Orofacial antinociceptive effect of the ethanolic extract of Annona vepretorum Mart. (Annonaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane C. Silva ◽  
Larissa A.R.O. Macedo ◽  
Grasielly R. Souza ◽  
Raimundo G. Oliveira-Junior ◽  
Sarah R.G. Lima-Saraiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Antinociceptive Effects ◽  
Rubbing Behavior ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Orofacial Nociception

Abstract Annona vepretorum Mart. (Annonaceae) is a species popularly known in Brazil as “araticum” and “pinha da Caatinga”. We have evaluated the antinociceptive effects of A. vepretorum in formalin-, capsaicin-, and glutamate-induced orofacial nociception in mice. Male Swiss mice were pretreated with either saline (p.o.), A. vepretorum ethanol extract (Av-EtOH 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.), or morphine (10 mg/kg, i.p.), before formalin, capsaicin, or glutamate was injected into the right upper lip. Pre-treatment with Av-EtOH at all doses produced a reduction in face-rubbing behavior induced by formalin in both phases, and these pre-treatments also produced a significant antinociceptive effect in the capsaicin and glutamate tests. Pre-treatment with naloxone (1.5 mg/kg, i.p.) did not reverse the antinociceptive activity of the extract at the dose of 100 mg/kg in the first phase of this test. Our results suggest that Av-EtOH might be useful in the treatment of orofacial pain.

Orofacial Analgesic-Like Activity of Carvacrol in Rodents

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana G. Guimarães ◽  
Francilene V. Silva ◽  
Maria A. Xavier ◽  
Márcio R. V. Santos ◽  
Rita C. M. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formalin Test ◽  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Depressant Effect ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Right ◽  
Orofacial Nociception

Carvacrol (CARV) is a phenolic monoterpene present in the essential oil of several aromatic spices. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of CARV on formalin-, capsaicin-, and glutamate-induced orofacial nociception in mice. Male mice were pretreated with CARV [25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight (BW), intraperitoneal (i.p.)], morphine (5 mg/kg BW, i.p.), or vehicle (distilled water + one drop of 0.3% cremophor in distilled water), before formalin (20 μl, 2%), capsaicin (20 μl, 2.5 μg), or glutamate (40 μl, 25 μM) was injected into the right upper lip. Our results revealed that i.p. pretreatment with CARV was effective in reducing the nociceptive face-rubbing behaviour in both phases of the formalin test and also produced a signifi cant antinociceptive effect at all doses in the capsaicin and glutamate tests. Further, we showed that the action of CARV on the central nervous system (CNS) did not affect these results, since this compound did not exert a significant CNS-depressant effect, as shown by the pentobarbital-induced hypnosis. Our results suggest that CARV might represent an important tool for the treatment of orofacial pain

Antinociceptive Activity of Atranorin in Mice Orofacial Nociception Tests

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 551-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana S. Siqueira ◽  
Leonardo R. Bonjardim ◽  
Adriano A. S. Araújo ◽  
Bruno E. S. Araújo ◽  
Marcélia G. D. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Radical Trapping ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Motor Abnormality ◽  
The Right

Physicochemical characterization and antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of atranorin (AT) extracted from Cladina kalbii Ahti in formalin- and capsaicin-induced orofacial pain and anti-inflammatory tests in rodents were studied. Physicochemical characterization showed that AT has the general formula C19H18O8. Male Swiss mice were pretreated with AT (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, i.p.), morphine (3 mg/kg, i.p.), or vehicle (0.9% saline with two drops of 0.2% Tween 80) before formalin (20 μl, 2%) or capsaicin (20 μl, 2.5 μg) were injected into the right vibrissa. Our results showed that i.p. treatment with AT displayed marked inhibitory effects in different orofacial pain tests in mice. AT (400 mg/kg, i.p.) was effective in reducing the nociceptive face-rubbing behavioural response in both phases of the formalin test, which was also naloxone-sensitive. Additionally, AT produced a significant antinociceptive effect at all doses in the capsaicin test. Such results were unlikely to be provoked by motor abnormality, since AT-treated mice exhibited no performance alteration on the rota rod apparatus. AT exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in the acute model of inflammation (leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity), carrageenan- and arachidonic acid-induced hind paw edema in rats. Additionally, AT exhibited a dose-dependent antioxidant activity in vitro, as assessed by total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter and total antioxidant reactivity assays. All these findings suggest that AT might represent an important tool for the management of orofacial pain and/or inflammatory disorders

scholarly journals Peripheral Antinociception Induced by Aripiprazole Is Mediated by the Opioid System

