scholarly journals Early predictors and prevention for post-stroke epilepsy: changes in neurotransmitter levels

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Jing Xie ◽  
Ming Dong ◽  
Qun Liu ◽  
Hong-Mei Meng
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Early Predictors ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stroke Type ◽  
Cerebrovascular Insult

AbstractBackground: The purpose of this study was to identify predictors and preventative treatments for post-stroke epilepsy (PSE). Methodology: Eighty-four patients who had suffered a cerebrovascular insult (within 72 hours) were recruited and divided into two groups: an EP group (patients with seizures after stroke) and a NEP group (patients without seizures after stroke). The NEP group was then subdivided into three groups: a control group, a GABA (γ-aminobutiric acid) group (received GABA orally), and a CCB group (received calcium channel blocker nimodipine orally). Patient groups were compared by gender, age, past medical history, stroke type, number of lesions, and position and stroke severity (using Scandinavian stroke scale, SSS). Forearm venous blood was sampled, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure plasma levels of neurotransmitters and Ca

scholarly journals Effect of Drying and Steeping Temperatures on the Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity, Aromatic Compounds and Sensory Properties of Cunila polyantha Benth. Infusions

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1378
Author(s):  
Karla Araceli Silva-Ramírez ◽  
Dioselina Álvarez-Bernal ◽  
Ernesto Oregel-Zamudio ◽  
Cecilia Guízar-González ◽  
José Roberto Medina-Medrano
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Tea Infusions ◽  
Group A ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties

Cunila polyantha Benth. (Lamiaceae), an aromatic plant endemic to Mexico, is used in traditional medicine as tea infusions. In this study, the effects of different drying and steeping temperatures on the phenolic content and composition, antioxidant activity, volatile composition, and sensory properties of C. polyantha infusions were determined. Commercial green tea (Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze) was used as a control. The phenolic compounds identified in the C. polyantha infusions by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) include phenolic acids such as gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and p-coumaric acid, flavonoids such as epigallocatechin gallate, protocatechin, quercetin, and naringenin, as well as the phenolic aldehyde vanillin. The C. polyantha infusions showed scavenging activity of DPPH• and ABTS•+ radicals as well as relevant antioxidant capacity, which was dependent on tea preparation conditions. A total of 46 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were detected from the leaves and flowers of C. polyantha, while in the control group, a total of 30 VOCs were identified. Differences in consumer acceptability of C. polyantha infusions prepared at different conditions were observed. This research highlights the importance of linking sensory and chemical data to obtain the best sensorial quality and the optimal nutraceutical properties in C. polyantha infusions.

scholarly journals Comparative Efficacies of Amoxicillin, Clindamycin, and Moxifloxacin in Prevention of Bacteremia following Dental Extractions

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 2996-3002 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Diz Dios ◽  
I. Tomás Carmona ◽  
J. Limeres Posse ◽  
J. Medina Henríquez ◽  
J. Fernández Feijoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Group A ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

ABSTRACT We evaluated the efficacies of oral prophylactic treatment with amoxicillin (AMX), clindamycin (CLI), and moxifloxacin (MXF) in the prevention of bacteremia following dental extractions (BDE). Two hundred twenty-one adults who required dental extractions under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to a control group, an AMX group, a CLI group, and an MXF group (the individuals in the drug treatment groups received 2 g, 600 mg, and 400 mg, respectively, 1 to 2 h before anesthesia induction). Venous blood samples were collected from each patient at the baseline and 30 s, 15 min, and 1 h after the dental extractions. The samples were inoculated into BACTEC Plus aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles and were processed in a BACTEC 9240 instrument. Subculture and the further identification of the isolated bacteria were performed by conventional microbiological techniques. The prevalences of BDE in the control group, AMX group, CLI group, and MXF group were 96, 46, 85, and 57%, respectively, at 30 s; 64, 11, 70, and 24%, respectively, at 15 min; and 20, 4, 22, and 7%, respectively, at 1 h. Streptococcus spp. were the most frequently identified bacteria in all groups (44 to 68%), with the lowest percentage being detected in the AMX group (44%). AMX and MXF prophylaxis showed high efficacies in reducing the prevalence and duration of BDE, but CLI prophylaxis was noneffective. As a consequence, MXF prophylaxis is a promising antibiotic alternative for the prevention of BDE when beta-lactams are not indicated.

