scholarly journals Living in a hamster wheel: Identity construction through hopes and terrors in Bong Joon-Ho’s 'Parasite'

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Lisa Octavia
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Perceptual Discrimination ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Textual Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Behavior

Bong Joon-Ho’s Parasite (2019) has successfully depicted universal issues regarding class identity and social mobility. It tells us a story about a lower-class family, the Kims who aspired and struggled in their journey of climbing the social ladder. This research aims to explore the process of identity construction of the Kims. Close textual analysis is employed as a tool for investigation and Althusser’s ideological interpellation is used to explain the process. The research also focuses on the socio-cultural factors that influence the Kims’ social mobility which contribute to the permanence of their class identity. The findings found out that many symbolic markers such as differences in property, neighborhood, education, diet and behavior distinguish the lower- and upper-class families. Thus, interpellation occurs when the family is lured into believing the ‘American dream’: by working hard enough and taking more risks, it is possible to climb up the social hierarchy. It constructs their identity as a lower-class with aspirations to move upward. This study also concludes that the persistence of social immobility is highly influenced by the level of education, perceptual discrimination, the impossibility of cross-class marriage and the economic inequality. Therefore, it proves that class identity can be unfavorable inheritance.

The Lady Lisle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Ifill
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Class Child

The Lady Lisle features two near-identical boys from different ends of the social spectrum. The possibility of altering the development of their inborn natures through upbringing and education is explored and contested when the two are swapped by the villain, Major Varney. The upper-class child is sent to a middle-class school where he is raised in such a way as to negate detrimental qualities which initially seemed innate. Contrastingly, the lower-class child, James, impersonates the true heir and proves to be selfish, violent and eventually murderous, like his father. Yet it is never entirely clear to what extent James’s behaviour is due to heredity or to his emotionally abusive upbringing. A shift in narrative tone is identified which moves from making allowances for James due to ‘nurture’ towards castigating him as bad by ‘nature’. In this way Braddon raises questions about the malleability or fixity of the personality, about how we define, recognise and value naturalness, but ultimately combines the forces of education and hereditary degeneracy in order to segregate the lower classes, and to bring the morally upright middle classes together with the affluent upper classes.

scholarly journals The social class of the Baptist: Dissident retainer or peasant millennialist?

2004 ◽  
Vol 60 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Strijdom
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Ethics ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The Other ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
The Social ◽  
Psalms Of Solomon ◽  
The One ◽  
Named Groups

In this article the Baptist is compared with the upper-class/literate millennialists behind the Psalms of Solomon, the Testament of Moses, the Similitudes of 1 Enoch, and the Qumran scrolls on the one hand, and with the lower-class/illiterate millennialist movements in Josephus on the other hand. The argument is developed in constant dialogue with the analyses of John Dominic Crossan. After an initial statement of historical facts about the Baptist, these are compared with the named groups in terms of each one’s (1) criticism of the social-political and religious status quo, (2) depiction of the imagined mediator through whom God was expected to intervene, (3) portrayal of the violent/non-violent intervention of God and the group respectively, and (4) social ethics. It is concluded that John shows closer resemblance to the literate than illiterate millennialists, and should therefore rather be considered as a dissident retainer.

scholarly journals Literary words of foreign origin as social markers in Jeffrey Archer’s novels

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 816-830
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Ivushkina
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Social Implication ◽  
Foreign Origin ◽  
The Social ◽  
French Words

The paper is aimed at studying the use of literary words of foreign origin in modern fiction from a sociolinguistic point of view, which presupposes establishing a correlation between this category of words in a speech portrayal or narrative and a social status of the speaker, and verifying that they serve as indices of socially privileged identity in British literature of the XX1st century. This research is the continuation of the diachronic sociolinguistic study of the upper-class speech portrayals which has traced the distinctive features in their speech and has revealed that literary words of foreign origin unambiguously testify to the social position of a character/speaker and serve as social indices. The question arises then whether it holds true for modern upper-class speakers/speech portrayals, given all the transformations a new millennium has brought about. To this end we have selected 60 contexts from two novels by Jeffrey Archer - Not a Penny More, Not a Penny Less (2004) and A Prisoner of Birth (2008) , and subjected them to a careful examination. A graduate from Oxford and representative of socially privileged classes, Archer gives a wide depiction of characters with different social backgrounds and statuses. The analysis of the novels based on the contextual and functional approaches to the study enabled us to categorize the selected words into four relevant groups. The first class represented by terms ( commodity, debenture, assets, luminescence, etc.) serves to unambiguously indicate education, occupation, and fields of knowledge or communicative situations in which a character is involved. The second class is formed of words used in conjunction with their Germanic counterparts ( perspiration - sweat, padre - priest, convivial - friendly ) to contrast the social position of the characters: literary words serving as social indices of upper class speakers, whereas their synonyms of Germanic origin characterize middle or lower class speech portrayals. The third class of words comprises socially marked words (verbs, nouns and adjectives), or U-words (the term first coined by Allan Ross and Nancy Mitford), the status acquired in the course of social history development (elegant, excellent, sophistication, authoritative, preposterous, etc .) . The fourth class includes words used in a humorous or ironic meaning to convey the narrators attitude to the characters or the situation itself ( ministrations, histrionic, etc.). Words of this group are perceived as stylistic aliens, as they create incongruity between style and subject matter. The social implication of the selected words is enhanced by French words and phrases often accompanying them.

