The effect of bromocriptine during early pregnancy in the rat: inhibition of implantation

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Müller ◽  
Th. Bauknecht ◽  
J. W. Siebers
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Teratogenic Effect ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Luteal Cells ◽  
Progesterone Production ◽  
Uterine Mucosa

Abstract. The increase in the number of the ovarian LH/hCG-receptors and of serum progesterone concentration during pregnancy in the rat is highly dependent on the presence of prolactin during the luteinization process. Blocking of the hypophyseal prolactin secretion by twice daily injections of 2 μg/g body weight bromocriptine into rats from the first day of pregnancy onwards prevents the increase in ovarian hCG-binding and progesterone production. Similar results are obtained by application of bromocriptine during the first three days only or either at day 1, 3 or 5 after mating. In all bromocriptine treated rats implantation of blastocysts does not occur. The failure to implant is not due to a teratogenic effect of bromocriptine onto preimplantation embryos, but is probably the consequence of changes of the uterine mucosa caused by the lack of progesterone production in the luteal cells.

Association between serum progesterone concentration in early pregnancy and duration of pregnancy: a cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2096-2102
Author(s):  
Song-Ying Shen ◽  
Qiao-Zhu Chen ◽  
Li-Fang Zhang ◽  
Jian-Rong He ◽  
Jin-Hua Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Duration Of Pregnancy

scholarly journals Autophagy Attenuation Hampers Progesterone Synthesis during the Development of Pregnant Corpus Luteum

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Zonghao Tang ◽  
Zhenghong Zhang ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Yuhua Wang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Luteal Cells ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Progesterone Production ◽  
Progesterone Synthesis ◽  
Related Proteins

The contribution of autophagy to catabolic balance has been well-established in various types of cells, whereas the involvement of autophagy in progesterone synthesis during rat pregnancy still remains unknown. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the role of autophagy in progesterone production during the luteal development of pregnant rats. The results showed autophagy-related proteins was maintained at a low level on day 10 after pregnancy, significantly induced on day 16 and subsided to a relative low level on day 21, which was consistent with the changes of serum progesterone levels. The findings further indicated the contribution of autophagy to progesterone production was regulated by inactivation of Akt/mTOR signaling during the luteal development of pregnant rats in in vivo and in vitro experiments. Further investigations revealed autophagy may be involved in the surge of progesterone production in pregnant rats, as inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA compromised serum progesterone levels. Furthermore, 3-MA treatment also leveled down the number of lipid droplets in luteal cells, implying that autophagy may affect the production of progesterone by manipulating the formation of lipid droplets in luteal cells. In addition, the results suggested that mitophagy was mobilized during the primary stage of luteolysis and inhibition of autophagy promoted the increase of redundant mitochondrial and cytoplasmic cytochrome C in luteal cells of pregnant rats. Taken together, the present study indicated that autophagy-related proteins were induced by the inactivation of Akt/mTOR signaling and then contributed to the progesterone production possibly by affecting the formation of intracellular lipid droplets during the luteal development of pregnant rats. To our knowledge, this will provide a new insight into the important mechanism of autophagy regulating progesterone production in ovaries of pregnant mammals.

Photoperiod effects on the development of beef heifers

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Small ◽  
N. D. Glover ◽  
A. D. Kennedy ◽  
W. P. McCaughey ◽  
D. R. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Natural Photoperiod ◽  
Sire Breed

