Composition of Phospholipids in Seed Oil of Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis [Link], Schneider)

1982 ◽  
Vol 37 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1286-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul-Gerhard Gülz ◽  
Claudia Eich
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Simmondsia Chinensis ◽  
Jojoba Oil

Abstract Phospholipids from Jojoba oil were isolated in amounts of 0.16%. The following phospholipids were identified: phosphatidylcholine 45%, phosphatidylethanolamine 38%, phosphatidylinositol 10% and phosphatidylglycerol 7%. The fatty acid composition is similar in all individual phos­ pholipids. Palmitic acid and oleic acid are the dominating fatty acids.

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Associated with Fatty Acid Content of Watermelon Seed

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Meru ◽  
Cecilia McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Watermelon Seed

Seed oil percentage (SOP) and fatty acid composition of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seeds are important traits in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia where the seeds provide a significant source of nutrition and income. Oil yield from watermelon seed exceeds 50% (w/w) and is high in unsaturated fatty acids, a profile comparable to that of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and soybean (Glycine max) oil. As a result of novel non-food uses of plant-derived oils, there is an increasing need for more sources of vegetable oil. To improve the nutritive value of watermelon seed and position watermelon as a potential oil crop, it is critical to understand the genetic factors associated with SOP and fatty acid composition. Although the fatty acid composition of watermelon seed is well documented, the underlying genetic basis has not yet been studied. Therefore, the current study aimed to elucidate the quality of watermelon seed oil and identify genomic regions and candidate genes associated with fatty acid composition. Seed from an F2 population developed from a cross between an egusi type (PI 560023), known for its high SOP, and Strain II (PI 279261) was phenotyped for palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1), and linoleic acid (18:2). Significant (P < 0.05) correlations were found between palmitic and oleic acid (0.24), palmitic and linoleic acid (–0.37), stearic and linoleic acid (–0.21), and oleic and linoleic acid (–0.92). A total of eight quantitative trait loci (QTL) were associated with fatty acid composition with a QTL for oleic and linoleic acid colocalizing on chromosome (Chr) 6. Eighty genes involved in fatty biosynthesis including those modulating the ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were identified from the functionally annotated genes on the watermelon draft genome. Several fatty acid biosynthesis genes were found within and in close proximity to the QTL identified in this study. A gene (Cla013264) homolog to fatty acid elongase (FAE) was found within the 1.5-likelihood-odds (LOD) interval of the QTL for palmitic acid (R2 = 7.6%) on Chr 2, whereas Cla008157, a homolog to omega-3-fatty acid desaturase and Cla008263, a homolog to FAE, were identified within the 1.5-LOD interval of the QTL for palmitic acid (R2 = 24.7%) on Chr 3. In addition, the QTL for palmitic acid on Chr 3 was located ≈0.60 Mbp from Cla002633, a gene homolog to fatty acyl- [acyl carrier protein (ACP)] thioesterase B. A gene (Cla009335) homolog to ACP was found within the flanking markers of the QTL for oleic acid (R2 = 17.9%) and linoleic acid (R2 = 21.5%) on Chr 6, whereas Cla010780, a gene homolog to acyl-ACP desaturase was located within the QTL for stearic acid (R2 = 10.2%) on Chr 7. On Chr 8, another gene (Cla013862) homolog to acyl-ACP desaturase was found within the 1.5-LOD interval of the QTL for oleic acid (R2 = 13.5%). The genes identified in this study are possible candidates for the development of functional markers for application in marker-assisted selection for fatty acid composition in watermelon seed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that aimed to elucidate genetic control of the fatty acid composition of watermelon seed.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Composition of Ripe Seed Oil of Nyctanthes Arbor-tristis L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Sudhangshu Kumar Roy ◽  
Mohammad Shahjahan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Ripe Seed ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The fatty acid composition of the ripe seed oil of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. (Bengali: Seuli) were determined by GLC. The major constituent of the oil was found to be stearic acid, 39.06%. The relative percentages of other major fatty acids were found to be lauric acid, (4.46); linoleic acid, (7.89); oleic acid, (7.97). The yield of the seed oil was found to be 7.29% on extraction with pet-ether (b. p. 40°C - 60°C). Acid value of seed oil was found to be 55.44 and suggests that this oil is inedible.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v35i1.7977Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol.35, No.1, 121-124, 2011

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Composition of Seed Oil from Pachira aquatica Grown in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Afolayan S. Sunday ◽  
Igbum O. Gillian ◽  
Igoli O. John
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Relative Composition

The relative composition of the fatty acids in Pachira aquatica seed oil were determined using GC-MS and 1H NMR. The results obtained from GC-MS and 1H NMR show that the oil contained saturated fatty acids (>67%), oleic acid (>18%), linoleic (>3%) and linolenic acid (≤0.01%). 1H NMR gave more reliable and reproducible results.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES ISOLATED FROM PORCINE AORTA ON THE SERUM FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Irina M. Chernukha ◽  
Liliya V. Fedulova ◽  
Elena A. Kotenkova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Farm Animals