scholarly journals COCKNEY AND RECEIVED PRONUNCIATION ACCENTS AS SIGNIFICANT SOCIAL CLASS DETERMINERS IN MY FAIR LADY MOVIE

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Sarmi
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
The Social ◽  
Received Pronunciation ◽  
Social Backgrounds

This research has main objectives to identify the Cockney and Received Pronunciation accents in My Fair Lady movie spoken by Eliza Doolittle and Professor Henry Higgins. Also, the objective is to find the correlation between the accents and the social backgrounds of both speakers. The result of this research shows that the accents indeed can indicate Eliza and Higgins’ social backgrounds. There are several characteristics that can distinct the Cockney and Received Pronunciation, such as H-dropping, Th- fronting, Diphthong shifting, and G- dropping. Eliza and Henry Higgins speak different accents because they come from different regions in London. Besides, from their accents, it is shown that Eliza  with her strong Cockney accent comes from lower class while Henry Higgins with his Received Pronunciation accent comes  from upper class. Furthermore, the correlation between accents and social backgrounds is also analyzed in this research. Key Words: Accent, Cockney, Received Pronunciation

scholarly journals The Mobile Woman: Getting Around during the 1630 Plague in Bologna

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
Natalie Massong
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Street Life ◽  
Silk Industry ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Women Healers ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
Female Nurses

Legal proclamations show that during the 1630 plague outbreak in Bologna, Italy, women were required to remain quarantined in their homes for the duration of the epidemic while men remained mobile. However, primary texts and visual sources demonstrate that despite these legal restrictions, women remained active players in the fight against the plague by circumventing regulations. Significantly, women played a key role in sustaining the Bolognese economy, in particular by travelling to work in the silk industry. Moreover, while male doctors enjoyed special dispensations to avoid visiting the sick directly, female nurses left their homes to care for the daily needs of patients in the lazzaretto, the plague hospital. Artworks and primary texts depict a mobile woman. They show women from the poorest of backgrounds who were compelled to move through the city’s public spaces, remaining active in the street life of the plagued city. For instance, along with unlicensed women healers and nuns, prostitutes commonly volunteered for service in the plague hospitals. This required a brief shift in the social status of these women as they moved from their brothels to the pestilent walls of the lazzaretto. This paper will address the contribution that these resilient women made to maintaining the family economy and the significant positions women held in administering care, which have been overlooked in the scholarship. It will argue that by performing these essential activities, Bolognese women enjoyed an increase in physical but also social mobility, albeit short-lived.

ACTUALIZATION OF THE ETHNIC: YOUTH BETWEEN FAMILY EXPECTATIONS AND PEAR GROUPS

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Goncharova ◽  
◽  
Olga A. Elkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Group Interactions ◽  
Family Expectations ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Practices ◽  
And Behavior

The article deals with various aspects of on the reproduction of young people’s ethno-cultural identities in the contexts of everyday family practices, ethno-religious education and peer group interactions within a wider multiethnic environment. The focus is on the problems of harmonizing the regulatory require- ments of the family and the wider socio-cultural environment of the multi-ethnic region, within which ethnic constructions are redefined. Actualization of behavior model occurs in the process of realizing all the barriers and resources that are signif- icant at a given time. One of the factors that determine the family practices of main- taining traditional culture and personal adaptation in foreign cultural conditions is the involvement in social networks, migration plans, and intra-family careers. At the same time, the problem of reconciling different regulatory requirements of the family and the social environment is most clearly manifested in the space of gender roles and regimes. In addition, in multi-ethnic and multi-confessional communi- ties, the confessional aspect of the “friend-foe” opposition is clearly manifested in everyday interaction with pear groups, and ethnic identity, based on the ideas of one’s own people, traditions, lifestyle, character and behavior of others, is the basis for the formation of interethnic relations among young people.

scholarly journals International Migration, Livelihood Strategy, and Poverty Cycle

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Martua Sihaloho ◽  
Ekawati Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Rilus A. Kinseng ◽  
Sediono M.P. Tjondronegoro
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Livelihood Strategy ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
Social Climbing