Crossbred beef heifers (n = 144) were assigned at weaning (187 ± 14 d of age) by body weight (225 ± 23 kg) and sire breed (British/Continental) to one of two photoperiod treatments from 21 Decem ber 1998 (0 wk) until 10 May 1999 (20 wk): natural photoperiod (NP) that gradually increased from 8.1 h (0 wk) to 15.2 h (20 wk) and, extended photoperiod (EP) that consisted of natural + supplemental light (400 lx, 1 m above ground) to extend photoperiod to 16 h. Rations were formulated for two-steps of body weight gain (0.6 and 1.2 kg d-1) to achieve 60% of mature weight at 18 wk. Visual observations of estrus behavior were made twice daily and confirmed by serum progesterone. Body weight, backfat and serum prolactin data were determined for each 4-wk period. Ambient temperatures averaged -12.2 ± 6°C in winter (0 to 12 wk) and 4.2 ± 5°C in spring (12 to 20 wk). Gain in body weight was greater (P < 0.05) and backfat lower (P < 0.05) for EP than NP treatments from -2 to 6 wk and only 1% of heifers had attained puberty during this period. However, as yearlings at similar (P > 0.05) body weight and backfat, more (P < 0.05) EP than NP heifers had attained puberty (84.7% vs. 69.4%). Prolactin was greater (P < 0.05) for EP than NP treatments from 2 to 6 wk (10.3 vs 5.5 ± 1.2 ng mL-1). Management of photoperiod influences attainment of puberty and prolactin secretion in beef heifers housed in an outdoor environment. Key words: Photoperiod, puberty, estrus, beef heifers, prolactin

Early Pregnancy Determination Using Serum Progesterone Concentration in Bighorn Sheep

1988 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary C. Brundige ◽  
Larry J. Layne ◽  
Thomas R. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Bighorn Sheep ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Serum Progesterone

Feedback regulation by progesterone of stress-induced prolactin release in rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Deis ◽  
E. Leguizamon ◽  
G. A. Jahn
Keyword(s):  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Prolactin Release ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Male And Female Rats

ABSTRACT We have previously found that modifications to serum progesterone concentration have profound inhibitory effects on prolactin release in response to ether stress. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of ether stress on progesterone secretion and the role of this steroid in ether-induced prolactin release. Serum progesterone concentration, 5 min after ether stress had been applied over a 2-min period, was consistently increased in male rats, in cyclic rats on the mornings of pro-oestrus and oestrus, and in androgenized rats in permanent oestrus. Ovariectomized androgenized rats showed the same response. Adrenalectomy of male and female rats abolished the progesterone increase induced by stress. Thus, the progesterone secreted by stressed rats is mostly of adrenal origin. In groups of male and pro-oestrous rats, circulating concentrations of prolactin and progesterone were measured from 5 to 60 min after stress. In both sexes the serum prolactin concentration was significantly increased at only 5 and 10 min after stress when compared with control values. In pro-oestrous rats the serum progesterone concentration was significantly higher than in controls at 5, 10 and 20 min after stress, whilst in male rats the concentration remained significantly higher at 30 min. Thirty minutes after the first stress, male and pro-oestrous rats were etherized for 2 min, and bled 5 min after removal from the ether container. In female rats this second stress produced only a slight but significant increase in serum prolactin concentrations, whereas in male rats prolactin concentrations did not increase. The second stress was still capable of significantly increasing circulating progesterone concentrations to levels similar to those obtained after the first stress in animals from all groups. Thus, an increased circulating progesterone concentration did not lead to regulation of further progesterone secretion. To find whether this type of response was due to a blocking effect of the previously released progesterone, animals were injected with the anti-progesterone RU 38486 (17β-hydroxy-11β-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-17α-propinyl-oestra-4,9-dien-3-one) or with a specific antibody raised against progesterone. In both groups of treated rats the second stress induced a significant increase in serum prolactin and progesterone concentrations to give values similar to those obtained after the first stress. When the second stress was applied to female rats 60 min after the first the prolactin response was comparable to that obtained after the first exposure to ether. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that serum prolactin and progesterone concentrations are significantly increased after ether stress, and that the latter hormone exerts an inhibitory regulatory feedback on prolactin secretion. These results provide an important new insight into the role of progesterone in the regulation of prolactin release. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 120, 37–43

Serum Endocrine Profile in Relation to Estrus Synchronization in Surti Does

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Chaudhary ◽  
C. T. Khasatiya ◽  
S. B. Patel ◽  
S. S. Chaudhary ◽  
V. B. Atara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Estrus Synchronization ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Endocrine Profile ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
And Control