Based on results of fatty acid composition in serum of hyperlipidemic rats atherogenic index (AI) was calculated. The objects of the study were a commercial bioactive additive (BAA) containing a mixture of peptides isolated from the vessels of farm animals (Scientific and Production center of Revitalization and Health (SPRH), Russia), low molecular weight (LMUF), Mm<5kDa) and medium molecular weight (MMUF), Mm 5–30 kDa) ultrafiltrates of porcine aorta extract. Experimental hyperlipidemia was stimulated in male Wistar rats. After modeling animals in group 2 consumed 0.9 % sodium chloride solution, 3 groups — BAA, 4 groups — LMUF, 5 groups — MMUF, 1 group consisted of intact rats, contained under similar conditions. All studied samples were administered per os in a quantity of 0.3 mg protein / kg body weight for 14 days. As a result of the study, it was noted that in serum of rats treated with BAA there was polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increase by 67.2 % (P<0.05), while monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was decreased by 29.5 % (P<0.05) compared to the control, but there was no change in AI. Per os administration of LMUF caused a similar effect as BAA: there was an increase in the proportion of PUFA by 2.5 times (p<0.05) compared with control, while MUFA decreased by 39.7 % (P<0.05), mainly due to a reduction of oleic acid by 66.3 % (P<0.05). The relative content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) decreased by 27.8 % (P<0.05), mainly due to reduction of palmitic acid content by 45.3 % (P<0.05) compared to the control, which contributed to a decrease in serum AI by 56.4 % (P<0.05). Per os administration of MMUF did not impact on relative content of MUFA, although the share of oleic acid was reduced by 48.0 % (P<0.05), there was also an increase of PUFA content by 85.8 % (P<0.05) compared with the control, serum AI reduced by 76.9 % (P<0.05) compared with the control group also due to a decrease of palmitic acid by 78.2 % (P<0.05).

scholarly journals Chemical Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of Palado Seed Oil (Aglaia sp) Extracted Using Chloroform Solvent

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsul RAHMAN ◽  
Salengke Salengke ◽  
Abu Bakar TAWALI ◽  
Meta MAHENDRADATTA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Food Ingredients

Palado (Aglaia sp) is a plant that grows wild in the forest around Mamuju regency of West Sulawesi, Indonesia. This plant is locally known as palado. Palado seeds (Aglaia sp) can be used as a source of vegetable oil because it contains approximately 14.75 % oil, and it has the potential to be used as food ingredients or as raw material for oil production. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical properties and the composition of fatty acids contained in palado seed oil (Aglaia sp). The employed method involved the use of palado fruit that had been processed to be palado seed and undergoing flouring process. Palado flour was produced by the extraction process by using chloroform solvent with the soxhlet method. The characteristics of the chemical properties in the oil produced were analyzed by using a standard method, including iodine, saponification, and acid values. The analysis of fatty acid composition was conducted by using gas chromatography. The results showed that palado oil extracted with hexane had an iodine value of 15.38 mg/g, saponification value of 190.01 mg KOH/g, and acids value of 1.961 mg KOH/g. The fatty acid composition of the palado seed oil consisted of saturated fatty acids (41.601 %), which included palmitic acid (41.062 %), myristic acid (0.539 %), and unsaturated fatty acids (45.949 %), which included mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) such as (22.929 %), oleic acid and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which was linoleic acid (23.020 %).

scholarly journals Cold-pressed cactus pear seed oil: Quality and stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. e415 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. De Wit ◽  
V.K. Motsamai ◽  
A. Hugo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Cactus Pear ◽  
Cold Pressed

Cold-pressed seed oil from twelve commercially produced cactus pear cultivars was assessed for oil yield, fatty acid composition, physicochemical properties, quality and stability. Large differences in oil content, fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties (IV, PV, RI, tocopherols, ORAC, % FFA, OSI and induction time) were observed. Oil content ranged between 2.51% and 5.96% (Meyers and American Giant). The important fatty acids detected were C16:0, C18:0, C18:1c9 and C18:2c9,12, with C18:2c9,12, the dominating fatty acid, ranging from 58.56-65.73%, followed by C18:1c9, ranging between 13.18-16.07%, C16:0, which ranged between 10.97 - 15.07% and C18:0, which ranged between 2.62-3.18%. Other fatty acids such as C14:0, C16:1c9, C17:0, C17:1c10, C20:0, C18:3c9,12,15 and C20:3c8,11,14 were detected in small amounts. The quality parameters of the oils were strongly influenced by oil content, fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties. Oil content, PV, % FFA, RI, IV, tocopherols, ORAC and ρ-anisidine value were negatively correlated with OSI. C18:0; C18:1c9; C18:2c9,12; MUFA; PUFA; n-6 and PUFA/SFA were also negatively correlated with OSI. Among all the cultivars, American Giant was identified as the paramount cultivar with good quality traits (oil content and oxidative stability).

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Quality Characteristics and Variations in Fatty Acid Composition of Different Varieties of Rapeseed and Mustard (Brassica spp.)