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Cristina Mendes Ferreira ◽  
Ana Flávia Almeida-Santos ◽  
Igor Dimitri Gama Duarte ◽  
Daniele C. Aguiar ◽  
Fabricio A. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Opioid System ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Intraplantar Injection ◽  
Opioid Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Antinociceptive Effects ◽  
The Right

Background. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug used to treat schizophrenia and related disorders. Our previous study showed that this compound also induces antinociceptive effects. The present study aimed to assess the participation of the opioid system in this effect.Methods. Male Swiss mice were submitted to paw pressure test and hyperalgesia was induced by intraplantar injection of prostaglandin E2(PGE2, 2 μg). Aripiprazole was injected 10 min before the measurement. Naloxone, clocinnamox, naltrindole, nor-binaltorphimine, and bestatin were given 30 min before aripiprazole. Nociceptive thresholds were measured in the 3rd hour after PGE2injection.Results. Aripiprazole (100 μg/paw) injected locally into the right hind paw induced an antinociceptive effect that was blocked by naloxone (50 μg/paw), a nonselective opioid receptor antagonist. The role ofμ-,δ-, andκ-opioid receptors was investigated using the selective antagonists, clocinnamox (40 μg/paw), naltrindole (15, 30, and 60 μg/paw), and nor-binaltorphimine (200 μg/paw), respectively. The data indicated that only theδ-opioid receptor antagonist inhibited the peripheral antinociception induced by aripiprazole. Bestatin (400 μg), an aminopeptidase-N inhibitor, significantly enhanced low-dose (25 μg/paw) aripiprazole-induced peripheral antinociception.Conclusion. The results suggest the participation of the opioid system viaδ-opioid receptor in the peripheral antinociceptive effect induced by aripiprazole.

Synergistic Antinociceptive Effect of Amitriptyline and Morphine in the Rat Orofacial Formalin Test

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Luccarini ◽  
Laurent Perrier ◽  
Céline Dégoulange ◽  
Anne-Marie Gaydier ◽  
Radhouane Dallel
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Inflammatory Pain ◽  
Formalin Test ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Isobolographic Analysis ◽  
Antinociceptive Effects ◽  
Analgesic Agents ◽  
Rubbing Behavior ◽  
Orofacial Formalin Test

Background Combination therapy is often used to increase the clinical utility of analgesic agents. The coadministration of two compounds may achieve analgesia at doses lower than those required for either compound alone, leading to enhanced pain relief and reduction of adverse effects. Herein, the authors describe the effect of coadministration of morphine and amitriptyline on cutaneous orofacial inflammatory pain in rats. Methods Amitriptyline, morphine, or the combination of amitriptyline and morphine was administered systemically to rats, and antinociceptive effects were determined by means of the rat orofacial formalin test. Isobolographic analysis was used to define the nature of the interactions between morphine and amitriptyline. Results Amitriptyline as well as morphine produced a dose-related inhibition in the first phase and the second phase of rubbing activity. ED50 values against rubbing behavior were 14.6 mg/kg (95% confidence interval, 10.2-33.5 mg/kg) and 1.3 mg/kg (95% confidence interval, 1.0-1.7 mg/kg) for amitriptyline and morphine, respectively. Combinations of increasing fractional increments of amitriptyline and morphine ED50 doses produced a synergistic effect against rubbing behavior, as revealed by isobolographic analysis. Conclusions The current study suggests that systemic amitriptyline and morphine synergistically inhibit cutaneous orofacial inflammatory pain in rats.

scholarly journals L-Arginine-No System Participates in the Analgesic Effect of Flunixin Meglumine in the Rat

