Comparison of the cyclic fatigue resistance of ProGlider, PathGlider and One G path-finding instruments

Background. The aim of the present study was to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of novel nickel titanium rotary pathfinding instruments. Methods. Twenty instruments were selected for each file system. A simulated stainless steel root canal, with a 90° angle of curvature and a curvature radius of 3 mm, was used for cyclic fatigue test of the ProGlider (#16, progressive taper: 0.02‒ 0.085), PathGlider (#15, taper: .03), and One G (#14, taper: .03) instruments. Statistical analyses were performed with oneway ANOVA (P=0.05). Post hoc Tukey tests were used to determine any statistically significant differences between the groups. Results. The ProGlider instruments exhibited significantly more cyclic fatigue resistance than both PathGlider and One G instruments (P<0.001). One G instruments had significantly more resistance to fracture than PathGlider instruments (P<0.05). Conclusion. ProGlider instruments had better cyclic fatigue resistance than PathGlider and One G instruments.

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Resistance to Cyclic Fatigue of Nickel-Titanium Files Immersed in Sodium Hypochlorite at Body Temperature

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2020/8830163 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Hind F. Abuhulaibah ◽

Ammar AbuMostafa

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Cyclic Fatigue ◽

Nickel Titanium ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Drop ◽

Number Of Cycles ◽

Post Hoc ◽

One Way Anova

Background/purpose. To assess the resistance to cyclic fatigue (CF) displayed by two nickel-titanium (NiTi) files, One Curve (OC) and ProTaper Gold (PTG), after their immersion in 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution at body temperature. Materials and Methods. Forty-five files from each brand were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 15) and subjected to the following: no immersion (control), 1-minute immersion, and 5-minute immersion in 2.5% NaOCl at 37°C. CF for all the files was tested within a well-lubricated stainless-steel artificial canal in a water bath at 37°C simulating body temperature. The procedure was video recorded, and the number of cycles to fracture (NCF) was calculated by multiplying the time taken to fracture, with the number of rotations per second. The data were analyzed for normality, and thereafter, one-way ANOVA with multiple Bonferroni was used as the post hoc test. Results. The resistance to CF of OC files was significantly higher than PTG files in all groups. In groups immersed in NaOCl for one minute, OC files showed significant drop in the CF resistance; PTG files showed a drop as well but not significantly. Both files demonstrated a significant drop in resistance to CF after immersion in NaOCl for five minutes compared to the control group. Conclusion. OC files were significantly more resistant to CF compared to PTG in all groups. Immersion in 2.5% NaOCl for 5 minutes significantly reduced the resistance to CF for all the files.

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Evaluation of Cyclic Fatigue of Hyflex EDM, Twisted Files, and ProTaper Gold Manufactured with Different Processes: An In Vitro Study

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2021/7402658 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Pooja D. Khandagale ◽

Prashant P. Shetty ◽

Saleem D. Makandar ◽

Pradeep A. Bapna ◽

Mohmed Isaqali Karobari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Resistance ◽

Root Canal ◽

File Systems ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Cyclic Fatigue ◽

Segment Length ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Number Of Cycles ◽

Post Hoc

Introduction. The main aims of root canal instrumentation are to provide an environment that will lead to healing and to provide a root canal shape that is comfortable to clean and seal. When working with rotary endodontic instruments, the most significant concerns are that the instrument might fracture in the root canal, thus affecting the treatment outcome. Hence, it is of immense importance to know which file systems have more cyclic fatigue resistance. Methodology. This study evaluated the effect of the curved segment length of the artificial canal (the arch), and the number of cycles necessary in fracture of Hyflex EDM, Twisted files, and ProTaper Gold were recorded. Sixty NiTi rotary instruments of 25 mm length (Hyflex EDM (20), Twisted files (20), and ProTaper Gold (20)) were tested in a metal block with simulated canal having 90° angle of curvature. The study was performed with a specific radius and degree of curvature, i.e., 8 mm radius and 90⁰ angle of curvature, and data obtained were subsequently subjected to statistical evaluation using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test. Result. The Hyflex EDM (774.29) exhibited the maximum cyclic fatigue resistance compared to Twisted files (654.875) and ProTaper Gold (375.575). A statistically significant difference was observed between the tested groups. Conclusion. The Hyflex EDM files showed the highest cyclic fatigue resistance, followed by Twisted files and ProTaper Gold files.