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Md. Delwar Hossain ◽  
Kamal Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Mst. Farhana Nazneen Chowdhury ◽  
Alak Barman ◽  
Arif Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Brassica Spp ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

With a view to studying the qualitative features and the variations in fatty acid composition of 6 rapeseed (B. campestris and B. napus) and mustard (B. juncea) varieties, an experiment was conducted. Among these varieties, BARI Sarisha-14 presented the value of 168.4 which was recorded the highest. Both BARI Sarisha-11 and BARI Sarisha-14 was found with the highest iodine value of 39.44; and the highest amount of acid value was recorded from BARI Sarisha-11 (1.867). Gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) method has been used to determine the composition of essential fatty acid in the seeds of Brassica spp. (L.). From the GLC analysis, it was found that erucic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and lenolenic acid were the prime fatty acids in all the varieties. Erucic acid was in the range of 41.11 – 51.28%, oleic acid was the highest both in BARI Sarisha-11 and BARI Sarisha- 13 contained (18.69%), while BARI Sarisha-9 contained the highest amount of the unsaturated linoleic (17.75%)  and linolenic (15.83%) acids. Moreover, palmitic acid, stearic acid and archidic acid were also present in small amount.

Effect of increasing stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase mRNA concentrations using forage and concentrate diets on the fatty acid composition of ovine adipose tissue

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 206-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.C.T.R. Daniel ◽  
R.J. Wynn ◽  
A.M. Salter ◽  
P.J. Buttery
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mrna Levels

Compared to meat from other animals lamb contains high levels of saturated fat, particularly stearic acid which comprises 18% of the total fatty acids (Enser et al, 1996). This stearic acid can be desaturated in the tissue by stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) to produce oleic acid. In sheep SCD is produced from a single gene and the levels of SCD mRNA in the tissue correlate well with oleic acid (Ward et al, 1998, Barber et al, 2000) suggesting that an upregulation of SCD activity may increase the relative proportions of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids and so significantly improve the nutritional quality of sheep meat. Our recent studies have shown that insulin increases SCD mRNA levels and monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis in cultured ovine adipose tissue explants (Daniel et al, 2001). The present study was designed to investigate whether feeding a diet believed to manipulate SCD mRNA concentrations would significantly alter the fatty acid composition of lamb.

scholarly journals Studies on Fatty Acid Composition and Proximate Analyses of Anethum Sowa L. (Dill) Seed

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Moshfekus Saleh-E-In ◽  
Sudhangshu Kumar Roy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Anethum Sowa ◽  
Proximate Analyses

Anethum sowa L. (Dill) seeds were investigated to determine the fatty acid composition and proximate analyses. The seeds contain 9.36 % fatty oil. The saturated and unsaturated fatty acids contributed 6.22% and 93.78% respectively of the oil. The per cent composition of the extracted oil was identified by Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC). Among the six fatty acids identified from this study oleic acid contributed the highest proportion (87.10%), where as, linolenic, palmitic, stearic, behenic and arachidic all together contributed the rest (12.90%). Proximate analyses showed that A. sowa. seeds are good source of dietary fibre. Overall Dill seeds oil can be considered as a good source of oleic acid. Key words: Anethum sowa, dill seed oil, fatty acid composition, oleic acid, linolenic acid, Gas liquid chromatography. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(4), 455-464, 2007

Milk yield and composition of milk and blood as indicators of energy intake by Jersey cows

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 657 ◽  
Author(s):  
TH Stobbs ◽  
DJ Brett
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Jersey Cows

Jersey cows were used in a change-over design to examine the effect of three levels of energy intake (lucerne hay at 100, 75 and 50% ad lib.) on milk yield, milk composition, fatty acid composition of milk fat, and blood metabolites (non-esterified fatty acids, glucose and total ketones) to determine which measurement was the most accurate indicator of intake of energy. Milk yields averaged 9.9, 8.7 and 7.2 kg/cow/day with relative intakes of 100, 75 and 50% of ad lib. When energy was restricted the proportion of C4–C16 fatty acids in milk fat decreased (72, 69 and 59%), while the proportion of oleic acid increased (15, 18 and 26%). These changes occurred within approximately 6 days on new energy levels. Fore milk and strippings had similar fatty acid proportions. Restriction of energy reduced the solids not fat, protein and casein contents of milk, and increased its butter fat percentage. Non-esterifred fatty acid levels in blood plasma increased with restriction of feed (348, 528 and 579 µ-equiv./l). Glucose and ketone bodies of blood averaged 58 mg/100 ml and 9.1 mg/100 mi respectively, and did not vary between treatments. It is concluded that milk production is the most sensitive indicator of the intake of digestible energy where change-over designs are used. However, when individual animal variation is not removed in the analysis, the intake of energy is most closely correlated with the fatty acid composition of milk fat (r = 0.73 and –0.74 for C4–C16 acids and oleic acid respectively). Significant correlations with the protein to fat and casein to fat ratios of milk were also measured (r = 0.64 and 0.63 respectively). There was a poor relationship between energy intake and blood composition (r = –0.25 for non-esterified fatty acid content).

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