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Milovanović ◽  
Sonja Vučković ◽  
Milica Prostran ◽  
Saša Trailović ◽  
Milan Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Painful Stimulus ◽  
Withdrawal Threshold ◽  
Flunixin Meglumine ◽  
Antinociceptive Effects ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractThis study investigated whether the L-arginine-NO system participates in the analgesic effect of flunixin meglumine in the rat. Hyperalgesia was induced by intraplantar (i.pl.) administration of carrageenan (500 μg) into the rat’s hind paw. Electronic von Frey apparatus was used to determine paw withdrawal threshold induced by pressure as the painful stimulus, measured in grams (g). Flunixin meglumine (FM; 0.09-0.1 mg/kg; s.c.) and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 10 mg/kg; i.p.), given separately as a pre-treatment, i.e. 15 min before i.pl. injection of carrageenan, produced a significant antinociception. When FM (0.09 mg/kg) and a sub-effective dose of L-NAME (5 mg/kg) were co-administered, the antinociceptive effect was significantly increased in comparison with the effect of FM alone. L-arginine (L-ARG;10 mg/kg; i.p.) itself did not produce significant effect on carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia, but significantly reduced the antinociceptive effects of both FM and FM + L-NAME combination. The inhibition of the production of NO might be involved in the mechanism of the analgesic effect of FM.

Antinociceptive Effects of Heterotopic Electroacupuncture in Formalin-Induced Pain

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 565-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Hyo Kim ◽  
Young Seob Gwak ◽  
Inhyung Lee ◽  
In Churl Sohn ◽  
Min Sun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Pain ◽  
Spinal Dorsal Horn ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Formalin Injection ◽  
Spinal Dorsal ◽  
Antinociceptive Effects ◽  
C Fiber ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

This study examined the antinociceptive effect of electroacupuncture (EA) to heterotopic acupoints on formalin-induced pain in rats. EA (2 ms, 10 Hz, and 3 mA) was delivered to heterotopic acupoints HE7 and PE7, or non-acupoints at the right fore limb, for 30 min and was immediately followed by subcutaneous formalin injection into the left hind paw, respectively. The quantified pain score, electromyogram (EMG) response of the C-fiber reflex, and cFos immunoreactivity were assessed, respectively. EA to heterotopic acupoints significantly reduced both early- and late-phase pain-like behaviors and significantly decreased the EMG responses of the C-fiber reflex after formalin injection. By contrast, EA to non-acupoints had no significant effects on pain-like behavior or the EMG response. In addition, EA to heterotopic acupoints decreased cFos immunoreactivity in the lumbar spinal dorsal horn. Therefore, EA induced pre-emptive antinociception via the extra-segmental inhibition of the formalin-induced pain, suggesting that EA to heterotopic acupoints is a useful treatment for inflammatory pain.

Mechanistic Evaluation of Antinociceptive Effects of Bioactive Guided Fractions of Barleria prionitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 3715-3727
Author(s):  
Venkatesh Sama ◽  
Azmathunnisa Begum ◽  
Rajesh Bolleddu ◽  
Ravi Alvala ◽  
Jaya Prakash D
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Hot Plate Test ◽  
Plate Test ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Antinociceptive Effects ◽  
Cns Depressant Activity ◽  
Pain Stimuli

Barleria prionitis Linn.(Acanthaceae) is a prickly shrub and traditionally whole plant is used as anti-inflammatory, expectorant, analgesic, diuretic, antirheumaticand antidiabetic. This study was conducted to investigate the antinociceptive and CNS depressant activity of ethanolic extract and the fractions of B. prionitis in mice. Ethanol extract and its fractions were tested at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg. Ethanol, petroleum ether and chloroform fractions demonstrated significant antinociceptive activity at 400 mg/kg and significantly increased the latency in hot plate test and the action was antagonised by naloxone, indicating a potential opioid-like mechanism. In conclusion, the ethanol, pet ether and chloroform fractions of B. prionitis markedly demonstrated the antinociceptive action. The CNS depressant and good protective effect on pain stimuli suggest that the possible mechanisms appear to be due to involvement of opioid and/or peripheral receptors. 

