Low-Cost Aerial Transport in Europe

Abstract Fast and continuous development of the low cost airlines is due to the low prices that have attracted more and more clients. These companies react to the market conditions and search to develop their operating fields towards areas with high potential. Low cost operators are very dynamic meaning that they continuously develop not only their network but also their price strategy. Competition in aerial transport is very tight especially because of low cost lines that attract customers with low charges for the consumers who do not want to invest a lot of money in a plane ticket. Airlines industry in Europe is continuously adapted to the reality and conditions of the low cost airlines that consists of most European customers and constantly increase their market.

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RUMAH SUSUN MODULAR DENGAN PEMANFAATAN PAPAN PRAFABRIKASI CLT, KASUS : Rumah Susun Siwalankerto, Surabaya (Modular Low-Cost Vertical Housing Benefit from Using Prefabricated Cross Laminated Timber Panel)

10.31219/osf.io/jrey4 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Arteks Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur

Keyword(s):

Lower Cost ◽

Low Cost ◽

High Potential ◽

Modular Construction ◽

Cross Laminated Timber ◽

Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽

Low Cost Housing ◽

Housing Benefit ◽

Construction Efficiency ◽

Growing Population

Surabaya is the second most populated city in Indonesia. Its ever-growing population creates a problem with its limited number of low-cost housing. Seeing how slow the progress of constructing low cost vertical housing to meet the demands, it requires a faster and more efficient way. By using a modular construction method, this paper tries to analyze the benefit of using an alternate material such as prefabricated CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) panel. CLT panel shows a high potential in creating a better construction that is more environmentally friendly while still benefiting from a faster and lower cost by overall. Siwalankerto vertical housing was chosen due to its modular style of design and usage of material in its façade that is easier to simulate using a prefabricated material. Its location in Surabaya that is near Gresik where the manufactures capable manufacturing the prefabricated material also make it a great choice. This paper limits itself on construction efficiency and effectiveness simulated towards using prefabricated CLT panel and the effects of said material to the organization of rooms inside the building.

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Potential of dust emission resources using small wind tunnel and GIS: case study of Bakhtegan playa, Iran

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-019-1050-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Siroos Karimzadeh ◽

Mohammad Mehdi Taghizadeh

Keyword(s):

Wind Tunnel ◽

Present Model ◽

Low Cost ◽

Dust Emission ◽

High Potential ◽

Wind Speeds ◽

Desert Areas ◽

Medium Potential

Abstract Determination of the high potential of dust emission is a requisite affair in the management of dusts emission and as well as avoiding its risks. Wind tunnel is among the most important approaches in the study of areas having high potential in emitting dusts. Extensive dried playas and desert areas require the making of low-cost, simple, and car-portable tunnels capable of presenting comparable data of various areas even supposing not having enough precision in the model of real wind motion. In this study, we first engaged in making a car-portable tunnel with a primarily semicircle section of 38 cm height, 50 cm diameter, and 110 cm length. A fan and key appliance with the ability to change speed were used along with a simple transformer launched with car battery. Then, concentration of the pm10 dusts was measured in the various wind speeds of 1, 2.5, 4, 5.5, and 7 m/s by the help of anemometer and digital equipments. The study of Bakhtegan playa was done, as the methodology of handling with this tunnel, in 35 positions, and zoning of the results was performed via ArcGIS software. Depending on the destructibility of the shell by wind, the areas under study were categorized as low potential (34%), medium potential (37%), and high potential (29%) in emitting dusts. The results of zoning spotted the high-potential areas on the map. The usage of small tunnels, as in the present model, may be applied in order for the low-cost and fast studies of vast areas to the purpose of playas management.

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First principles study of a SnS2/graphene heterostructure: a promising anode material for rechargeable Na ion batteries

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/c6ta05739j ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (37) ◽

pp. 14316-14323 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Abdus Samad ◽

Mohammad Noor-A-Alam ◽

Young-Han Shin

Keyword(s):

Ionic Conductivity ◽

Anode Material ◽

First Principles ◽

Storage Capacity ◽

Mechanical Stability ◽

Low Cost ◽

High Potential ◽

First Principles Study

The low cost, high Na storage capacity, high electronic and ionic conductivity, nontoxic nature, and enhanced mechanical stability of the SnS2/graphene heterostructure show the high potential of this material as a commercial anode material for Na ion batteries.

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The Internationalization of New High-Potential U.S. Ventures: Antecedents and Outcomes

Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice ◽

10.1177/104225879602000405 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 61-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 387

Author(s):

James M. Bloodgood ◽

Harry J. Sapienza ◽

James G. Almeida

Keyword(s):

Competitive Advantage ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Product Differentiation ◽

Work Experience ◽

Low Cost ◽

High Potential ◽

Sales Growth ◽

International Work ◽

The Board Of Directors ◽

The U.S

This study examined the antecedents and outcomes of the internationalization of 61 new high-potential ventures in the U.S. The results indicate that internationalization is directly related to the use of product differentiation as a source of competitive advantage, the international work experience of the board of directors, and size at the point of the IPO. The use of low cost, product differentiation, or innovation as a source of competitive advantage, and size at the point of the IPO were directly related to sales growth in the two-year period following the IPO. Finally, the level of Internationalization at the time of the IPO is positively related to earnings two years later.

