Phytochemical characterization of different yarrow species (Achillea sp.) and investigations into their antimicrobial activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lysanne Apel ◽  
Peter Lorenz ◽  
Sabine Urban ◽  
Simon Sauer ◽  
Otmar Spring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Phenolic Profile ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation

AbstractVarious Achillea species are rich in bioactive compounds and are important medicinal plants in phytotherapy. In the present study, Achillea millefolium L., Achillea moschata Wulfen, and Achillea atrata L. were compared with respect to their phenolic profile and antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria strains (Staphylococcus, Propionibacterium). Particular focus was given to A. atrata, which has hardly been studied so far. Based on the metabolite profile, A. atrata exhibited more similarities to A. moschata than to A. millefolium. The former two only differed in the occurrence of four compounds. The flavonols syringetin-3-O-glucoside and mearnsetin-hexoside, not reported for an Achillea species before, have been detected in A. atrata and A. moschata. All Achillea species reduced growth of the tested bacteria. A. atrata demonstrated highest activity against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, both being involved in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Furthermore, A. atrata has a pronounced anti–methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus potential. Bioassay-guided fractionation revealed that only the most polar fraction of A. moschata displayed antimicrobial activity, which was attributed to phenolics such as apigenin, centaureidin, and nevadensin, being present in high amounts in A. atrata. Thus, this alpine species shows promising antimicrobial activity and might be a potential source for developing novel dermal/topical drugs.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity and chemical characterization of the bark decoction of cumaru stem

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Jaiana Gomes Ferreira ◽  
Patrícia Coelho do Nascimento Nogueira ◽  
Flayanna Gouveia Braga Dias ◽  
Larissa Morais Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Edilberto Rocha Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
1H And 13C Nmr ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

ABSTRACT: The plant, Amburana cearensis A. C. Smith (Fabaceae), commonly called cumaru, is widespread in the Caatinga cearense, a less known ecosystem in Brazil. A. cearensis is rich in several compounds like protocatechuic acid, tannins, coumarin, flavonoids and phenolic heterosides, such as amburosides A and B, that have been isolated. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial potential and draw the chemical profile of the distinct characteristics of A. cearensis stem bark decoction, for its possible potential as a food conservation agent. The chemical compounds were characterized by one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR analyses and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS). The compounds of coumarin, amburosides A and B, and glycosylated (Z)-o-coumaric acid. Using the plaque microdilution technique, the antimicrobial action was tested on Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. The decoction demonstrated antimicrobial activity on Gram-positive bacteria. This was encouraging because natural antimicrobials are beneficial for food production, as they can inhibit the pathogenic microorganisms and boost the quality of hygiene and cleanliness.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Gellan Gum-Pyridoxine Nanoparticle for Treatment of Localized Peripheral Neuropathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S4) ◽  
pp. 576-580
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Gellan Gum ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Antioxidant Assay ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Kinetics Of

Biopolymer has full application as a drug carrier and scaffold in tissue engineering because of its biodegradability and non-toxicity. The present study is focused on novel biopolymer gellan gum as a drug delivery agent. The objective of the study is to synthesize the gellan gum nanoparticle by solvent evaporation emulsification method and characterize it using SEM, DLS, FTIR, and XRD. As pyridoxine is effectively used to treat diabetic peripheral neuropathy, it has been encapsulated with gellan gum and characterized. The antioxidant assay was performed using ABTS reagent, and the activity increases with increasing concentration of nanoparticle. Also, it has significant antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria. Apart from this, the drug release kinetics of the gellan gum- pyridoxine nanoparticle was studied.

scholarly journals A review of phytotherapy of Acne vulgaris

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 3-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Glavas Dodov ◽  
Svetlana Kulevanova
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Pilosebaceous Unit ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Sebum Production

Acne vulgaris (acne) is a cutaneous pleomorphic disorder of the pilosebaceous unit involving abnormalities in sebum production and is characterized by both inflammatory (papules, pustules and nodules) and non-inflammatory (comedones, open and closed) lesions. Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis are common pus-forming microbes responsible for the development of various forms of acne. This disease remains a common condition in industrialized societies, with many mainstream treatment options available. There are many acne products on the market, and making an appropriate selection can be daunting. Common therapies that are used for the treatment of acne include topical, systemic, hormonal, herbal and combination therapy. Topically used agents are benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics and retinoid. Systemically used agents are antibiotics and isotretinoin. However, all such treatments carry risks and none is completely satisfactory. Natural alternatives are gaining greater research support, and have much to offer clinically in this disorder. This review focuses primarily on herbal treatments for acne that show scientific evidence of clinical efficacy, as well as the more common herbs shown to be useful in the treatment of this dermatologic disorder.

scholarly journals Biological characterization of fungal endophytes isolated from agarwood tree Aquilaria crassna Pierre ex Lecomte

