Mechanization for Remolding Fine Grained Soils and for the Plastic Limit Test

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
SF Etris ◽  
KC Lieb ◽  
VK Sisca ◽  
IC Moore ◽  
AL Batik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Limit ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Limit Test

scholarly journals Review of Recent Developments and Understanding of Atterberg Limits Determinations

Geotechnics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
Brendan C. O’Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Plastic Limit ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Limit Test ◽  
Fine Grained Soil ◽  
Thread Rolling

Among the most commonly specified tests in the geotechnical engineering industry, the liquid limit and plastic limit tests are principally used for (i) deducing useful design parameter values from existing correlations with these consistency limits and (ii) for classifying fine-grained soils, typically employing the Casagrande-style plasticity chart. This updated state-of-the-art review paper gives a comprehensive presentation of salient latest research and understanding of soil consistency limits determinations/measurement, elaborating concisely on the many standardized and proposed experimental testing approaches, their various fundamental aspects and possibly pitfalls, as well as some very recent alternative proposals for consistency limits determinations. Specific attention is given to fall cone testing methods advocated (but totally unsuitable) for plastic limit determination; that is, the water content at the plastic–brittle transition point, as defined using the hand rolling of threads method. A framework (utilizing strength-based fall cone-derived parameters) appropriate for correlating shear strength variation with water content over the conventional plastic range is presented. This paper then describes two new fine-grained soil classification system advancements (charts) that do not rely on the thread-rolling plastic limit test, known to have high operator variability, and concludes by discussing alternative and emerging proposals for consistency limits determinations and fine-grained soil classification.

A Note on the Determination of Plastic Limit of Fine-Grained Soils

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 101960 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Suits ◽  
T. C. Sheahan ◽  
K. Prakash ◽  
A. Sridharan ◽  
H. S. Prasanna
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Limit ◽  
Fine Grained

scholarly journals Reappraisal of the ASTM/AASHTO Standard Rolling Device Method for Plastic Limit Determination of Fine-Grained Soils

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Amin Soltani ◽  
Brendan C. O’Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Soil Classification ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Plastic Limit ◽  
Soil Plasticity ◽  
Reference Limit ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Fine Grained Soil ◽  
Thread Rolling ◽  
Hand Test ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility

Given its apparent limitations, various attempts have been made to develop alternative testing approaches to the standardized rolling-thread plastic limit (PLRT) method (for fine-grained soils), targeting higher degrees of repeatability and reproducibility. Among these, device-rolling techniques, including the method described in ASTM D4318/AASHTO T90 standards, based on original work by Bobrowski and Griekspoor (BG) and which follows the same basic principles as the standard thread-rolling (by hand) test, have been highly underrated by some researchers. To better understand the true potentials and/or limitations of the BG method for soil plasticity determination (i.e., PLBG), this paper presents a critical reappraisal of the PLRT–PLBG relationship using a comprehensive statistical analysis performed on a large and diverse database of 60 PLRT–PLBG test pairs. It is demonstrated that for a given fine-grained soil, the BG and RT methods produce essentially similar PL values. The 95% lower and upper (water content) statistical agreement limits between PLBG and PLRT were, respectively, obtained as −5.03% and +4.51%, and both deemed “statistically insignificant” when compared to the inductively-defined reference limit of ±8% (i.e., the highest possible difference in PLRT based on its repeatability, as reported in the literature). Furthermore, the likelihoods of PLBG underestimating and overestimating PLRT were 50% and 40%, respectively; debunking the notion presented by some researchers that the BG method generally tends to greatly underestimate PLRT. It is also shown that the degree of underestimation/overestimation does not systematically change with changes in basic soil properties; suggesting that the differences between PLBG and PLRT are most likely random in nature. Compared to PLRT, the likelihood of achieving consistent soil classifications employing PLBG (along with the liquid limit) was shown to be 98%, with the identified discrepancies being cases that plot relatively close to the A-Line. As such, PLBG can be used with confidence for soil classification purposes.

A Review of the Plastic Limit Test by Means of Rolling Paths

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 20210059
Author(s):  
Graham E. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Limit ◽  
Limit Test

scholarly journals A Correlation between Compaction Characteristics and Soil Index Properties for Fine-grained Soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Hunar F. Hama Ali ◽  
Ahmed J. Hama Rash ◽  
Madeh I. Hama kareem ◽  
Daban A. Muhedin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Optimum Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Index Properties ◽  
Plastic Limit ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Compaction Characteristics ◽  
Fine Grained