The serum progesterone and estradiol profiles during synchronization of estrus by buck effect and PGF2α treatments were monitored in Surti does. Total eighteen non-pregnant does selected were evenly divided into 3 groups, 6 does in each group. The does of Group I were teased with a sexuallyactive- apronized buck; and those of Group II were treated with PGF2α, i.e., Inj. Lutalyse® @ 7.5 mg/doe IM twice 11 days apart, while the Group III served as untreated control. Blood samples were collected from all the animals on day 0 (before 1st PGF2α injection), 3rd day (during treatment), 11th day (before 2nd PGF2α injection), 14th day (after treatment) and 40th day (post-service) by jugular vein puncture. The serum separated was stored at -20°C till further analysis. In all the three groups, 83.33% does, conceived at first service in the sampling cycle. The overall mean serum progesterone concentration of Group I does (5.82±0.72 ng/ml) was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) as compared to Group II (2.93±0.38 ng/ml) and III (2.88±0.30 ng/ml). Similarly, the overall mean serum progesterone concentration of Surti does on day 0 (2.65±0.46 ng/ml), 3rd (2.56±0.80 ng/ml), 11th (4.45±0.84 ng/ml) and 14th (3.40±0.63 ng/ml) did not differ significantly, but the overall mean level at day 40 (6.31±0.45 ng/ml) was significantly (p less than 0.01) higher, because most of animals became pregnant at that time. The overall mean serum oestradiol-17β levels of Group I (24.40±2.98 pg/ ml) was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than in Group II (15.77±1.77 pg/ml) and III (12.21±1.45 pg/ ml). On the other hand, the overall mean serum oestradiol-17β levels of Surti does on day 0 (12.89±1.21 pg/ml), 3rd (15.84±1.74 pg/ml), 11th (14.81±1.96 pg/ml), 14th (22.15±2.97 pg/ml) and 40th (21.64±5.16 pg/ml) did not differ significantly (p>0.05) and the slightly higher overall mean level found at 40th day might be the influence of the non-pregnant does at first service in the cumulative animals. The hormonal profile reflected the initiation of cyclicity and establishment of pregnancy in treated and control animals.

Pineal denervation by cervical sympathetic ganglionectomy suppresses the role of photoperiod on pregnancy or pseudopregnancy, body weight and moulting periods in the mink (Mustela vison)

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Martinet ◽  
D. Allain ◽  
Y. Chabi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic ◽  
Implantation Period ◽  
Short Days

ABSTRACT In mink, termination of the delayed implantation period, following reactivation of the corpora lutea, and onset of the spring moult are associated with a rise in prolactin secretion triggered by increasing daylength, while decreasing daylength induces the autumn moult. To establish whether suppression of the function of the pineal rendered the mink unresponsive to daylength changes, the superior cervical ganglion was removed bilaterally 2–4 weeks before mating. Intact and operated females were then left outdoors or were put under a lighting regime of either 15 h light: 9 h darkness (15L: 9D) or 8L: 16D. In July, at the end of the spring moult, the 15L: 9D lighting regime was changed to one of 8L: 16D. Under artificial photoperiods ganglionectomy suppressed the stimulatory role of long days and the inhibitory role of short days on prolactin secretion, and consequently on progesterone secretion and spring moult. Neither was the autumn moult, induced early in intact females by the change to a short photoperiod, advanced in ganglionectomized females, showing that the latter were unresponsive to the artificial modification of the photoperiod. However, in animals kept outdoors, prolactin and progesterone secretion and spring moult were not changed by ganglionectomy. Increase in body weight and autumn moult were only slightly delayed by the operation suggesting that other environmental factors had replaced the synchronizing effect of the daylength changes. Alternatively the desynchronization between intact females responsive to photoperiodism and those rendered unresponsive may be too slow to be observed soon after ganglionectomy. J. Endocr. (1985) 107, 31–39

scholarly journals Astaxanthin increases progesterone production in cultured bovine luteal cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1103-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hachiro KAMADA ◽  
Satoshi AKAGI ◽  
Shinya WATANABE
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Cells ◽  
Progesterone Production
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