scholarly journals A Novel Adaptive Pixels Segmentation Algorithm for Pavement Crack Detection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Safaei ◽  
Omar Smadi ◽  
Babak Safaei ◽  
Arezoo Masoud
Keyword(s):  
Crack Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Segmentation Algorithm ◽  
Pavement Maintenance ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Pavement Crack Detection

<p>Cracks considerably reduce the life span of pavement surfaces. Currently, there is a need for the development of robust automated distress evaluation systems that comprise a low-cost crack detection method for performing fast and cost-effective roadway health monitoring practices. Most of the current methods are costly and have labor-intensive learning processes, so they are not suitable for small local-level projects with limited resources or are only usable for specific pavement types.</p> <p>This paper proposes a new method that uses an improved version of the weighted neighborhood pixels segmentation algorithm to detect cracks in 2-D pavement images. This method uses the Gaussian cumulative density function as the adaptive threshold to overcome the drawback of fixed thresholds in noisy environments. The proposed algorithm was tested on 300 images containing a wide range of noise representative of different noise conditions. This method proved to be time and cost-efficient as it took less than 3.15 seconds per 320 × 480 pixels image for a Xeon (R) 3.70 GHz CPU processor to determine the detection results. This makes the model a perfect choice for county-level pavement maintenance projects requiring cost-effective pavement crack detection systems. The validation results were promising for the detection of low to severe-level cracks (Accuracy = 97.3%, Precision = 79.21%, Recall= 89.18% and F<sub>1</sub> score = 83.9%).</p>

scholarly journals ASSESSING THE SUITABILITY OF TIGER NUT FIBRE FOR STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Uduakobong Okorie ◽  
Ubong Robert ◽  
Ubong Iboh ◽  
Grace Umoren ◽  
Grace Umoren
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thermal Absorptivity ◽  
Reduce Health Risk

In this work, the properties of the composite produced from waste carton with various tiger nut fibre contents having cassava starch slurry as binder were investigated. The results obtained showed the ranges of the mean thermal conductivity, bulk density, specific heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, thermal absorptivity, nailability, flexural strength  and compressive strength values to be (0.0447 – 0.0603) Wm-1K-1, (683.62 – 746.32) kgm-3, (1439.811 – 1840.554) J/kg/K, (5.612 - 3.553) 10-8 m2s-1, (25.456 – 31.993) m-1, (23.9 – 100)%, (1.58 – 1.86) MPa and (2.16 – 2.78) MPa respectively between  8.3% and 43.1% of the fibre content.  It was generally observed that with a choice variation in the fibre content, the performance of the developed board can be optimized for structural applications. Hence, instead of discarding the fibre as waste, recycling it can help to provide raw material for the production of cost effective and environmentally friendly materials. This will in turn reduce health risk caused by environmental pollution due to improper waste disposal practice of such material.

Rapid screening technique for polymeric IgM.

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1673-1674
Author(s):  
F J Krolikowski ◽  
F T Bell ◽  
B Gerson
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Screening Technique

Rapid Screening Technique To Identify Sudan Dyes (I to IV) in Adulterated Tomato Sauce, Chilli Powder, and Palm Oil by Innovative High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Sciuto ◽  
Giovanna Esposito ◽  
Luana Dell'Atti ◽  
Chiara Guglielmetti ◽  
Pier Luigi Acutis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Sudan Dyes ◽  
Tomato Sauce ◽  
Screening Technique ◽  
Sudan I ◽  
Mass Identification

ABSTRACT Sudan dyes are synthetic azo dyes used by industry in a variety of applications. Classified as carcinogenic, they are not allowed in foodstuffs; however, their presence as adulterants in food products has been regularly reported. Here, we describe an innovative screening method to detect Sudan I, II, III, and IV in tomato sauce, palm oil, and chilli powder. The method entails minimal sample preparation, completely avoiding the liquid chromatography phase, followed by detection and identification through atmospheric pressure chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, in positive ionization mode. Analytes were efficiently identified and detected in samples, fortified both with individual analytes and with their mixture, with an error in mass identification less than 5 ppm. Limits of identification of the analytes in the fortified samples were 0.5 to 1 mg/kg, depending on the dye and matrix. The method had a linear range of 0.05 to 5 mg/kg and good linear relationships (R2 &gt; 0.98). Repeatability was satisfactory, with a coefficient of variation lower than 20%. The method was applied to detect the dyes in real adulterated chilli samples, previously found positive by confirmatory high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and ELISA, and in commercial products purchased from supermarkets. In all positive samples, analytes were correctly identified with an error in mass identification lower than 5 ppm, while none of the 45 commercial samples analyzed were found to be contaminated. The proposed new assay is sensitive, with a limit of identification, for all the three matrices, complying with the limits defined by the European Union (0.5 to 1 mg/kg) for analytical methods. Compared with conventional methods, the new assay is rapid and inexpensive and characterized by a high throughput; thus, it could be suitable as screening technique to identify Sudan dyes in adulterated food products.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document