Effect of Mixture of Atractylodes macrocephala and Amomum villosum Extracts on Body Weight and Lipid Metabolism in High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Ha Rim Kim ◽  
Yong Kwan Kwon ◽  
Bong Keun Choi ◽  
Hyun Jong Jung ◽  
Dong Gi Baek
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Atractylodes Macrocephala ◽  
Amomum Villosum

scholarly journals Oral Supplements of Combined Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® and Xylooligosaccharides Improve High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Modulate the Gut Microbiota in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Yuyuan Li ◽  
Man Liu ◽  
He Liu ◽  
Xiaoqing Wei ◽  
Xianying Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

Gut dysbiosis induced by high-fat diet (HFD) may result in low-grade inflammation leading to diverse inflammatory diseases. The beneficial effects of probiotics and prebiotics on obesity have been reported previously. However, their benefits in promoting human health and the underlying mechanisms still need to be further characterized. This study is aimed at understanding how probiotic Bacillus licheniformis Zhengchangsheng® (BL) and prebiotic xylooligosaccharides (XOS) influence the health of a rat model with HF (60 kcal %) diet-induced obesity. Five groups of male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were fed a normal fat diet (CON) or an HFD with or without BL and XOS supplementation for 3 weeks. Lipid profiles, inflammatory biomarkers, and microbiota composition were analyzed at the end of the experiment. Rats fed an HFD exhibited increased body weight and disordered lipid metabolism. In contrast, combined BL and XOS supplementation inhibited body weight gain and returned lipid metabolism to normal. Furthermore, BL and XOS administration changed the gut microbiota composition and modulated specific bacteria such as Prevotellaceae, Desulfovibrionaceae, and Ruminococcaceae. In addition, supplements of combined BL and XOS obviously reduced the serum LPS level, which was significantly related to microbial variations. Our findings suggest that modulation of the gut microbiota as a result of probiotic BL and prebiotic XOS supplementation has a positive effect on HFD-induced obesity in rats.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Butyrate on Diet-Induced Obesity and Lipid Metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 525-525
Author(s):  
Jinyoung Shon ◽  
Yoon Jung Park
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Acid Receptor ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

Abstract Objectives We examined the effects of dietary butyrate, a short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on body weight control and metabolism in a diet-induced obesity rat model. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high-fat diet for 14 weeks. Sodium butyrate was administrated through diet supplementation at 3% wt/wt for long-term (14 weeks) or drinking water at 1% for short-term (2 weeks). Serum and feces were collected. Colon and liver tissues used for analyzing mRNA expression. To assess the effects of butyrate on lipid metabolism, 3T3-L1 cells were treated with sodium butyrate and sodium-3-hyroxybutyrate during adipogenic differentiation. Results On the high-fat diet, dietary supplementation of butyrate protected against body weight gain. Interestingly, food intake was increased and consistently colonic Proglucagon (Gcg), encoding Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) involved in appetite-suppression, was decreased. In contrast, short-term administration of butyrate did not affect body weight and food intake. Free fatty acid receptor 2 (Ffar2), a G-protein coupled receptor recognizing SCFAs and stimulating GLP-1 production, was decreased in colon. The colonic Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (Hcar2) and Tight junction protein-1 (Tjp1) marginally increased but expression of inflammatory cytokines was not altered, implicating that anti-obesity effects of butyrate were not primarily through colon. In the liver, butyrate showed significantly decreased Ffar2 and Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ (Ppar-γ). In the butyrate group, aberrant phenotypes were observed including hyperlipidemia and alteration of serum level of adiponectin without change in fecal energy density. Intriguingly, in the 3T3-L1 cell line, fat accumulation was significantly stimulated at lower concentration of butyrate with elevated expression of Ffar2 and Ppar-γ. High concentration of butyrate reduced Ffar2 and Ppar-γ and suppressed adipocytic fat accumulation. Conclusions Our results suggested that dietary butyrate prevented diet-induced obesity despite increased food intake. Moreover, butyrate may regulate lipid metabolism in a dose-dependent manner. Funding Sources This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education. J.S is grateful for financial support from Hyundai Motor Chung Mong-Koo Foundation.