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Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Nickel-titanium Rotary Instruments according to the Angle of File Access and Radius of Root Canal

Journal of Endodontics ◽

10.1016/j.joen.2019.11.015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 431-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Eugenio Pedullà ◽

Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa ◽

Chiara Virgillito ◽

Ernesto Rapisarda ◽

Hyeon-Cheol Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Resistance ◽

Root Canal ◽

Cyclic Fatigue ◽

Nickel Titanium ◽

File Access ◽

Rotary Instruments

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Shaping Ability, Cyclic Fatigue Resistance and Fractographic Analysis of Hybrid and Reciprocating Nickel Titanium Endodontic Instruments

Metals ◽

10.3390/met10020172 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 172 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Saulius Drukteinis ◽

Vytaute Peciuliene ◽

Ruta Bendinskaite ◽

Vilma Brukiene ◽

Rasmute Maneliene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Resistance ◽

Root Canal ◽

Cyclic Fatigue ◽

Nickel Titanium ◽

Significance Level ◽

Root Canals ◽

Working Length ◽

Before And After ◽

Canal Transportation ◽

Shaping Ability

The aim of this study was to investigate the shaping ability and cyclic fatigue resistance of Genius (GN) and WaveOne (WO) nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments. Forty mesial root canals of mandibular molars were randomly divided into two groups, according to the instrument system used for root canal preparation (n = 20): GN and WO. Root canals were prepared to the full working length using the crown-down technique, with up to 40.04 instruments for GN group and 40.08 instruments for WO group. Specimens were scanned with a µCT before and after instrumentation. The changes in 3D parameters and degree of canal transportation were evaluated in the apical, middle and coronal thirds of root canals. Size 25, taper 0.04 (GN) and 0.08 (WO) instruments (n = 20) were used in simulated root canals until fracturing, and the number of cycles to failure (NCF) was recorded. The fractured files were investigated under a scanning electron microscope to characterize fractured surfaces. Data were analyzed using ANOVA post hoc Tuckey’s tests with the significance level set at 5%. The GN system was able to prepare the higher percentage of the canal surface with less canal transportation in all root canal thirds and displayed the higher resistance to cyclic fatigue in comparison to WO instruments (p < 0.05). However, the length of the fractured segments was not significantly different among the groups; meanwhile, SEM investigations revealed the typical topographic characteristics of fractured surfaces. Hybrid GN instruments demonstrated superior shaping ability and resistance to cyclic fatigue. However, both NiTi instrument systems prepared the root canals with no significant shaping errors, considerable changes in 3D parameters and no significant differences in the topographic appearances of the instrument surfaces after fractures.

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Influence of cross-section and number of use in cyclic fatigue resistance of rotary instruments

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences ◽

10.20396/bjos.v18i0.8656598 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

pp. e191208

Author(s):

Luís César Brisighello ◽

George Táccio de Miranda Candeiro ◽

Luiza Riomar Paz ◽

Hermano Camelo Paiva ◽

Giulio Gavini

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Fatigue Resistance ◽

Significant Influence ◽

Root Canal ◽

Cyclic Fatigue ◽

Curvature Radius ◽

Rotary Instruments ◽

The Cross ◽

Number Of Cycles ◽

Electric Engine

Aim: The aim of present study was to evaluate if the cross-section and the number of use have influence in cyclic fatigue resistance of rotary files. Methods: K3 Endo (group K) and EndoSequence (group E) files, 25/.04, 25 mm, were subdivided into 3 subgroups (n=12) according to the number of uses, 1, 3 and 5 uses, totalizing 72 files. The files were submitted to dynamic assays device moved by an electric engine, using 300 rpm of speed that permitted the reproduction of pecking motion. The files run within a temperate steel ring’s groove, simulating an instrumentation of a curved root canal with 40-degrees and 5-mm of curvature radius. The fracture of file was detected by sensor of device and the time and the number of cycles was acquired. The data were analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA (p<0.05). Results: There were no statistical significant differences in regard to the number of uses (p>0.05). K3 Endo files showed greater resistance to cyclic fatigue than EndoSequence instruments (p<0.01). Conclusion: It may be concluded that the cross-section of instruments presented significant influence in cyclic fatigue resistance and the number of uses up to 5 times had no influence in cyclic fatigue resistance in both NiTi rotation systems evaluated.