Poverty drove Indonesian poor households (e.g. their family members) to find other livelihoods. One popular choice is becoming an international migrant. This paper describes and analyzes the change in agrarian structure which causes dynamics in agrarian poverty. The study uses qualitative approach and constructivism paradigm. Research results showed that even if migration was dominated by farmer households from lower social class; it also served as livelihood strategy for middle and upper social classes. Improved economics brought dynamics on social reality. The dynamic accesses to agrarian resources consist of (1) horizontal social mobility (means that they stay in their previous social class); (2) vertical social mobility in the form of social climbing; low to middle class, low to upper class, and middle class to upper class; and, (3) vertical social mobility in the form of social sinking: upper class to middle class, upper class to lower class, and middle class to lower class. The dynamic in social classes indicates the presence of agrarian poverty cycle, they are social climbing and sinking.

scholarly journals QUALIDADE DA VINCULAÇÃO E COMPORTAMENTO ANTISSOCIAL NA INFÂNCIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Brigite Micaela Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Disorders ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Child Attachment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour Disorders ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract.The parent-child attachment is considered highly relevant to the development of prosocial and antisocial behavior. Even though the social changes, the family has been considered as a decisive factor in the development of disruptive behaviors. Research has sought to understand if the quality of the attachment established with the attachment figures (usually the parents) is or isn’t associated with future disruptive behaviour disorders in children. This article is a literature review, whose main purpose is to synthesize some of the studies, to understanding and explaining the relationship between attachment and behavior disorders in children.Keywords: attachment; antisocial behaviorResumo.Os laços afectivos entre as crianças e os pais são considerados bastante relevantes para o desenvolvimento do comportamento pró-social e antissocial. Apesar das mudanças sociais, a família tem sido considerada como um factor decisivo no desenvolvimento de comportamentos disruptivos. A investigação tem procurado compreender se a qualidade da vinculação estabelecida com as figuras de vinculação está ou não associada a futuros comportamentos disruptivos das crianças. Este artigo assenta na revisão da literatura, cujo objectivo consiste sintetizar alguns dos estudos realizados, para a compreensão e explicação da relação entre a vinculação e os problemas de comportamento da criança.Palavras-chave: vinculação; comportamento antissocial

scholarly journals Hierarchies of whiteness in the geographies of empire: Thomas Thistlewood and the Barrets of Jamaica

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-43
Author(s):  
Cecilia A. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lower Class ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Reproductive Patterns ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
The Family ◽  
Racial Solidarity ◽  
White Settlers

Shows how a racial solidarity between whites in colonial Jamaica during slavery developed, but covered class differences between whites. Author examines the differences between the lesser-white, socially mobile settlers, and the upper plantocracy. She looks especially at social-structural factors, in particular genealogy and reproduction, that separated upper plantocratic families and dynasties, with connections with Britain, e.g. through absentee plantation owners, from less wealthy white settlers, that obtained intermediate positions as overseers, and generally were single males. She relates this further to the context with a white minority and a majority of slaves, and with relatively less women than men among the whites, that influenced differing reproductive patterns. The upper-class tended to achieve white marrying partners from Britain, alongside having children with slaves or people of colour, while lower-class whites mostly reproduced only in this last way. Author exemplifies this difference by juxtaposing the family histories and relationships, and relative social positions of Thomas Thistlewood, an overseer who came alone, and had an intermediate position, and the upper-class wealthy Barrett family, who were large land and slave owners, and established a powerful white dynasty in Jamaica, with British connections, over centuries, and that also included, sidelined, coloured offspring.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF BROKEN FAMILY ON PUPILS’ BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT AND ACADEMIC SUCCESS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 216-223
Author(s):  
Maria Marquiza A. Felisilda ◽  
Leandro C. Torreon
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Social System ◽  
Behavioral Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Behavior Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
Primary Agent

Family is the smallest, most sensitive and important social system which is furnished and facilitated by a society as a larger social system. The family, being a powerful influence on the child’s development and important primary agent of socialization could in no doubt enhance or hinder the academic achievement of the child depending on the social climate in the family. This study seeks to evaluate the effects of broken family on behavioral development and academic success of pupils in the public elementary school. There were a total of three hundred (300) identified respondents that belonged to broken families that were selected to participate in the study. The researchers used descriptive- survey research method design to probe the pupil’s knowledge with regards to the topic, and it employed modified questionnaire (Behavioral Checklist from Psychological Associates, 2019) and direct observation in collecting data from the field. It was found out that age, sex, grade level, number of siblings, and person stays with has no direct influence to the pupils’ behavioral development, and however, academic success of the pupils depends on their behavior development. This study concluded that the attitude and behavior of the learner affects their academic success.

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