Trans-palmitoleic Acid Reduces Adiposity via Increased Lipolysis in a Rodent Model of Diet-Induced Obesity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
L. Irasema Chávaro-Ortiz ◽  
Brenda D. Tapia-Vargas ◽  
Mariel Rico-Hidalgo ◽  
Ruth Gutiérrez-Aguilar ◽  
María E. Frigolet
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Adipocyte Size ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract Obesity is defined as increased adiposity, which leads to metabolic disease. The growth of adipose tissue depends on its capacity to expand, through hyperplasia or hypertrophy, in order to buffer energy surplus. Also, during the establishment of obesity, adipose tissue expansion reflects adipose lipid metabolism (lipogenesis and/or lipolysis). It is well known that dietary factors can modify lipid metabolism promoting or preventing the development of metabolic abnormalities that concur with obesity. Trans-palmitoleic acid (TP), a biomarker of dairy consumption, has been associated with reduced adiposity in clinical studies. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of TP over adiposity and lipid metabolism-related genes in a rodent model of diet-induced obesity (DIO). To fulfil this aim, we fed C57BL/6 mice with a Control or a High Fat diet, added with or without TP (3g/kg diet), during 11 weeks. Body weight and food intake were monitored, fat pads were weighted, histology of visceral adipose tissue was analysed, and lipid metabolism-related gene expression was explored by qPCR. Results show that TP consumption prevented weight gain induced by high fat diet, reduced visceral adipose tissue weight, and adipocyte size, while increasing the expression of lipolytic molecules. In conclusion, we show for the first time that TP influences adipose tissue metabolism, specifically lipolysis, resulting in decreased adiposity and reduced adipocyte size in a DIO mice model.

scholarly journals Antiobesity and Hypolipidemic Activity of Moringa oleifera Leaves against High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souravh Bais ◽  
Guru Sewak Singh ◽  
Ramica Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

In the present study, the methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (MEMOL) was evaluated for antiobesity activity in rats. The antiobesity potential of MEMOL was studied against high fat diet-induced obesity (HFD) in rats. In this study, chronic administration of HFD in rats produced hypercholesterolemia (116.2 ± 0.27 mg/dL), which led to an increase in the body weight (225 gr), total cholesterol, triglycerides (263.0 ± 4.69 mg/dL), and attenuation in the levels of HDL (34.51 ± 2.20 mg/dL) as well as changes in body temperature of animals. Treatment of obese rats with MEMOL for 49 days resulted in a significant (P<0.001) change in body weight, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL level along with a significant (P<0.001) increase in body temperature as compared to the HFD-induced obesity. MEMOL treated rats also showed a significant decrease in the level of liver biomarkers, organ weight, and blood glucose level. Further, rats treated with MEMOL (200 mg and 400 mg/kg) show reduced atherogenic index (1.7 ± 0.6 and 0.87 ± 0.76). The results indicate that the rats treated with Moringa oleifera (MO) have significantly attenuated the body weight without any change in the feed intake and also elicited significant thermogenic effect and to act as hypolipidemic and thermogenic property in obesity related disorders.

Black rice anthocyanins alleviate hyperlipidemia, liver steatosis and insulin resistance by regulating lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in obese mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haizhao Song ◽  
Xinchun Shen ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Xiaodong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

Supplementation of black rice anthocyanins (BRAN) alleviated high fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis by improvement of lipid metabolism and modification of the gut microbiota.

Genistein inhibits high fat diet-induced obesity through miR-222 by targeting BTG2 and adipor1

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 2418-2426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mailin Gan ◽  
Linyuan Shen ◽  
Shujie Wang ◽  
Zhixian Guo ◽  
Ting Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Regulate Lipid Metabolism

Genistein may regulate lipid metabolism in adipose tissue of obese mice by regulating the expression of miR-222 and its target genes, BTG2 and adipor1.

Effects of Zinc Alpha2 Glycoprotein on Lipid Metabolism of Liver in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 793-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Fan ◽  
Yu Qiao ◽  
Shixing Gao ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
Ruqian Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Recombinant Plasmid ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Protein Levels

AbstractZinc alpha2 glycoprotein (ZAG) is a new type of adipokine involved in adipose tissue mobilization, however, little is known about its lipid metabolism effect in liver. Therefore, we investigated the effects of ZAG in the regulation of hepatic lipid accumulation. Mice were randomly divided into two groups; one was fed a normal diet and another was fed a high-fat diet for eight weeks to establish obesity model. After that, the normal diet group was divided into ND (injection of pcDNA3.1) and NDZ (injection of ZAG recombinant plasmid) and the high-fat diet group was divided into HF (injection of pcDNA3.1) and HFZ (injection of ZAG recombinant plasmid). The mice were weighed once per week and injected with plasmid once every three days for eight times. The results showed that body weight and hepatic TG content were decreased dramatically in HFZ group compared with HF group. The stearoyl-CoAdesaturase1 (SCD1) and Acyl-CoA Synthetase-1 (ACSS1) protein levels in HFZ group were significantly decreased. Furthermore, phosphorylated hormone sensitive lipase (P-HSL) was significantly higher in HFZ group. In HFZ group, hepatic fatty acid translocase (CD36) and fatty acids binding protein-1 (FABP1) protein levels were reduced. In addition, the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase A (PPKA) in HFZ group was higher than the HF group. Meanwhile, NDZ group showed significantly decreased body weight and increased P-HSL level though the hepatic TG content showed no significantly changes compared with the ND group. Therefore, we conclude that ZAG may be beneficial for preventing high-fat-diet-induced hepatic lipid metabolic disorders.

