scholarly journals Entomologists’ associations in the 19th century Russia: The story of the Entomological Committee of the Society of Friends of Natural Science

rej ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 451-458
Author(s):  
G. G. Krivosheina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Society Of Friends ◽  
The 19Th Century

Sprachwissenschaft, Ästhetik und Naturforschung Der Goethe-Zeit

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 301-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergej A. Romaschko
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Early Phases

Summary In the emergence of comparative grammar at the beginning of the 19th century, Sanskrit played a crucial role. The manner in which Friedrich Schlegel (1772–1829) characterized the grammatical structure of this language in his Ueber die Sprache und Weisheit der Indier of 1808 was of great importance for the early phases of development of Indo-European linguistics. As is shown in this paper, the characteristics attributed to Sanskrit derived not only from F. Schlegel’s romantic views on language and literature, but were also influenced by his general philosophical and natural-science views which largely reflected the intellectual climate of the late 18th and early 19th century in Germany. During this period biology, physiology, and comparative anatomy experienced rapid progress, and the ‘organic’ concept of nature they espoused provided cognitive models for other disciplines, notably philosophy (cf. Kant’s Kritik der Urteilskraft of 1790), aesthetics, poetics, and linguistics. These natural-science concepts proved particularly fruitful within the romantic movement; they convinced F. Schlegel to see in Sanskrit a language whose organization resembled most perfectly the ideal Ursprache of Indo-European.

Mimetische Inkorporierung am Beispiel taxidermischer Weltprojektionen

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-208
Author(s):  
Christiane Voss
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Knowledge Building ◽  
The 19Th Century

"Die Ablehnung der Mimesis, verstanden als ein Anspruch von Darstellungen auf Naturnachahmung, ist ein charakteristischer Grundzug moderner Ästhetik und Erkenntnistheorie seit dem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts. Parallel dazu existieren zeitgleich im Raum wissensbildender Institutionen wie den Naturkundemuseen Dispositive, etwa die Habitat-Dioramen, die das traditionell mimetische Ideal auf kreative Weise aufrechterhalten. Diese vermeintlich anachronistischen Dispositive werden hinsichtlich ihrer mimesisproduktiven Dimensionen medienphilosophisch reflektiert und zu Adornos Mimesisverständnis ins Verhältnis gesetzt. The rejection of mimesis, understood as a depiction’s claim on imitation of nature, has been a characteristic feature of modern aesthetics and epistemology since the end of the 19th century. At the same time, there are also dispositives, such as habitat dioramas, which creatively maintain the traditionally mimetic ideal in the space of knowledge-building institutions such as museums of natural science. These supposedly anachronistic dispositions are reflected in media-philosophical terms with regard to their dimensions of mimesis production and are related to Adorno’s understanding of mimesis. "

scholarly journals Deconstructive approach in the presentation of botanical knowledge in educational materials for students

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 12020
Author(s):  
Olga Fedotova ◽  
Vladimir Latun
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Botanical Knowledge ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Botanical Illustrations ◽  
Science Information

The article discusses the latest trends in the field of presentation of natural science information for students, which have developed in the postmodern era. It is shown that botanical illustrations presented in postmodern alphabets do not reflect the morphological features of plants. When depicting plants, the author uses the technique of deconstructing images presented in ancient botanical atlases. Fragments of botanical illustrations are placed against the background of everyday scenes of the 19th century, including those of a fantasy nature. The structural components of the botanical educational book, its content and ironic author's comments are considered. The description of plants is pseudo-academic: the texts are surreal, they combine fiction and truth, fantasy and the specifics of the action. It is concluded that the irony of the comments does not contribute to the formation of the foundations of the natural science worldview.

scholarly journals Missionaries and Orientalists Studies of Chinese Islam- Before the 20th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Alimu Tuoheti
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Religious People ◽  
Missionary Work ◽  
Chinese Scholars ◽  
The 19Th Century

