WINTER WHEAT GRAIN QUALITY AT VARIOUS TYPES AND TIME OF APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN THE LINK OF FIELD CROP ROTATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (43) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
PAKINA E.N. ◽  
◽  
GASANOV G.N. ◽  
ARSLANOV M.A. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Time Of Application

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers and seed sowing rates on productive tillering, yield and grain quality of winter wheat in the steppe zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 29-29
Author(s):  
Vladimir Bzheumichov ◽  
◽  
Lyudmila Shekikhacheva
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Grain Productivity

The results of a study on the formation of productive tillering, yield and grain quality of winter wheat in the steppe zone of the KBR is presented. It is shown that only further improvement of the methods of cultivation of the best varieties will allow to realize the biological potential of the grain productivity of this crop more fully. The most effective technologies for the cultivation of winter wheat in field crop rotation, aimed at preserving soil fertility and obtaining stable grain yields with minimal labor and resources, have been determined. Keywords: TECHNOLOGY, CULTIVATION, WINTER WHEAT, FERTILIZER, YIELD

scholarly journals The effect of mineral fertilizers and farmyard manure on winter wheat grain yield and grain quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 491-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holík Ladislav ◽  
Hlisnikovský Lukáš ◽  
Kunzová Eva
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Quality Properties

This study evaluated how organic manures and mineral fertilizers affect winter wheat grain and straw yields and grain quality properties. The analysed period of the long-term fertilizer experiment was established in Čáslav, Czech Republic, in 1955 and covers the seasons 2011–2014. The fertilizer treatments were: control; farmyard manure (FYM); FYM + P; FYM + K; FYM + PK; FYM + N<sub>1</sub>; FYM + N<sub>2</sub>; FYM + N<sub>1</sub>PK; FYM + N<sub>2</sub>PK and FYM + N<sub>3</sub>PK. The highest grain yields were recorded in the FYM + P and FYM + N<sub>3</sub>PK treatments (8.9 t/ha). The highest straw yields were recorded in the FYM + N<sub>3</sub>PK treatment (6.52 t/ha). The lowest yields were provided in the unfertilized control and FYM treatments. Qualitative parameters were evaluated in the control, FYM and FYM + N<sub>3</sub>PK treatments between the years 2011 and 2013. The best quality of wheat grain was provided by the FYM + N<sub>3</sub>PK treatment. Combination of the farmyard manure with NPK is the best way to achieve high grain yields with good quality and leads to sustainable food production.

scholarly journals Reserves for the Increase of Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat Grain and Their Dependence on the Heterogeneity of Crops in the Conditions of the Steppe Zone of the Orenburg Urals, Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Gulyanov ◽  
A. A. Chibilyov ◽  
A. A. Chibilyov Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Yield And Quality

Aim. Verification of scientific concepts regarding the spatial heterogeneity of field agrocenoses. Identification of the variability of phytometric and structural crop ndicators and determination of the degree of their influence on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain in the steppe zone of the Orenburg Urals.Material and Methods. Establishment of field experiments, related observations and counts in accordance with the methodology of state variety crops testing and B.A.Dospekhov's guidelin. Monitoring of winter wheat crops was carried by measuring the vegetation index (NDVI) with a Green Seeker Handheld Crop Sensor, Model HCS‐100 (Trimble, USA). Determination of grain quality indicators was conducted according to GOST 9353‐2016 Wheat – Technical Conditions. Microsoft Office Excel was employed for the correlation and regression analysis of experimental data. Results. Analysis of the intra‐field heterogeneity of winter wheat agrocenoses in terms of yield and grain quality was conducted. The dependences of yield and grain quality on the principal crop phytometric and structural parameters were defined and expressed in the form of regression equations.Сonclusion. The results of the studies attest to the growth of reserves of grain yield to 3.0 t/ha and grain quality to class I‐II class in zonal climatic conditions of optimization of environmental factors to the level of the best basic plots by levelling out field soil heterogeneity. This is possible by restoring the fertility of anthropogenically‐degraded soil through the introduction of landscape‐adaptive and resource saving farming systems, soil protective and soil restorative crop rotation, differentiated application of organic and mineral fertilizers and selection of the most adaptive varieties. We also advise the introduction of intelligent ‘digital technologies’ aimed at fuller implementation of the genetic potential of cultivated varieties with careful consideration of natural resources and the preservation of biological diversity.

INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS CONSEQUENCES AND MELIORANTSON WINTER WHEAT IN THE CONDITIONS OF ASKERAN REGION

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Ерицян ◽  
Sergey Eritsyan ◽  
Фарсиян ◽  
Narine Farsiyan
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Yield Formation ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The purpose of research is to identify the influence of the fertilizers aftereffect and ameliorator for yield formation and quality of winter wheat grain Bezostaya 1after predecessor (potatoes) in the unirrigated soils of the Askeran region of NKR in 2011-2014. It should be noted that the winter wheat in the region is an advanced crop, but due to lack of irrigation water and the lack of rainfall is often collected by low yields. Research has established that the aftereffect of fertilizers and meliorants noticeable effect for growth, grain quality and yield formation, the amount of which depends from the application of the system of fertilizer. It is proved that more weak effect preserved when under a precursor have been made only mineral fertilizers (N90P90K90), where as potassium fertilizer was used potash (N90P90K90 option), and when on the same background was used gypsum or bentonite. If in the system N90P90K90 fertilizer (KCl) instead of KCl was used treated dacitic tuff (OTD) or on the same MM backdrop bio-fertilizer, as well as an option manure 30 t/ha + N90P90K90 (KCl), the consequence was significant. In these embodiments, the yield increase compared to control 1 (no fertilizer) was 30.2-57.2%, as compared to the control 2 (N90P90K90 option (KCl) – 10.8-30.6%. In these embodiments, the content of NPK was high in the grain: 1.90-2.15% N; 0.93-0.97% P2O5 and 0.77-0.85% K2O, whereas in the control 1 1.78% nitrogen, phosphorus – 0.69%, 0.53% potassium, and in control 2, accordingly – 1.80%, 0.81%, 0.65%.

scholarly journals YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN UNDER NON-MOLDBOARD SOIL TILLAGE DEPENDING ON DOSES OF MINERAL FERTILIZERSIN THE CROP ROTATIONS OF THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (27) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
V.A. Lukyanov ◽  
◽  
L.B. Nitchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Row Crop ◽  
Wheat Cultivation

In modern agriculture, resource-saving technologies for cultivating grain crops and their optimization are becoming more and more relevant. The use of scientifically-based crop rotations, tillage methods and doses of mineral fertilizers allow increasing economic efficiency of winter wheat cultivation. The purpose of the research was to assess the yield and quality of winter wheat grain depending on different doses of mineral fertilizers under non-moldboard soil tillage in the crop rotations of the Central Chernozem Region. The research was carried out in 2012-2020 in a stationary multifactorial field experiment in Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center. The experimental design included the following options: Factor A – crop rotations (grain-fallow-row, grain-grass-row, grain-grass); Factor B – mineral fertilizers (without fertilizers, N20P40K40, N40P80K80 kg ha-1). The soil of the experimental site is represented by typical, medium-loamy chernozem. The paper shows that the yield of winter wheat grain in the context of non-moldboard soil tillage was higher in the grain-fallow-row crop rotation and amounted to 3.34 t ha-1. In the grain-grass-row and grain-grass crop rotations, yield decreased by 6.6 % and 10.2 %, respectively. The maximum grain yield (3.98 t/ha-1) was obtained in grain-fallow-row crop rotation with N40P80K80. An increase in fertilizers doses led to protein and gluten content increment from 12.6 to 13.3 % and from 22.8 to 25.6 %, respectively; however, the differences in crop rotations were within the limits of experimental error. The grain nature varied according to the studied factors from 708 to 735 g/l-1 and was higher in the grain-fallow-row crop rotation with a dose of mineral fertilizers N40P80K80. Despite more significant net income after increased fertilizers dose (N40P80K80), the increase in the winter wheat grain yield did not allow obtaining a higher level of profitability compared to N20P40K40. Winter wheat cultivation in grain-grass-row crop rotation with N20P40K40 was the most cost-effective. In this variant, the cost of grain was the lowest (4.92 thousand rubles t-1); the profitability, on the contrary, was the highest (103.4 %).