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Cleaning Protocols on Post Space: A SEM Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lo Giudice ◽  
Angelo Lizio ◽  
Roberto Lo Giudice ◽  
Antonio Centofanti ◽  
Giuseppina Rizzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthophosphoric Acid ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apical Direction ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Post Space

Aim. Purpose of the present paper is to analyze the efficiency of different post-space irrigation protocols.Methods. 28 single rooted teeth were endodontically treated. After post-space preparation every sample was assigned to one of three experimental groups and to one control group. In each group different irrigation protocols were performed as follows: EDTA (Group A), 37% orthophosphoric acid (Group B), and EDTA + 37% orthophosphoric acid with ultrasounds activation (Group C). In the control group (Group D) the irrigate association was not activated by ultrasounds. Three zones (coronal, middle, and apical) of each sample were analyzed by using Scan Electron Microscopy (SEM) without any metallization procedures. The presence of smear layer on the canal surface was qualitatively evaluated by applying Serafino’s score with values included between 0 and 2.Results. The results of the research showed how Group C recorded the better results (0.81±0.72). Group A and Group B showed lower mean scores (1.06±0.69and1.08±0.77); Group D showed the lowest mean score of1.30±0.69. The SEM observation analysis demonstrated how the smear layer presence decreased in the crown-apical direction.Conclusions. The different post-space treatments statistically determine significant differences on the dentinal surfaces cleansing. The absence of ultrasonic activation lowers the cleansing efficacy of endocanalar irrigants, showing sensible differences among each post-space zone.

scholarly journals L-alanyl-glutamine pretreatment attenuates acute inflammatory response in children submitted to palatoplasty

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 72-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ferreira da Cunha Filho ◽  
Isabelle Ivo Gonçalves ◽  
Sergio Botelho Guimarães ◽  
Francisco Vagnaldo Fechine Jamacaru ◽  
José Huygens Parente Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Infusion Pump ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of L-alanyl-glutamine (L-Ala-Gln) pretreatment on oxidative stress, glycemic control and inflammatory response in children submitted to palatoplasty. METHODS: Thirty male children scheduled for routine palatoplasty, age range 2-10 years, were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n=15): Group A (saline, control) and Group B (L-Ala-Gln). Group A received normal saline 100 ml, delivered intravenously by infusion pump over 3 hours preceding surgical procedure. Group B was treated with L-Ala-Gln, 20% solution (0.5g/Kg), adding saline to complete 100ml. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected at 5 different time-points: T1- at the beginning of the study, 3 h prior to the surgical procedure; T2- at the end of the infusion (before the surgical procedure), T3- at the end of the surgical procedure, T4- 6 h postoperative and T5- 12 h postoperative. Parameters analyzed included glutathione (GSH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found between groups comparing glucose, insulin, TBARS, GSH and IL-6 levels. However, glucose levels increased (P <0.001) in T4 and T5 as compared to baseline (T1) in control group as opposed to L-Ala-Gln group. IL-6 increased in both groups during the postoperative period, indicating an increased inflammatory response. L-Ala-Gln pretreatment did not suppress the increase of IL-6, but reduced the increase of postoperative CRP levels (T5, p <0.01). CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with L-Ala-Gln in children submitted to palatoplasty attenuates the inflammatory response in early post-operative period and promoted a better glycemic control.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of acupuncture for headache in post-stroke patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. e0302107
Author(s):  
Olga Kovalenko ◽  
Maryna Chizhukova
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stroke Type

Introduction Vascular and cerebrovascular diseases remain an actual problem of modern society. More than 70% of post-stroke patients suffered from different pains. Although a headache is the common complaint of post-stroke patients it is not described good in specialized literature and its pathophysiology has not yet been sufficiently studied. In order to relieve headaches, the patients usually use a lot of medicaments often without an agreement with a doctor. Since unnecessary polypharmacy is ineffective and leads to a wide range of adverse effects, the search for pathogenically valid and effective alternative approaches deserves the great attention. Acupuncture is one of such approaches. Methods We analyzed 2 groups of patients who had the stroke in anamnesis and suffered from a headache: the main (acupuncture) group (n = 30) that underwent acupuncture and traditional medications and the control group that received medication alone (n = 30). The average age of patients in the main group was 70 (SD 8.06) years. Among them 13 women and 17 men. The average age of participants in the control group was 70.3 (SD 9.00) years and it included 8  and 22 individuals of male and female gender. In both groups, the ischemic stroke type predominated. Most patients in both groups were in residual stroke period. Along with the corporal acupuncture we used a combined method which included an effect on several microsystems. Evaluation of a headache was based on 4 criteria: intensity, duration, characteristics, and localization. Results The data analysis showed that the complex treatment of a headache including combined acupuncture method statistically significantly (p<0.05) affects three indicators of a headache - intensity, duration, and characteristics. The pain localization had a tendency to positive changes (p<0.1). Control group showed good results (p<0.05) only on two headache indicators - intensity and duration, whereas the effect of treatment on pain characteristics and localization was not significant. The comparative analysis of the treatment results of the two groups demonstrated the statistically significant positive effect (p<0,05) in favor to acupuncture on the four headache criteria: intensity, duration, characteristics, and localization. Conclusion Acupuncture in the complex treatment of post-stroke patients significantly reduces a headache in comparison to standard treatment alone. It can allow improving the effectiveness of rehabilitation and quality of life.