scholarly journals Differential Effects of Combined Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor t-TUCB and n-3 Epoxides in Diet-Induced Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1260-1260
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Xinyun Xu ◽  
Christophe Morisseau ◽  
Bruce Hammock ◽  
Ahmed Bettaieb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Epoxide Hydrolase ◽  
Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Brown Adipose

Abstract Objectives Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a promising target for obesity prevention. N-3 epoxides are fatty acid epoxides produced from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and shown to be beneficial for health. However, these epoxides are unstable and quickly metabolized by the cytosolic soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Here, we investigated the effects of sEH inhibitor (t-TUCB) alone or combined with two different n-3 epoxides on BAT activation in the development of diet-induced obesity and associated metabolic disorders. Methods Male C57BL6/J mice were fed a high-fat diet and received either of the following treatment: the vehicle control, t-TUCB alone (T), or t-TUCB combined with 19,20-EDP (T + EDP) or 17,18-EEQ (T + EEQ) via osmotic minipump delivery near the interscapular BAT for 6 weeks. Mice were examined for changes in body weight, food intake, glucose, insulin, and cold tolerance tests, and indirect calorimetry. Blood and tissue biochemical analyses were also performed to assess changes in metabolic homeostasis. Results Although no differences in food intake were observed, there were small but significant increases in body weight in both T and T + EDP groups. Mice in the T + EDP and T + EEQ groups showed significant decreases in fasting glucose and serum TG levels, higher core body temperature, and better cold tolerance compared to the controls. However, heat production was significantly increased only in the T + EEQ group. Thermogenic UCP1 protein expression showed a moderate, but not significant, increase in the T + EEQ group. On the other hand, PGC1 α protein expression was significantly increased in the T, T + EDP, and T + EEQ groups compared to the controls. Perilipin protein expression and phosphorylation were also significantly increased in the three treated groups. In contrast, protein expression of FABP4 and HSL was only increased in the T and T + EDP groups, and CD36 protein expression was only increased in the T + EEQ group. Conclusions Our results suggest that sEH pharmacological inhibition by t-TUCB combined with n-3 epoxides may prevent high-fat diet-induced glucose and lipid disorders, in part through increased thermogenesis and upregulating of protein expression of thermogenic and lipid metabolic genes. Funding Sources The work was supported by NIH grants to L.Z., A.B., and B.D.H.

scholarly journals Atypical cannabinoid ligands O-1602 and O-1918 administered chronically in diet-induced obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C Simcocks ◽  
Kayte A Jenkin ◽  
Lannie O’Keefe ◽  
Chrishan S Samuel ◽  
Michael L Mathai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
G Protein ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptor ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Atypical cannabinoid compounds O-1602 and O-1918 are ligands for the putative cannabinoid receptors G protein-coupled receptor 55 and G protein-coupled receptor 18. The role of O-1602 and O-1918 in attenuating obesity and obesity-related pathologies is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine the role that either compound had on body weight and body composition, renal and hepatic function in diet-induced obesity. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet (40% digestible energy from lipids) or a standard chow diet for 10 weeks. In a separate cohort, male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet for 9 weeks and then injected daily with 5 mg/kg O-1602, 1 mg/kg O-1918 or vehicle (0.9% saline/0.75% Tween 80) for a further 6 weeks. Our data demonstrated that high-fat feeding upregulates whole kidney G protein receptor 55 expression. In diet-induced obesity, we also demonstrated O-1602 reduces body weight, body fat and improves albuminuria. Despite this, treatment with O-1602 resulted in gross morphological changes in the liver and kidney. Treatment with O-1918 improved albuminuria, but did not alter body weight or fat composition. In addition, treatment with O-1918 also upregulated circulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1α, IL-2, IL-17α, IL-18 and RANTES as well as plasma AST. Thus O-1602 and O-1918 appear not to be suitable treatments for obesity and related comorbidities, due to their effects on organ morphology and pro-inflammatory signaling in obesity.

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