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Cyclic fatigue resistance of VDW.ROTATE and Reciproc Blue nickel-titanium files at root canal temperature

Journal of Dental Research Dental Clinics Dental Prospects ◽

10.34172/joddd.2020.032 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 177-180

Author(s):

Ahmet Demirhan Uygun

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Resistance ◽

Root Canal ◽

Cyclic Fatigue ◽

Nickel Titanium ◽

Reciprocating Motion ◽

Motion Group ◽

Continuous Rotation ◽

Time To Fracture ◽

Motion Groups ◽

Rotation Motion

Background. This study aimed to compare the VDW.ROTATE instruments with the Reciproc Blue instruments in different kinematics in terms of the cyclic fatigue resistance. Methods. Sixty instruments, 40 VDW.ROTATE and 20 Reciproc Blue instruments, were divided into three groups (n=20): VDW.ROTATE was used in both continuous rotation and reciprocation, and Reciproc Blue was used in reciprocation only. The cyclic fatigue resistance test was carried out in an artificial canal (60°, r=3 mm) at an intracanal temperature of 35±2°C until fracture, and the time to fracture was recorded in seconds. The data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal–Wallis and Tamhane’s T2 tests (P<0.05). Results. DAll the reciprocating motion groups resulted in a longer mean duration to failure than the continuous rotation motion group (P<0.05). Conclusion. It was observed that the Reciproc Blue instruments had higher cyclic fatigue resistance than VDW.ROTATE instruments (P<0.05). Recent studies have shown that reciprocal movement increases cyclic fatigue resistance compared to rotational movement. The VDW.ROTATE instrument, which has a similar size, design, and alloy as the Reciproc Blue instrument, can also be used by clinicians in reciprocating motion with endo motors capable of reciprocating in different directions. However, even if the cyclic fatigue resistance increases by using VDW.ROTATE instruments in reciprocation, the cyclic fatigue resistance is lower than Reciproc Blue instruments.

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EVALUATION OF SHAPING EFFICACY AND CANAL CENTERING ABILITY OF RECIPROCATING HANDPIECE WITH STAINLESS STEEL K FILE, NITI K FILE AND WAVEONE USING CBCT.

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i7.1323 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Sundaresan Balagopal ◽

Bahavathi Anandhan Hema Sathya ◽

C Charanya ◽

Vandana James ◽

Vasudevan Navabharathy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Root Canal ◽

File System ◽

Analysis Data ◽

System A ◽

Honestly Significant Difference ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Shaping Ability ◽

Group 1

Introduction: Continuously tapered form of root canal and to maintain the original shape and position of the apical foramen is the key element in root canal treatment. However, canal curvature may cause difficulty in instrumentation. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shaping efficacy and centering ability of reciprocating handpiece with stainless steel (SS) K files and Nickel Titanium (NiTi) K files in 90 degree and WaveOne gold file system in 150 counterclockwise and 30 clockwise reciprocation using cone bean computer tomography. Materials and methods: Thirty freshly extracted human mandibular molars with fully formed apices were taken for the study and 11 mm of distal roots were used for the study. They were divided into three groups (n=10). All the three groups were instrumented using reciprocating handpiece. The file system used for Group 1, 2 and 3 are SS k file, NiTi K files, and WaveOne gold file respectively. Statistical analysis: Data was tabulated and One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey post hoc honestly significant difference (HSD) test were conducted at p=0.05 significance. Results: The results revealed significant variations in shaping efficacy and centering ability at various level by all the three file system. A good canal taper and improved shaping efficacy was significantly reported in favor of WaveOne gold reciprocating file. Conclusion: The WaveOne Gold showed better shaping ability whereas the canal centering ability at the coronal, middle and the apical third were not found uniform for the three tested instrument. Keywords: Shaping efficacy, Canal centering, reciprocating handpiece, NiTi files, WaveOne Gold, CBCT

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The comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of two different reciprocal files according to different access angles into the root canal

International Dental Research ◽

10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.18 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (Suppl. 1) ◽

pp. 114-121

Author(s):

Mehmet Dundar ◽

Özkan Adıgüzel ◽

Sadullah Kaya

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Fatigue Resistance ◽

Root Canal ◽

File Systems ◽

Cyclic Fatigue ◽

Curvature Radius ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Native Speakers Of English ◽