scholarly journals Effect of Reperfusion Therapies on Incidence of Early Post-Stroke Seizures

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnim Mushannen ◽  
Rozaleen Aleyadeh ◽  
Maria Siddiqui ◽  
Maher Saqqur ◽  
Naveed Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Reperfusion Therapy ◽  
Hemorrhagic Transformation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Treatment Implementation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cortical Involvement

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of reperfusion therapies on the occurrence of early post-stroke seizures (PSS) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Background: Reperfusion therapies are paramount to the treatment of stroke in the acute phase. However, their effect on the incidence of early seizures after an AIS remains unclear.Design and Methods: The stroke database at Hamad Medical Corporation was used to identify all patients who received reperfusion therapies for AIS from 2016 to 2019. They were matched with patients of similar diagnosis, gender, age, and stroke severity as measured by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) who did not receive such treatment. The rates of early PSS were calculated for each group.Results: The results showed that 508 patients received reperfusion therapies (342 had IV thrombolysis only, 70 had thrombectomies only, and 96 had received both), compared with 501 matched patients receiving standard stroke unit care. Patients who received reperfusion therapies were similar to their matched controls for mean admission NIHSS score (9.87 vs. 9.79; p = 0.831), mean age (53.3 vs. 53.2 years; p = 0.849), and gender distribution (85 vs. 86% men; p = 0.655). The group receiving reperfusion therapies was found to have increased stroke cortical involvement (62 vs. 49.3%, p &lt; 0.001) and hemorrhagic transformation rates (33.5 vs. 18.6%, p &lt; 0.001) compared with the control group. The rate of early PSS was significantly lower in patients who received reperfusion therapies compared with those who did not (3.1 vs. 5.8%, respectively; p = 0.042). When we excluded seizures occurring at stroke onset prior to any potential treatment implementation, the difference in early PSS rates between the two groups was no longer significant (2.6 vs. 3.9%, respectively; p = 0.251). There was no significant difference in early PSS rate based on the type of reperfusion therapy either (3.2% with thrombolysis, 2.9% with thrombectomy, and 3.1% for the combined treatment, p = 0.309).Conclusions: Treatment of AIS with either thrombectomy, thrombolysis, or both does not increase the risk of early PSS.

scholarly journals The Effect of Zoledronic Acid on Middle Ear Osteoporosis: An Animal Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (10-11) ◽  
pp. E44-E48
Author(s):  
Ozgur Surmelioglu ◽  
Feyha Kahya Aydogan ◽  
Suleyman Ozdemir ◽  
Ozgur Tarkan ◽  
Aysun Uguz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zoledronic Acid ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteoblastic Activity ◽  
Hearing Function ◽  
Ear Ossicles ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

Hearing function in older patients may be related to bone structure. We conducted an experiment to evaluate the effect of zoledronic acid on osteoporotic middle ear ossicles in an animal model. Our subjects were 19 female New Zealand white rabbits (38 ears) weighing 2 to 4 kg. We divided the rabbits into three groups: one group consisted of 6 rabbits with osteoporotic ears that were treated with zoledronic acid; the second group was made up of 8 rabbits with osteoporotic ears that were not treated; a control group included 5 rabbits with normal ears that were untreated. After an oophorectomy, the 6 study rabbits were administered 0.1 ml/kg of zoledronic acid intravenously. All rabbits were sacrificed 16 weeks later, and the middle ear ossicles were removed for investigation under light microscopy. Although osteoporosis enhanced the osteoclastic bone resorption of the ossicles, zoledronic acid enhanced osteoblastic activity on osteoporotic middle ear ossicles. The incidence of osteoporosis was 93.8% in the untreated osteoporosis group and 33.3% in zoledronic acid group—a statistically significant difference (OR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.58; p < 0.001). Osteoporosis appears to increase the resorption of the middle ear ossicles, a process that can be avoided with zoledronic acid administration. Prevention of the effects of osteoporosis in humans may help decrease the irreversible changes in the middle ear ossicles.