This paper addresses the correlation between the liquid and/or plastic limits with the compaction characteristics, maximum dry density, and optimum moisture content (OMC), for fine-grained soils. In the previous studies, several attempts have been made to identify these two important parameters from other simple soil properties such as index soil properties. Some concluded that liquid limit shows a good correlation with compaction characteristics, while others observed that plastic limit does. In this work, many soil samples have been taken from various locations around Koya city and the required tests have been carried out. The results have been illustrated to identify whether soil index properties can correlate with the compaction characteristics. It is concluded that neither plastic limit nor liquid limit can provide an adequate correlation with maximum dry density and OMC. Contrary to the literature, liquid limit provides better correlations.

scholarly journals Comparative study on Design of flexible pavement by various methods (GI method & CBR method)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2979-2983
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Plastic Limit ◽  
Project Report ◽  
The Road ◽  
Limit Test ◽  
Proctor Test ◽  
Standard Proctor Test

Abstract: In the project report, an attempt is made to design a road, based on the principles of pavement design and cost analysis of y two methods (Group Indexed and CBR Method). On the existing alignment of the road, soil samples are collected for the determination of soil characteristics like consistency limits, sieve analysis, C.B.R. values etc. Based on this the thickness of the pavement (flexible) is designed. The alignment of the road is also designed and fixed by surveying and leveling. The total road length being 497 meters of which, one section is 247m, other is 200m and the third section is 50m. The site selected for this study is of village road near Korba, Korba district of Chhattisgarh, India. Keywords: GI Method, Flexible Pavement, CBR Method, Liquid Limit Test, Plastic Limit, Standard Proctor test, OMS & MDD.

scholarly journals Experimental study on the basic physical properties of diesel contaminated soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Xiaohong He ◽  
Fan Liu ◽  
Guang Li ◽  
Hai Lu
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Plastic Limit ◽  
Limit Test

In order to study the change of the properties of petroleum contaminated soil, the samples of diesel contaminated soil with different degrees of pollution were prepared manually, and their basic physical properties were tested through the particle test, specific gravity test and liquid plastic limit test. The results show that the diesel oil has a great influence on the particle size composition of soil, and the diesel oil makes the content of silt decrease, while the clay increase obviously; the specific gravity of soil sample decreases with the increase of oil content, and it is smaller than the proportion of unpolluted soil sample; the influence of diesel oil on the liquid-plastic limit of soil is different, the plastic limit of soil decreases with the increase of oil content, and the liquid limit increases first at a certain oil content, it reaches a peak value and then decreases.

Application of an image management system in microscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1052-1053
Author(s):  
Richard S. Chemock
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Operational Mode ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Primary Output ◽  
Capacity Data ◽  
Image Management System

One of the most common tasks in a typical analysis lab is the recording of images. Many analytical techniques (TEM, SEM, and metallography for example) produce images as their primary output. Until recently, the most common method of recording images was by using film. Current PS/2R systems offer very large capacity data storage devices and high resolution displays, making it practical to work with analytical images on PS/2s, thereby sidestepping the traditional film and darkroom steps. This change in operational mode offers many benefits: cost savings, throughput, archiving and searching capabilities as well as direct incorporation of the image data into reports.The conventional way to record images involves film, either sheet film (with its associated wet chemistry) for TEM or PolaroidR film for SEM and light microscopy. Although film is inconvenient, it does have the highest quality of all available image recording techniques. The fine grained film used for TEM has a resolution that would exceed a 4096x4096x16 bit digital image.

Use of fractals to describe microstructures of porous thick-film platinum electrodes

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
Steven D. Toteda
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Impedance Response ◽  
Platinum Particles ◽  
Energy Surfaces ◽  
Highly Porous

Zirconia oxygen sensors, in such applications as power plants and automobiles, generally utilize platinum electrodes for the catalytic reaction of dissociating O2 at the surface. The microstructure of the platinum electrode defines the resulting electrical response. The electrode must be porous enough to allow the oxygen to reach the zirconia surface while still remaining electrically continuous. At low sintering temperatures, the platinum is highly porous and fine grained. The platinum particles sinter together as the firing temperatures are increased. As the sintering temperatures are raised even further, the surface of the platinum begins to facet with lower energy surfaces. These microstructural changes can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, but the goal of the work is to characterize the microstructure by its fractal dimension and then relate the fractal dimension to the electrical response. The sensors were fabricated from zirconia powder stabilized in the cubic phase with 8 mol% percent yttria. Each substrate was sintered for 14 hours at 1200°C. The resulting zirconia pellets, 13mm in diameter and 2mm in thickness, were roughly 97 to 98 percent of theoretical density. The Engelhard #6082 platinum paste was applied to the zirconia disks after they were mechanically polished ( diamond). The electrodes were then sintered at temperatures ranging from 600°C to 1000°C. Each sensor was tested to determine the impedance response from 1Hz to 5,000Hz. These frequencies correspond to the electrode at the test temperature of 600°C.

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