In the 19th century, the development of natural science and the emergence of enlightenment gradually gave birth to social science in modern Europe. As Europe opened the door to China in the middle of the 19th century, Western academia began to pay attention to China, and Western theories and methods progressively entered China and were accepted by Chinese scholars. Most saliently, some Christian missionaries and Orientalists have completed more serious studies of Islam in China, and published several corresponding works and research results on this basis. During this period, those who studied Islam and Muslims in China could be divided into two categories. the Religious people, including Christian missionaries. and Scholars, including Orientalists. Subsequently, when Western missionaries entered China, they found the presence of a large Muslim group, so they began to study them and organize missionary work. Although this missionary activity proved unsuccessful in terms of the number of converts to Christianity, it maintains a certain positive significance regarding religious and cultural exchange, and cross-civilizational interaction. Documents recording the encounters between Christianity and Islam in China since modern times are scattered in journals such as Chinese Repository, The Chinese Recorder, Friends of Moslems, The Moslem World and China’s Millions.

ADOMO KRESCENCIJAUS GABRIELIAUS LOPACINSKIO GENEALOGIJŲ DIRBTUVĖ (XIX A. SEPTINTASIS–DEVINTASIS DEŠ.) / THE GENEALOGY WORKSHOP OF ADOMAS RESCENCIJUS GABRIELIUS LOPACINSKIS (1860S–1880S)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019/2 ◽  
pp. 113-136
Author(s):  
TAMARA BAIRAŠAUSKAITĖ
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Society Of Friends ◽  
Historical Archives ◽  
The 19Th Century

ANNOTATION. The article dwells on the hitherto unnoticed manuscript legacy of the 19th century genealogy lover, landlord of Dysna county Adomas Krescencijus Gabrielius Lopacinskis (Adam Krescenty Gabriel Łopaciński, 1826 – after 1893), stored in the Society of Friends of Science Fund at the Lithuanian State Historical Archives. The manuscript legacy includes personal and family documents as well as several letters. Its most valuable part is the impressive amount of materials dedicated to the genealogy of the GDL noble families. A. Lopacinskis’ written legacy makes it possible to speak about a workshop on historical memory and genealogy which was in operation in the nobleman’s house and nurtured the culture of writing down the family’s history.The article also offers a reconstruction of A. Lopacinskis’ biography with a view to explaining how the genealogy workshop looked like, what it consisted of, who and how used the materials contained therein, and how the nobleman of the second half of the 19th century perceived the memorization of the highest class of the society. KEYWORDS: Adomas Krescencijus Gabrielius Lopacinskis, manuscript, monograph, genealogy, genealogy workshop, memory

scholarly journals Quakers and Disability: Theory and Practice in the 19th Century

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Timothy Lillie
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Society Of Friends ◽  
Disability Theory ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Religious Society Of Friends ◽  
Culturally Embedded

During the 19th century, the Religious Society of Friends, or Quakers, were among the religious groups of the time who made sure to “take care of their own,” by ensuring that sick, dependent, or disabled members of their congregations who came to their official attention were cared for. The Quaker process was heavily influenced by the book of discipline that each Yearly Meeting adopted as a set of rules for living for their members and that particularly described ways of dealing with the poor. This paper examines the Quakers of the early to mid-19th century, elements of the discipline of Indiana Yearly Meeting in particular, and examines the case of Samuel Price, who was supported as an “insane person” for 45 years. Use and interpretation of formal entries in the minutes of some parts of the Society of Friends in Indiana, in those days, is an important part of understanding what happened to Price, since the nature and extent of recording practices was deeply culturally embedded in the practices of Quakers who lived in a manner similar to that of Amish cultures in the 21st century. The paper touches on changes in the Midwestern culture that surrounded the Friends and how it affected them. Some indications of parallels for today are also examined. 

Grammatical Descriptions in Manchu Grammar Books from the Qing Dynasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Takashi Takekoshi
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Chinese Scholars ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The 19Th Century

In this paper, we analyse features of the grammatical descriptions in Manchu grammar books from the Qing Dynasty. Manchu grammar books exemplify how Chinese scholars gave Chinese names to grammatical concepts in Manchu such as case, conjugation, and derivation which exist in agglutinating languages but not in isolating languages. A thorough examination reveals that Chinese scholarly understanding of Manchu grammar at the time had attained a high degree of sophistication. We conclude that the reason they did not apply modern grammatical concepts until the end of the 19th century was not a lack of ability but because the object of their grammatical descriptions was Chinese, a typical isolating language.

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