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Kim Chi ◽  
Le Huu Cuong ◽  
Tran Thi Nhu Hang ◽  
Nguyen Dinh Luyen ◽  
Tran Thi Hong Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Aquilaria Crassna ◽  
Fruity Odor

In recent years, a considerable number of studies on the role of microbes in agarwood production have been carried out in plants of the species Aquilaria. Based on the fact that there is a relationship between the microorganisms residing inside the plant and the agarwood formation, we isolated and characterized endophytic fungi associated with A. crassna samples collected from Southern Vietnam. Morphological identification and DNA barcoding analysis of the fungal endophytic isolates indicated that they were classified at least into three groups of diverse genera: Geotrichum, Fusarium and Colletotrichum belonging to families Dipodascaceae, Nectriaceae and Glomerellaceae, respectively.  Noteworthy, Geotrichum candium strain SHTr1 isolated from a dark colored woody sample of agarwood was able to produce a fruity odor and exhibited a slight antimicrobial activity against the test bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Another fungal isolate, Fusarium verticillioides SHTr3’s, showed a moderate antimicrobial activity against a test Gram positive bacteria Bacillus subtillis and S. aureus with MIC values at 50 μg.mL-1. At 200 μg.mL-1, the ethyl acetate extracts of fungal isolates F. verticillioides SHTr3 and Colletotrichum truncatum SHTrHc7 were found to have comparable scavenging abilities on DPPH-free radicals with 53.87 and 71.82%, respectively. The present results contribute to a depiction of a diverse fungal endophytic community in Vietnamese agarwood plant A. crassna and provide important information for further understanding of the role of endophytic fungi in agarwood formation and therapeutic applications of host plants in general.

scholarly journals The susceptibility of pathogens associated with acne vulgaris to antibiotics

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Bernadette Simbolon Sitohang ◽  
Hafizah Fathan ◽  
Evita Effendi ◽  
Mardiastuti Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bacterial Identification ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris is a pilosebaceous disorder. Bacterial activity and inflammation both influence acne formation. Antibiotics suppress the bacterial activities and elicit anti-inflammatory effects. The overuse of antibiotics may lead to resistance in bacteria. This study was aimed to provide an overview of bacteria that may cause acne and determine their susceptibility to antibiotics.METHODS This was a cross-sectional study sampling from 93 patients with acne in Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital. Comedones were extracted and cultured on Brucella blood agar, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions at 35oC for 24–48 hours. Bacterial identification was performed using Vitek®, and susceptibility test using E-test. Data interpretation was based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2015.RESULTS Staphylococcus epidermidis (50.5%), Propionibacterium acnes (11.0%), and Staphylococcus aureus (7.7%) were identified. Bacteria were not found in 69.2% and 1.1% of samples in anaerobic and aerobic cultures, respectively. P. acnes was susceptible to doxycycline (100%) and minocycline (100%), while 10% was resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. S. epidermidis was susceptible to minocycline (100%); but resistant to erythromycin (65.2%), clindamycin (52.2%) and tetracycline (32.6%). The susceptibility of S. epidermidis to doxycycline was 89.1%, which was lower than that of P. acnes (100%). S. aureus was found to be sensitive to minocycline (100%), doxycycline (71.4%), clindamycin (71.4%), and tetracycline (71.4%); but it was resistant to erythromycin (42.9%).CONCLUSIONS Doxycycline and minocycline showed 100% effectiveness for P. acnes. The isolated bacteria were more susceptible to doxycycline compared to tetracycline. The use of clindamycin and erythromycin needs to be limited as most S. epidermidis isolates were resistant to both.

scholarly journals Evaluation in vitro of antimicrobial activity of tucumã oil (Astrocaryum Vulgare)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Rossato ◽  
Larissa da Silva Silveira ◽  
Leonardo Quintana Soares Lopes ◽  
Walter Paixão De Sousa Filho ◽  
Larissa Finger Schaffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
The Family

Hospital Infection is a major health problem and affects around 1.5 million people annually around the world. The Amazon region has a wide diversity of native palm trees that have fruits and oilseeds. Astrocaryum vulgare, commonly known as Tucumã in Brazil, belongs to the family Arecaceae. This palm has orange, fleshy, single-egg-shaped fruits that are used for therapeutic purposes in diseases of the eyes and skin due to the high content of carotenoids, oil is used in cooking, health treatment and massage. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of the Tucumã oil against 18 microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity of Tucumã was measured through the determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), as well as the determination of the Minimum Microbicidal Concentration (CMM) aiming to contribute to the discovery of new antimicrobials against pathogenic microorganisms’ human health and may contribute to the treatment of nosocomial infections. The results showed that the oil of Tucumã presented antimicrobial activity against five important bacteria, four Gram - positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus agalactiae) and one Gram - negative (Acinetobacter baumannii).

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