Activity in vitro and in vivo against Plant Pathogenic Fungi of Grifolin Isolated from the Basidiomycete Albatrellus dispansus

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Du-Qiang Luo ◽  
Hong-Jun Shao ◽  
Hua-Jie Zhu ◽  
Ji-Kai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
C Nmr

In the course of screening for novel naturally occurring fungicides from mushrooms in Yunnan province, China, the ethanol extract of the fruiting bodies of Albatrellus dispansus was found to show antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi. The active compound was isolated from the fruiting bodies of A. dispansus by bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract and identified as grifolin by IR, 1H and 13C NMR and mass spectral analysis. Its antifungal activities were evaluated in vitro against 9 plant pathogenic fungi and in vivo against the plant disease of Erysiphe graminis. In vitro, Sclerotinina sclerotiorum and Fusarium graminearum were the most sensitive fungi to grifolin, and their mycelial growth inhibition were 86.4 and 80.9% at 304.9 μᴍ, respectively. Spore germination of F. graminearum, Gloeosporium fructigenum and Pyricularia oryzae was almost completely inhibited by 38.1 μᴍ grifolin. In vivo, the curative effect of grifolin against E. graminis was 65.5% at 304.9 μᴍ after 8 days.

Activity of Armillarisin B in vitro against Plant Pathogenic Fungi

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 790-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Wen Shen ◽  
Bing-Ji Ma ◽  
Wen Li ◽  
Hai-You Yu ◽  
Ting-Ting Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Gibberella Zeae ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation

The methanolic extract of the fruiting bodies of the mushroom Armillariella tabescens was found to show antifungal activity against Gibberella zeae. The active compound was isolated from the fruiting bodies of A. tabescens by bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract and identifi ed as armillarisin B. Armillarisin B eventually corresponds to 2-hydroxy-2- phenylpropanediamide and its structure was confi rmed on the basis of spectroscopic studies including 2D NMR experiments.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of the Extract and the Active Substances of Endophytic Nigrospora sp. from the Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plant Stephania kwangsiensis

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyu Luo ◽  
Qiuyan Zhou ◽  
Yecheng Deng ◽  
Zhiyong Deng ◽  
Zhen Qing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Ceratocystis Paradoxa ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Plant

To exploit a new source from medical plants for finding bioactive products, endophytic fungi DBR-5 identified as Nigrospora sp., was isolated from the root tubers of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Stephania kwangsiensis Lo. The antifungal activities of the extract from its fermentation liquids were determined. The ethyl acetate extract of DBR-5 exhibited high and broad antifungal activities against plant pathogenic fungi, and showed high toxicity to Exserohilum turcicum, Bipolaris maydis, Ceratocystis paradoxa, Alternaria oleracea and Cochliobolus miyabeanus with EC50 values respectively at 0.01 mg/mL, 0.02 mg/mL, 0.03 mg/mL, 0.03 mg/mL and 0.04 mg/mL. By a bioassay guided fractionation, three antifungal secondary metabolites were isolated from liquid culture of DBR-5, and identified as griseofulvin, deoxybostrycin and austrocortirubin on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. In vitro antifungal assay showed that griseofulvin displayed significant inhibition against the hypha growth of tested plant pathogenic fungi with EC50 values ranging from 0.0013 mg/mL to 0.0202 mg/mL, and showed the highest toxicity to E. turcicum and C. paradoxa with EC50 values both at 0.0013 mg/mL. Compared with the broad spectrum fungicide carbendazim, except that the toxicity of griseofulvin to Diaporthe citri and Pestalotiopsis theae was lower, the toxicity to the other eight pathogenic fungi was much higher. The inhibitory rates of griseofulvin against spore germination of A. olerace, C. paradoxa and P. theae were 100%, 100% and 94.39% respectively, at a concentration of 0.01 mg/mL. The other two compounds deoxybostrycin and austrocortirubin exhibited only weak antifungal activities. The results indicate the potential of Nigrospora sp. DBR-5 as a source of griseofulvin and also support that griseofulvin is a natural compound with high potential bioactivity against plant pathogenic fungi.

Design, Synthesis, and Antifungal Activity of Alkyl Gallates Against Plant Pathogenic Fungi In Vitro and In Vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Xiao-Long Zhao ◽  
Chun-Qing Li ◽  
Xiao-Mei Song ◽  
Shuang-Mei Yan ◽  
Du-Qiang Luo
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Alkyl Gallates

scholarly journals Conifers Phytochemicals: A Valuable Forest with Therapeutic Potential