scholarly journals Accelerated Solvent Extractions (ASE) of Mitragyna speciosa Korth. (Kratom) Leaves: Evaluation of Its Cytotoxicity and Antinociceptive Activity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3704
Author(s):  
Yong Sean Goh ◽  
Thiruventhan Karunakaran ◽  
Vikneswaran Murugaiyah ◽  
Rameshkumar Santhanam ◽  
Mohamad Hafizi Abu Bakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Hek 293 ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
Botanical Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Mitragyna speciosa Korth (kratom) is known for its psychoactive and analgesic properties. Mitragynine is the primary constituent present in kratom leaves. This study highlights the utilisation of the green accelerated solvent extraction technique to produce a better, non-toxic and antinociceptive active botanical extract of kratom. ASE M. speciosa extract had a dry yield (0.53–2.91 g) and showed a constant mitragynine content (6.53–7.19%) when extracted with organic solvents of different polarities. It only requires a shorter extraction time (5 min) and a reduced amount of solvents (less than 100 mL). A substantial amount of total phenolic (407.83 ± 2.50 GAE mg/g and flavonoids (194.00 ± 5.00 QE mg/g) were found in ASE kratom ethanol extract. The MTT test indicated that the ASE kratom ethanolic leaf extract is non-cytotoxic towards HEK-293 and HeLa Chang liver cells. In mice, ASE kratom ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg) demonstrated a better antinociceptive effect compared to methanol and ethyl acetate leaf extracts. The presence of bioactive indole alkaloids and flavonols such as mitragynine, paynantheine, quercetin, and rutin in ASE kratom ethanolic leaf extract was detected using UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis supports its antinociceptive properties. ASE ethanolic leaf extract offers a better, safe, and cost-effective choice of test botanical extract for further preclinical studies.

scholarly journals Study the antinociceptive effect of the Zingiber officinale ethanolic extract and Vitamin C in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Wisam. H. S. AL- Shebani
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Visceral Pain ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Latency Time ◽  
Significant Prolongation ◽  
Nociceptive Responses

The present study was designed to investigate the antinociceptive activity of seperate andcombined treatments of ethanol extract of Zingiber officinale rhizomes and vitamin C onvisceral nociception induced by intraperitoneal injection of 2% acetic acid which producedwrithing in rats. The preliminary chemical tests were performed on the extract and revealed thepresence of flavanoids, alkaloids and tannins. Visceral nociceptive responses including thelatency time to beginning of the first writhe, number of writhes per hour and the inhibitionpercentage of writhing. Seperate i. p. injection of ethanol extract of Zingiber officinale at dose of25 and 50 mg/kg BW caused significant (P<0.01) increase in latency time and significant(P<0.01) reduction in writhing number. Seperated i. p. injection of vitamin C at dose of 10mg/kg BW caused significant (P<0.05) reduction in writhing number, whereas, i. p injection ofvitamin C at dose of 15 mg/kg BW produced significant prolongation in latency time andreduction in writhing number (P<0.01). Combined treatment with ethanol extract ofZingiber officinale at dose of 25 mg/kg BW and vitamin C at dose of 10 mg/kg BW. i.p.produced significant suppression (P<0.01) in pain responses as compared with the effect of thesame doses when used each seperately. It is concluded that both ethanol extract of Zingiberofficinale rhizomes and vitamin C are able to suppress visceral pain, and vitamin C potentiatesthe antinociceptive effect of the ethanol extract of Zingiber officinale rhizomes

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN FRAKSI N-HEKSAN DAUN AFRIKA (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) DENGAN METODE DPPH

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-257
Author(s):  
Nurul Fatimah ◽  
◽  
Reksi Sundu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Ic50 Value

Free radicals and reactive species are widely believed to contribute to the development of several diseases by causing oxidative stress and eventually oxidative. Vernonia amygdalina (Astereacea) is a small shrub or tree between 1 and 5m high growing throughout tropical Africa. Plants are generally known as bitter leaves is well cultivated and is a general market for merchandise in several countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of hexane fraction from ethanol extract od Frican leaves (Vernonia amygdalina Del.). The method used in this study was the DPPH (1,1-Diphenil-2-Picrylhydrazyl) method. The result of phytochemical screening showed that ethanolic extract of African leaves contained a composition of secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids and saponins. The antioxidant activity of the extract of n-hexane fraction was classified as very weak with an IC50 value of 317.98 ppm.

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