scholarly journals MICROBIOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE ROOT ZONE OF PEA AND WINTER WHEAT PLANTS AT CULTIVATION IN MONOCULTURE AND FOUR FIELD CROP ROTATION

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
I.M. Malinovskaya ◽  
D.V Litvinov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Microbiological Processes

The peculiarities of various microbiological processes at cultivation of winter wheat and pea crops in the permanent and short crop rotations were studied in stationary experiments. It was established that the cultivation of wheat in a monoculture results in intensification of consumption of soil organic matter as compared to the crop rotations: without applications mineral fertilizers on 52,2 %, with mineral fertilizers – on 77,8 %; increase of humus mineralization: without fertilizer on 111 %, with fertilizer (N60P60K60) – on 15 %; and activation of mineralization of nitrogen compounds on 100 and 60,0 %, respectively. Cultivation of peas in a monoculture was also accompanied by intensification of soil organic matter development: without the application of mineral fertilizers by 3,17 times, with mineral fertilizers – by 1,79 times; increase of humus mineralization by 1,73 and 1,88 times, respectively; and activation of mineralization of nitrogen compounds by 2,38 and 1,88 times, respectively. The decrease of humus mineralization activity in the root zone of pea plants as comparing to the wheat was at 45,7 % (monoculture), 19,2 % (crop rotation) and 46,9 % (crop rotation, NPK) levels.

scholarly journals The most important selection criteria in winter wheat breeding for grain quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (28) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
N.A. Galushko ◽  
◽  
N.I. Sokolenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Sedimentation Value

The quality of wheat grain largely depends on the hereditary characteristics of the variety. In 2018-2020, in the North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Center, studies were carried out to search for source material among the diversity of genotypes of common winter wheat at the early stages of the breeding process to select the most promising in the context of grain quality. The soil of the experimental plot is ordinary medium-thick low-humus medium loamy chernozem. The climate of the zone is temperate continental. According to long-term data, the annual sum of effective temperatures is 3177.2 °C; average annual precipitation is 559.6 mm; Selyaninov's hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) is 1.06. Before sowing, complex mineral fertilizers were applied at a dose of N40P60K40; in spring, ammonium nitrate – 26 kg of active ingredient per ha. Fifteen lines of common winter wheat selected according to a complex of breeding valuable signs (yield, resistance to diseases, frost and winter hardiness, drought resistance) served as a material for the studies. Lines were compared with the standard variety ‘Aivina’ according to the most important criteria: gluten mass fraction and quality, protein mass fraction and sedimentation value. Four wheat lines (21663, 20029, 21728, 21944) characterized by gluten of I and II group (gluten content from 23 % to 25.7 %) were identified. They exceeded the standard by 2.0–4.7% and corresponded to the 3 class of grain quality. In line 21944, minor variability of the protein amount (10 %) in the grain by year was noted; in the lines 21226, 21924 and 20029 ‒ average (14.2‒18.7 %); in the rest genotypes, including standard, it was significant (20.1‒34.3 %). On average, over the years of studying, six lines (21420, 21663, 21683, 21118, 21944, 21924) were classified as strong wheat (sedimentation value was in the range of 51‒62 ml). The flour strength of the ‘Aivina’ wheat grain had an average sedimentation value – 49 ml. Lines 21944 and 21924, which exceeded the standard, can be used as sources of high-quality grain when creating new varieties of common winter wheat for regions with a dry period of grain formation.