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 3005
Author(s):  
Kanchan Bhardwaj ◽  
Ana Sanches Silva ◽  
Maria Atanassova ◽  
Rohit Sharma ◽  
Eugenie Nepovimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Conifers have long been recognized for their therapeutic potential in different disorders. Alkaloids, terpenes and polyphenols are the most abundant naturally occurring phytochemicals in these plants. Here, we provide an overview of the phytochemistry and related commercial products obtained from conifers. The pharmacological actions of different phytochemicals present in conifers against bacterial and fungal infections, cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are also reviewed. Data obtained from experimental and clinical studies performed to date clearly underline that such compounds exert promising antioxidant effects, being able to inhibit cell damage, cancer growth, inflammation and the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, an attempt has been made with the intent to highlight the importance of conifer-derived extracts for pharmacological purposes, with the support of relevant in vitro and in vivo experimental data. In short, this review comprehends the information published to date related to conifers’ phytochemicals and illustrates their potential role as drugs.

scholarly journals Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. Ethanol Extract Has Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Effects In Vitro and In Vivo by Targeting the IRAK1/AP-1 Pathway

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2529
Author(s):  
Haeyeop Kim ◽  
Woo Seok Yang ◽  
Khin Myo Htwe ◽  
Mi-Nam Lee ◽  
Young-Dong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. has been used traditionally as a remedy for many diseases, especially inflammation. Therefore, we analyzed and explored the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of a Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. ethanol extract (Dt-EE). Dt-EE clearly and dose-dependently inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 cells. Also, Dt-EE suppressed the activation of the MyD88/TRIF-mediated AP-1 pathway and the AP-1 pathway related proteins JNK2, MKK4/7, and TAK1, which occurred as a result of inhibiting the kinase activity of IRAK1 and IRAK4, the most upstream factors of the AP-1 pathway. Finally, Dt-EE displayed hepatoprotective activity in a mouse model of hepatitis induced with LPS/D-galactosamine (D-GalN) through decreasing the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and suppressing the activation of JNK and IRAK1. Therefore, our results strongly suggest that Dt-EE could be a candidate anti-inflammatory herbal medicine with IRAK1/AP-1 inhibitory and hepatoprotective properties.

scholarly journals Ibrexafungerp: A First-in-Class Oral Triterpenoid Glucan Synthase Inhibitor

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabelle Jallow ◽  
Nelesh P. Govender
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Favourable Safety ◽  
Favourable Safety Profile ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
In Vitro Data

Ibrexafungerp (formerly SCY-078 or MK-3118) is a first-in-class triterpenoid antifungal or “fungerp” that inhibits biosynthesis of β-(1,3)-D-glucan in the fungal cell wall, a mechanism of action similar to that of echinocandins. Distinguishing characteristics of ibrexafungerp include oral bioavailability, a favourable safety profile, few drug–drug interactions, good tissue penetration, increased activity at low pH and activity against multi-drug resistant isolates including C. auris and C. glabrata. In vitro data has demonstrated broad and potent activity against Candida and Aspergillus species. Importantly, ibrexafungerp also has potent activity against azole-resistant isolates, including biofilm-forming Candida spp., and echinocandin-resistant isolates. It also has activity against the asci form of Pneumocystis spp., and other pathogenic fungi including some non-Candida yeasts and non-Aspergillus moulds. In vivo data have shown IBX to be effective for treatment of candidiasis and aspergillosis. Ibrexafungerp is effective for the treatment of acute vulvovaginal candidiasis in completed phase 3 clinical trials.

scholarly journals High-Throughput Identification of Organic Compounds from Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (Zhiheshouwu) by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3977
Author(s):  
Shaoyun Wang ◽  
Xiaozhu Sun ◽  
Shuo An ◽  
Fang Sang ◽  
Yunli Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Polygonum Multiflorum ◽  
Q Exactive ◽  
Orbitrap Ms

Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (PMRP), as the processed product of tuberous roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., is one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicines, with a long history. However, in recent years, liver adverse reactions linked to PMRP have been frequently reported. Our work attempted to investigate the chemical constituents of PMRP for clinical research and safe medication. In this study, an effective and rapid method was established to separate and characterize the constituents in PMRP by combining ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS). Based on the accurate mass measurements for molecular and characteristic fragment ions, a total of 103 compounds, including 24 anthraquinones, 21 stilbenes, 15 phenolic acids, 14 flavones, and 29 other compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. Forty-eight compounds were tentatively characterized from PMRP for the first time, and their fragmentation behaviors were summarized. There were 101 components in PMRP ethanol extract (PMRPE) and 91 components in PMRP water extract (PMRPW). Simultaneously, the peak areas of several potential xenobiotic components were compared in the detection, which showed that PMRPE has a higher content of anthraquinones and stilbenes. The obtained results can be used in pharmacological and toxicological research and provided useful information for further in vitro and in vivo studies.

scholarly journals In Vivo and In Vitro Protein Ligation by Naturally Occurring and Engineered Split DnaE Inteins

PLoS ONE ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. e5185 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sesilja Aranko ◽  
Sara Züger ◽  
Edith Buchinger ◽  
Hideo Iwaï
Keyword(s):  
Protein Ligation ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Vitro Protein
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