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Spatial atmospheric atomic layer deposition: a new laboratory and industrial tool for low-cost photovoltaics

Materials Horizons ◽

10.1039/c3mh00136a ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 314-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

David Muñoz-Rojas ◽

Judith MacManus-Driscoll

Keyword(s):

Atomic Layer Deposition ◽

Low Cost ◽

Oxide Films ◽

Atomic Layer ◽

High Potential ◽

New Technique ◽

Layer Deposition ◽

A New Technique

Fast air printing of functional oxide films: spatial atomic layer deposition, a new technique with a high potential in the field of low cost photovoltaics.

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GEOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC CRITERIA OF INDUSTRIAL VALUE OF COAL DEPOSITS WITH INSIGNIFICANT RESERVES

Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Geology ◽

10.17721/1728-2713.83.10 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 73-78

Author(s):

M. Kurylo ◽

V. Bala

Keyword(s):

Industrial Development ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Low Cost ◽

Raw Material ◽

Market Conditions ◽

Coal Deposits ◽

External Conditions ◽

Definition Of ◽

Coal Reserves ◽

High Degree

The purpose of this study is to analyze and systematize criteria by which, in domestic and international practice, the industrial value of coal deposits with small and insignificant reserves is determined. The analysis and systematization of such factors in general for all coal deposits with the definite definition of the most influential characteristics for small stocks are carried out. Mining and geological factors, which are caused by natural characteristics of the deposit and directly related to the concrete object, are determined, and there have been singled out factors concerning the minerals in general or characterizing the external conditions of industrial development of deposits. For coal deposits with insignificant reserves, the criteria that directly affect the most critical parameter - the value of coal reserves and, consequently, the lifetime of the mining enterprise have paramount importance. Such criteria are the quality of coal, which defines the direction of use and its liquidity, the degree of geological study, which expresses the geological risks of reserves confirmation, and the complexity of mining technical conditions that define methods and systems for the reserves disclosure and development. In general, external factors for coal deposits are most affected by the availability of raw material substitutes and market conditions, and coal prices. For deposits with insignificant reserves, prices and possibility of mining, which involves availability of licenses and social permits, may have a greater impact. Industrial significance of deposit with insignificant reserves may appear favorable of all other conditions of development - mining and technical conditions that form low cost of production, coal quality, favorable market conditions for mineral raw materials, localization of the deposit near consumers, etc. At the same time, the main prerequisite for attracting objects with insignificant reserves to exploitation should be their high degree of geological study. Decision about possible industrial significance should be taken after detailed technical and economic calculations.

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Facile Pretreatment of Three-Dimensional Graphene through Electrochemical Polarization for Improved Electrocatalytic Performance and Simultaneous Electrochemical Detection of Catechol and Hydroquinone

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano12010065 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

Huaxu Zhou ◽

Guotao Dong ◽

Ajabkhan Sailjoi ◽

Jiyang Liu

Keyword(s):

Electrochemical Detection ◽

Low Cost ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

High Potential ◽

Mixed Solution ◽

Electrochemical Polarization ◽

Macroporous Structure ◽

Free Standing ◽

Selective Determination

Three-dimensional graphene (3DG) with macroporous structure has great potential in the field of electroanalysis owing to a large active area, excellent electron mobility and good mass transfer. However, simple and low-cost preparation of 3DG electrodes with high electrocatalytic ability is still a challenge. Here, a fast and convenient electrochemical polarization method is established to pretreat free-standing 3DG (p-3DG) to offer high electrocatalytic ability. 3DG with monolithic and macroporous structure prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is applied as the starting electrode. Electrochemical polarization is performed using electrochemical oxidation (anodization) at high potential (+6 V) followed with electrochemical reduction (cathodization) at low potential (−1 V), leading to exposure of edge of graphene and introduction of oxygen-containing groups. The as-prepared p-3DG displays increased hydrophilicity and improved electrocatalytic ability. As a proof of concept, p-3DG was used to selective electrochemical detection of two isomers of benzenediol, hydroquinone (p-BD) and catechol (o-BD). In comparison with initial 3DG, p-3DG exhibits increased reversibility of redox reaction, improved peak current and good potential resolution with high potential separation between p-BD and o-BD. Individual or selective determination of p-BD or o-BD in single substance solution or binary mixed solution is realized. Real analysis of pond water is also achieved.

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EFFECTS OF MICROPROPAGATION TECHNIQUES ON GROWTH. AND DEVELOPMENT OF MINIATURE ROSES.

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1138a ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1138a-1138

Author(s):

C.Y. Chu ◽

S.L. Knight

Keyword(s):

Growth And Development ◽

Low Cost ◽

High Potential ◽

Internode Length ◽

Photon Flux ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Multiplication Rate ◽

Stem Tissue ◽

Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽

High Quality

An efficient micropropagation system is being investigated to produce low cost and high quality miniature rose plants. Dormant literal buds of miniature roses were cultured on media containing MS, 30 g·l-1 sucrose, 8 g·l-1, and 25 combinations of NAA and BA. Initial explant growth was achieved on a medium containing NAA at 0.001-0.01 ppm and BA at 0.1 ppm. The highest multiplication rate was achieved when explants were subcultured on a medium containing MS, NAA at 0.01 ppm, BA at 2 ppm, and sucrose at 30 g·l-1. Growth was enhanced after culturing when dormant buds had more parental stem tissue. In addition, explants from the lowest two nodes with the shortest internode length exhibited the poorest growth. The higher the photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) (5 to 40 μmol·s-1m-2), the more quickly explants grew and aged. The most optimal PPF for initial growth was 20 μmol·s-1m-2. Subculture microcuttings of one cm or more in length grew vigorously one month after cuttings were dipped in 1000 ppm IBA and placed on a mist bench. Our results indicate that micropropagation of miniature roses has high potential for use in commercial industry.

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