scholarly journals Removal of basic nutrients from the soil by field crop rotations with different fertilizers

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Н. M. Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
O. D. Cherno ◽  
A. T. Martyniuk ◽  
V. P. Boiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Soybean Straw ◽  
Different Doses

The effect of application of different doses and combinations of mineral fertilizers in field crop rotation on the content of basic nutrients in plants, economic and relative removal of winter wheat, corn, spring barley and soybeans was studied. Soil - Luvic Chernic Phaeozem. The scheme of the experiment includes 11 variants of combinations and separate application of mineral fertilizers and, including the variant without fertilizer. It was found that the level of nitrogen content of easily hydrolyzed compounds in the soil significantly affects its content in the grain of spring barley, corn, soybeans (R2 = 0,92–0,93), less - winter wheat (R2 = 0,63). The content of mobile phosphates in the soil has almost the same effect on its content in the main and non-commodity part of the crop, regardless of the crop (R2 = 0,39–0,70). The smallest relationship between the content of mobile compounds in the soil and in the crop was in potassium, but in soybean seeds and straw of spring barley and soybeans it was clearly traced (R2 = 0,53–0,68). Nitrogen (64,4–149,9 kg / ha) has the largest share in the economic extraction of nutrients with grain and seed yield, followed by phosphorus – 21,1–51,4 kg P2O5/ ha, depending on the crop. On the formation of the crop unit of marketable and the corresponding amount of non-marketable crop products absorb nutrients in the following ratio N : P2O5 : K2O: winter wheat – 1 : 0,4: 0,7; corn – 1 : 0,3 : 0,8; spring barley – 1 : 0,4 : 0,7 and soy – 1 : 0,4 : 0,4. With the non-commodity part of the crop, nitrogen with corn stalks returns to the soil from economic removal – 28–36 %, phosphorus with soybean straw (47–54 %) and potassium with winter wheat straw and corn stalks – 74–80 %, depending on the experiment variant.

Yield, grain quality of the winter wheat and efficiency of agricultural methods in crop rotation

2017 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
N. N. Neshhadim ◽  
K. N. Gorpinchenko ◽  
А. А. Kvashin ◽  
А. P. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Grain Quality

scholarly journals The influence of environment forming factors on the productivity of winter wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 207 (04) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Valeriy Burluckiy ◽  
Polina Semeshkina ◽  
Vladimir Mazurov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Close Relationship

Abstract. The goal is to study the influence of the predecessor and fertilizers on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain. Methods. The studies were carried out in a long-term stationary field experiment on a gray forest medium loamy soil. Field experience, observations, accounting and generalization of research results were carried out in accordance with the methodological recommendations of B.A. Dospekhov. Statistical processing of the research results was performed using Microsoft Excel 2007 with a 95 % significance level of the results. Results. As a result of the studies, it was noted that the studied predecessors had an insignificant effect on the development of winter wheat plants in the initial phases of growth. The density of winter wheat plants during the germination period varied within the range of 314–323 psc/m2 without the use of fertilizers and 317–328 psc/m2 against the background of their application. Further growth and development of plants took place in close relationship with the studied factors. At the end of the growing season, the number of productive stems was higher on the plots, where the clover of the first year of use was used as a predecessor, both in the control (without fertilizers) and when applying mineral fertilizers. Accordingly, the yield of winter wheat grain was higher for this predecessor, averaging 35.7 c/ha for 2014–2019. Without fertilization, depending on the predecessor, 25.2–32.8 c/ha were obtained, against the background of fertilization – 34.2–39.6 c/ha of winter wheat grain. On average, over the years of research, winter wheat grain contained 10.7–14.0 % protein. Depending on the year, this indicator varied from 8.8 % to 16.8 %. At the same time, the lowest values for the protein content were obtained for the variants without the use of fertilizers. In general, the content of protein and gluten in winter wheat grain largely depended on the application of mineral fertilizers and to a small extent on the predecessor. The weight of 1000 grains, depending on these factors, changed insignificantly.

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