Numeric Data ◽

Clinical Conditions

Aim: Root canal preparation is one of the most important steps of root canal treatment. Preparation procedure includes disinfection and shaping protocols. Ni-Ti rotary file systems are usually used for shaping. The biggest disadvantage of the usage of Ni-Ti rotary file systems is that the file gets broken during the treatment. There are many reasons for the breakage of files. One of the reasons may be the increase in the access angle. The purpose of this study is to compare the cyclic fatigue of reciprocating Reciproc and WaveOne Gold rotary systems according to different angles of accessing the root canal of Ni-Ti files. Methodology: In our study, 90 root canal files were used, 45 of which is Reciproc R25 (VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany) and the other 45 of which is WaveOne Gold Primary 25/07 (Dentsply, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Specially designed and manufactured stainless steel artificial roots whose curvature angle is 60° and curvature radius is 5 mm, which replicates the clinical conditions, were arranged. By enabling the files access the roots at 0°- 15°- 30° degrees, the lap numbers that they do till they break due to cyclic fatigue were examined. Results: When looking at the lap numbers that the Reciproc and WaveOne Gold root canal files do till they break, at accessing the roots at the same angles WaveOne Gold root canal file makes more lap numbers at all angles when compared with the Reciproc root canal file. Significant results were found when the groups were compared within one another and between groups and among all numeric data in the statistical analysis performed. It was also found that WaveOne Gold root canal file had more cyclic fatigue resistance. When the groups were compared within one another, it was found that the increase in the root access angle decreases the cyclic fatigue resistance of the files (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in the statistical analysis for comparison of the length of the broken file pieces (p=0.01). It was analyzed that when the broken files were examined via scanning electron microscope, file breakages occurred due to cyclic fatigue. Conclusion: Not only do the design features and production technology affect the breakage resistance due to cyclic fatigue of the root canal, the access angle to the roots affects the cyclic fatigue of the root canal files, as well. How to cite this article: Adıgüzel Ö, Dundar M, Kaya S. The comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of two different reciprocal files according to different entry angles into the root canal. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):114-21. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.18 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

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Effect of synchronous irrigation on cyclic fatigue of nickel-titanium instrument in the dynamic and static models

Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials ◽

10.1177/2280800020987403 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 228080002098740

Author(s):

Haiyun Liu ◽

Yanfeng Li ◽

Guangquan Chai ◽

Yuan Lv ◽

Changjian Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Resistance ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Dynamic Control ◽

Cyclic Fatigue ◽

Nickel Titanium ◽

Control Group ◽

Time To Failure ◽

Dynamic Tests ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Experimental Group

Objective: To evaluate the effect of synchronous water irrigation on the fatigue resistance of nickel-titanium instrument. Methods: A standardized cyclic fatigue test models were established, and five types of nickel-titanium instruments (PTU F1, WO, WOG, RE, and M3) were applied. Each instrument was randomly divided into two groups ( N = 12). There was synchronous water irrigation in the experimental group, and no water irrigation in the control group. Besides, ProTaper Universal F1 was randomly divided into 10 groups ( N = 20). In the static group, nickel-titanium instruments were divided into one control group (no irrigation, N = 20) and six experimental group (irrigation, N = 20) based on different flow rate, angle and position; while in the dynamic group, instruments were divided into one control group (no irrigation, N = 20) and two experimental group (irrigation, N = 20) based on different flow rate. The rotation time (Time to Failure, TtF) of instruments was recorded and analyzed. Results: According to the static experiments, the TtF of instruments in all experimental groups was significantly higher than that in the static control group. Besides, the dynamic tests of PTU F1 showed that the TtF in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the dynamic control group. Compared with control group, the TtF in the experimental groups increased by at least about 30% and up to 160%. The static and dynamic tests of PTU F1 showed that the TtF of nickel-titanium instrument in all experimental groups was significantly higher than that in the control group. However, there was no significant difference between any two experimental groups. Conclusion: Regardless of dynamic or static model, TtF with irrigation was longer than that with non-irrigation, indicating that synchronous irrigation can increase the fatigue resistance of nickel-titanium instrument. However, different irrigation conditions may have the same effect on the fatigue resistance.

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