America's Stake in the Far East. III. The Cost

1936 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
Frederick V. Field
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals Modeling the Interaction of Forest Machines with Soil when Working on Slopes

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Sergey E. Rudov ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Ya. Shapiro ◽  
Olga I. Grigoreva ◽  
Igor V. Grigorev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Far East ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Cost Of Construction

The urgency of the task of effective development of cutting areas on the slopes of mountains, hills, and hilly-ridge reliefs is primarily due to the depletion of available, special, lowland operational forests in Siberia and the Far East, which were once, not quite correctly, called forest-surplus regions of the Russian Federation. The operational woodlands that are convenient for development in Siberia and the Far East are largely depleted. To develop new ones, large-scale road construction is necessary, which requires significant financial expenses and reduces the already low profitability of logging production. It is also declining due to the ever-increasing volume of export of harvested timber, even if the cost of construction and maintenance of a new network of logging roads is not considered. Forest ecosystems located on slopes are among the most vulnerable. When working on the slopes with traditional systems of logging machines, it becomes necessary to cut a serpentine of skid trails, which later become concentrators of water and wind erosion. Currently, leading manufacturers of machinery and equipment for the forest industry, such as Ponsse, John Deer, Komatsu, and others, have developed technical solutions that significantly facilitate the operation of forest machine systems. Such solutions, first of all, include winches integrated into the transmissions of machines. Another solution is to use separate self-propelled winches remotely controlled by the operator of a forest machine, for example, T-winch. In this case, the machine does not receive additional weight from the winch integrated into it; however, the negative impact of forest machines on soils does not disappear, but has its own significant specifics. The article shows that when performing logging operations on slopes, primarily steep ones with slope angles exceeding 20–25°, it is necessary to make adjustments to the assessment of the destruction nature of the soil array and the patterns of the track depth formation under the influence of the skidding system. For citation: Rudov S.E., Shapiro V.Ya., Grigorev I.V., Kunitskaya O.A., Grigoreva O.I. Modeling the Interaction of Forest Machines with Soil when Working on Slopes. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 6, pp. 121–134. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-6-121-134

Agrophytocenoses of alfalfa as an element of biologization of agriculture in the Far East

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Ivanova E. P. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Far East ◽  
Resource Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Cultivation of variable alfalfa meets the requirements of biological agriculture, has a powerful phytomeliorative effect, is a large-scale source of biological nitrogen, increases soil fertility and yields of subsequent crops, reduces the cost of agricultural products, contributes to resource conservation and increases the competitiveness of crop and livestock produc

ACTORS IN THE FORMATION OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE FAR EAST REGIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Artem S. Lukyanets ◽  
◽  
Roman V. Manshin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Far East ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Federal District ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Working Age ◽  
External Causes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Far Eastern

The article examines the main factors in the formation of human capital in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District. The article discusses in detail the main indicators that form the integral human development index, developed by the specialists of the United Nations Development Program. The key characteristics of socio-economic processes were identified, an analysis of the most important economic indicators of the studied subjects of the Russian Federation was given. It was found that one of the most important components of human capital is the social and economic stability of society. In the regions of the Far East, on the whole, an unfavorable socio-economic situation has developed, which directly affects human capital. It was found that, despite the higher level of income compared to the average for Russia, the real incomes of residents, adjusted for the cost of living in the considered regions, turned out to be lower than in Russia. An important factor in the development of human capital is the life expectancy of the population, which in the regions of the Far East is below the national average and does not reach the planned targets set by the Concept of the Demographic Policy of the Far East for the period up to 2025. It has been established that the main contribution is made by external causes of death in the male working-age population in the most sparsely populated regions, characterized by a low level of development of medical infrastructure and its availability. Another factor in the development of human capital is the level of education of the population. The development of this factor in the Far East repeats the all-Russian trajectory, maintaining the tendency to reduce the number of educational institutions at all levels, an increase in the number of students in programs of primary secondary and complete education is recorded. The persistence of such trends, together with changes in the age structure of the population, can negatively affect the development of human capital in the regions of the Far East.

scholarly journals Devising a method for the formation of sustainable chains of supply of raw materials from mercantile exchange to a timber processing enterprise considering uncertainties and risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3 (113)) ◽  
pp. 6-18
Author(s):  
Lev Mazelis ◽  
Rodion Rogulin
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Far East ◽  
Planning Horizon ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Random Flow ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Processing Enterprise

The relevant problem of guaranteed supply of high-quality raw materials to a timber processing enterprise that does not have its own sources of raw materials is considered. A method for the formation of sustainable chains of supplying raw materials to a timber processing enterprise was proposed, taking into consideration uncertainties and risks associated with the purchase of raw materials on the mercantile exchange and the implementation of the circuit of delivery to a warehouse. A dynamic model, which is a problem of stochastic nonlinear programming, the objective function of which is the cost of purchasing raw materials, was developed. The model makes it possible to form a plan for purchasing raw materials on the timber section of the mercantile exchange on a given planning horizon, taking into consideration uncertainties when it comes to the number of daily offers, their volumes, and prices. The risk of cancellation of the concluded contract due to the loss of the quality of raw materials during delivery and non-fulfillment of delivery terms was also taken into consideration. To find a solution to the model, a two-stage circuit, in which the first stage involves a procurement plan that is close to optimal, was proposed. At the second stage, a plan that is closest to the basic one in terms of the volume of purchased raw materials and minimizing the total costs is chosen for each day of implementation of a random flow of applications. The numerical solution at the first stage is found using the heuristic algorithm that uses the branch and bound method and the genetic algorithm at certain steps. At the second stage, the multi-criteria problem of mathematical programming is solved numerically. An example of the formation by a timber processing enterprise in the Far East of a suboptimal procurement plan that ensures an increase in the efficiency and sustainability of economic activity in the long term is considered

scholarly journals Strategy of Social and Economic Development of the Far East: Tasks of the Crisis Period and Ecological and Economic Approach (Part I)