EFFECT OF VIBRATION STIMULUS ON SPASTICITY IN POST STROKE HEMIPLEGIC PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
Sharma Satish ◽  
Sharma Jitendra ◽  
Garg Sudhir
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Group A ◽  
Conventional Physiotherapy ◽  
Ashworth Scale ◽  
Better Than

Physical treatment such as vibration has been proposed as possible non-pharmacological way to control spasticity. The aim of the study was 1) can a selective vibration of the lower limb Dorsiexors of foot and quadriceps, reduce the spasticity of the plantar exors and hamstrings muscle; 2) is vibrations association with physiotherapy better than physiotherapy alone in reducing spasticity. This was a Pre Post study design wherein all the patients were taken from OPD in Govt. Medical College & Hospital, Sector 32 Chandigarh, India. Atotal of Sixty post stroke hemiplegic patients were taken for the study. Method. (VIB + PT) group A received physiotherapy plus vibration by means of a hand held vibrator applied over the belly of the Dorsiexors of leg and belly of Quadriceps muscle of the spastic side (contact surface 2 cm2; frequency 100 Hz; amplitude 2 mm; mean pressure 250 mBar). Control group B received conventional physiotherapy treatment alone. Both groups had 45 minutes of physiotherapy including Bobath therapy, muscle lengthening stretching exercises for 5 days a week for 2 weeks.Main Outcome Measure was Spasticity measurement by Modied Ashworth scale for both the groups before starting treatment and after the end of 2 weeks. Results: Fisher's exact test showed a statistically non signicant improvements in the (VIB + PT) group (p≥0.05) compared to in the (PT) group after 2 weeks of treatment for the Modied Ashworth scale. AlthoughStuart Maxwell Test showed that there was a statistically signicant difference within Group A i.e. Vibration plus Conventional physiotherapy with (p≤0.05) Conclusion. 1) 100 Hz vibration applied to the Dorsiexors of foot and Quadriceps muscle of a spastic lower limb in association with physiotherapy is able to reduce the spasticity of the exor agonist i.e. plantar exors and hamstrings 2) this association is not better than physiotherapy alone in controlling spasticity. Clinical Rehabilitation Impact :100 Hz antagonist muscle vibration, a non-pharmacological treatment, can help physiotherapy to reduce exors spasticity in the rehabilitation of lower limb spasticity.

scholarly journals Effect of hypertonic-hyperoncotic solution infusion on tissue perfusion during surgical treatment of the abdominal aorta

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Soskic ◽  
Lazar Davidovic ◽  
Biljana Milicic ◽  
Mladen Kocica ◽  
Natasa Kovacevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mixed Venous Blood ◽  
Hypertonic Solution ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background/Aim. Decreasing of arterial flow below the critical level leads to capillary endothelium edema and to further worsening of tissue perfusion. Hypertonic solution infusion provides mild and short plasma osmolality increasing, while colloidal solutions intensify that effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hypertonic-hyperoncotic solution (HH) on the organs perfusion during reconstructive surgical procedure on the abdominal aorta (AA). Methods. The study included 40 patients submitted to AA reconstruction due to aneurysm or Leriche?s syndrome. A clamp was put transversally to the aorta, under the outlets of the renal arterias. According to the solution received when a clamp was on the aorta, the patients were divided into two groups containing 20 patients each: the tested group (A) which received 4 ml/kg of the solution (7.2% NaCl/10% dextran), and the control group (B) which received 0.9% NaCl. The study excluded the patients with the preoperative creatinine level more than 139 ?mol/l, and ejection heart fraction less than 40%. Results. The mixed venous blood oxygen saturation increased from 73.3?7.33 to 74.95?6.19% in the group A, while it decreased from 65.35?10.39 to 62.65?10.42% in the group B (p = 0.001). The quantity of the provided oxygen in the group A increased significantly from 684.44?244.34 to 1362.45?2351.01 ml/min, while it decreased from 668.2?382.12 to 651.7?313.98 ml/min in the group B (p = 0.016). Alveolo-arterial difference in oxygen decreased from 23.12?14.74 to 21.1?10 mmHg in the group A, while it increased from 23.79?15.22 to 26.33?13.78 mmHg in the group B (p = 0.05). Conclusion. Satisfactory perfusion of organs during the AA surgery is obtained by using both HH and an isotonic solution. Due to maintaining the optimal values of the minute heart volume, saturation of vein blood blended with oxygen, and alveoli- arterial difference in oxygen, it is recommended to use HH solution for reanimation of patients in declamping shock.

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