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
A.L. Abramov ◽  
N.N. Matvienko ◽  
P.E. Osipov
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Far East ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Cost

Исследуются предпосылки возникновения и возможности прогнозирования мирового экономического кризиса, его влияние на экономику Дальнего Востока и Приморского края. Показывается, что мировой комплексный резонансный экономический кризис приводит к необходимости изменения структуры региональной экономики. Рассматриваются первоочередные задачи преодоления экономического кризиса и возможности создания новой структуры экономики на основе эколого-экономического подхода с использованием стоимости человеческого капитала и макросистемной ренты. Th e article examines the prerequisites for the emergence and the possibility of forecasting the global economic crisis, its impact on the economy of the Far East and Primorsky Krai. It is shown that the global complex resonant economic crisis leads to the need to change the structure of the regional economy. Th e article considers the priority tasks of overcoming the economic crisis and the possibility of creating a new economic structure based on the ecological and economic approach using the cost of human capital and macrosystem rent.

scholarly journals The Border Territories’ Branding in the Far East of the Russian Federation as a Factor in Improving the Quality of Life of the Region’s Population

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Elena A. Danilova ◽  
◽  
Alexander V. Shaikhitdinov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
National Defense ◽  
News Sources ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
State Programs ◽  
The Cost

The article examines branding of the border territories of the Far East. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the border regions of the Far East, subject to the implementation of a set of measures in the field of territorial branding, have great potential for the development of tourism, increasing investments in various sectors of the economy, and reducing population outflows. The work for the first time attempted a scientific understanding of the practical possibilities and prospects for the development of brands of the border territories of the Far East. The aim of the article is to study and discover the most promising areas, methods and technologies for the development of brands of the territories of the Far East. The objective is to investigate the branding practices of the border territories of the Far East, which contribute to the formation of the territories’ favorable perception. The study uses methods of comparative analysis, data synthesis and systematization, as well as the statistical and observation methods. Structural-functional, activity and normative approaches were applied. The empirical basis of the study is made up of regional news sources and official documents. The article shows that the development of brands of the regions of the border territories of the Far East has prospects due to the development of tourism. This is especially important for Primorsky Krai, which is a leader in the tourist region in the Far East and concentrates tourist flows from Asia. The Far East can develop a brand in the field of tourism and culture to expand cooperation with China, Japan, South Korea. Also important are state programs to stimulate tourism in the Far East. It is important to develop certain strong brands, such as the Russian Pacific Fleet, for their subsequent inclusion in the national branding strategy in terms of national defense and security. The development of tourist projects involving several regions of the Far East, like the Eastern Ring of Russia, is hindered by the geographical distance from each other; it is necessary to reduce the cost of movement between regions for the development of tourism. The epidemic of coronavirus, the closure of Russia’s borders with Asian countries led to a weakening of the tourism industry in the Far East and, as a result, the weakening of the opportunities for the development of brands of the regions of the Far East. In this connection, the state should support the tourism sector to maintain and further increase the level of tourism development.

scholarly journals SIBERIA AND THE FAR EAST AMONG THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: ASSESSMENT OF CONDITIONS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Galina Gvozdeva ◽  
Elena Gvozdeva ◽  
Vitaly Kostin
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Comparative Description

The objective of the paper is to make a comparative description of the conditions for human development in the regions of Siberia and the Far East against the background of other territories of Russia. Based on the statistical data from 2014-2017, the typology of the Russian regions differing in external conditions for human development of the population is constructed using factor analysis. Its distinctive feature is that among the influencing factors the behavior of the population is taken into account. The concentration of population in regions with favorable conditions is shown. In most regions of Siberia and the Far East, conditions are unfavorable: low incomes, low life expectancy, accelerated reduction in the number of personnel engaged in research and development, reduction in the cost of technological innovations and the rate of growth in the volume of innovative products.

America's Stake in the Far East. III. The Cost

1936 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
Frederick V. Field
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Cost

Is there a regional culture in Russia? Opportunities of using a sociocultural approach in economics

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Bryzgalin ◽  
Е. N. Nikishina
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Regional Culture ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Sociocultural Approach ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Russian Universities

The paper investigates cross-cultural differences across Russian regions using the methodology of G. Hofstede. First, it discusses the most common approaches in measuring culture and the application of the Hofstede methodology in subnational studies. It identifies the critical issues in measuring culture at the regional level and suggests several strategies to address them. Secondly, the paper introduces subregional data on individualism and uncertainty avoidance using a survey of students across 27 Russian universities. The data allow to establish geographical patterns of individualism in Russia. It is demonstrated that collectivism is most prevalent in the Volga region, while individualism characteristic becomes stronger towards the Far East. The findings are robust to the inclusion of various controls and different specifications of the regression model. Finally, the paper provides a discussion about the potential of applying the sociocultural approach in economics.

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