Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in elderly subjects

1988 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Brochmann ◽  
Trine Bjøoro ◽  
Per Ivar Gaarder ◽  
Fredrik Hanson ◽  
Harald M. Frey
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Thyroid Microsomal Antigen ◽  
Microsomal Antigen

Abstract. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was investigated in a small, rural community located at the coast in Middle Norway. Two hundred persons (114 women and 86 men) of the total 802 persons over 70 years of age in the community were examined regarding thyroid dysfunction. Blood samples were drawn from 197 (113 women and 84 men). In women previously diagnosed hypothyroidism was found in 3.5% and previously diagnosed hyperthyroidism in 0.9%. In men no previously diagnosed thyroid disease was found. Undiagnosed primary hypothyroidism (TT4 < 70 nmol/l and TSH > 6 mU/l) was found in 1.8% and 1.2% of women and men, respectively. Latent hypothyroidism (TT4 70–150 nmol/l and TSH > 6 mU/l) was found in 3.5% and 2.4%, and borderline hypothyroidism (TSH 4.5–6.0 mU/l) in 3.5% and 2.4%, respectively. Undiagnosed hyperthyroidism was not found in women but in 1.2% of men. Antibody to the thyroid microsomal antigen (TMA) ≥ 400 was detected in 17.5% of women and 9.6% of men. Clearly elevated serum thyrotropin (TSH) concentrations or previously diagnosed thyroid disease were found in 21.7% and 37.5% of the TMA positive women and men, respectively.

scholarly journals Prevalence of thyroid disease, thyroid dysfunction and thyroid peroxidase antibodies in a large, unselected population. The Health Study of Nord-Trondelag (HUNT)

2000 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Bjoro ◽  
J Holmen ◽  
O Kruger ◽  
K Midthjell ◽  
K Hunstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unselected Population

OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence of thyroid disease and dysfunction including thyroid autoimmunity in Norway. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All inhabitants 20 years and older (94009) in Nord-Trondelag were invited to participate in a health survey with a questionnaire and blood samples. RESULTS: The prevalence of former diagnosed hyperthyroidism was 2.5% in females and 0.6% in males, hypothyroidism 4.8% and 0.9%, and goitre 2.9% and 0.4% respectively. In both sexes the prevalence increased with age. In individuals without a history of thyroid disease the median, 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles for TSH (mU/l) were 1.80 and 0.49-5.70 for females and 1. 50 and 0.56-4.60 for males. The TSH values increased with age. When excluding individuals with positive thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) (>200U/ml), the 97.5 percentiles dropped to 3.60 mU/l and 3. 40 mU/l respectively. The prevalence of pathological TSH values in females and males were TSH >/=10mU/l 0.90% and 0.37%; TSH 4.1-9. 9mU/l 5.1% and 3.7%; and TSH</=0.05mU/l 0.45% and 0.20% respectively. The prevalence of positive TPOAb (>200U/ml) was 13.9% in females and 2.8% in males. In females the lowest percentage (7.9%) of positive TPOAb was seen with TSH 0.2-1.9mU/l and increased both with lower and higher levels of TSH. The percentage of males with positive TPOAb was lower than in females in all TSH groups except for those with TSH>10mU/l (85% TPOAb positive). CONCLUSIONS: In spite of a high prevalence of recognised thyroid disease in the population a considerable number of inhabitants have undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction and also positive TPOAb.

Development of thyroid autoimmunity

1985 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Aho ◽  
A. Gordin ◽  
T. Palosuo ◽  
J. Takala
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Thyroid Microsomal Antigen ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Microsomal Antigen

Abstract. Two blood samples were taken at an interval of 5 years in a continuing epidemiological study of a rural population in south-western Finland with an age range of 40–64 years at commencement. Paired sera of 680 subjects were tested for antibodies against thyroglobulin and thyroid microsomal antigen. In the seroconversion cases the titres in the second specimens were either low or medium but never high. In the cases selected on the basis of the highest titres in the follow-up specimens, the titres in the baseline specimens were either high or medium but never low. These findings suggest that the emergence and the development of thyroid autoimmune seroreactions are slow processes.

SERUM THYROTROPHIN AND THE RESPONSE TO THYROTROPHIN RELEASING HORMONE IN SYMPTOMLESS AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS AND IN BORDERLINE AND OVERT HYPOTHYROIDISM

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gordin ◽  
P. Saarinen ◽  
R. Pelkonen ◽  
B.-A. Lamberg
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT Serum thyrotrophin (TSH) was determined by the double-antibody radioimmunoassay in 58 patients with primary hypothyroidism and was found to be elevated in all but 2 patients, one of whom had overt and one clinically borderline hypothyroidism. Six (29%) out of 21 subjects with symptomless autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT) had an elevated serum TSH level. There was little correlation between the severity of the disease and the serum TSH values in individual cases. However, the mean serum TSH value in overt hypothyroidism (93.4 μU/ml) was significantly higher than the mean value both in clinically borderline hypothyroidism (34.4 μU/ml) and in SAT (8.8 μU/ml). The response to the thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) was increased in all 39 patients with overt or borderline hypothyroidism and in 9 (43 %) of the 21 subjects with SAT. The individual TRH response in these two groups showed a marked overlap, but the mean response was significantly higher in overt (149.5 μU/ml) or clinically borderline hypothyroidism (99.9 μU/ml) than in SAT (35.3 μU/ml). Thus a normal basal TSH level in connection with a normal response to TRH excludes primary hypothyroidism, but nevertheless not all patients with elevated TSH values or increased responses to TRH are clinically hypothyroid.

Endotoxemia and hepatic injury in a rodent model of hindlimb unloading

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 1656-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Rivera ◽  
M. H. Tcharmtchi ◽  
L. Mendoza ◽  
C. W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Hindlimb Unloading ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Systemic Blood ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Organ Systems

Hindlimb unloading (HU) is known to induce physiological alterations in various organ systems that mimic some responses observed after exposure to microgravity. In the present study, the effects of up to 4 wk of HU on the liver were assessed in male Wistar rats and two mouse strains: endotoxin-sensitive C57BL/6 mice and endotoxin-resistant C3H/HEJ mice. Plasma levels of endotoxin, a known stimulator of hepatic injury, were measured in portal and systemic blood samples. Endotoxin was elevated by ∼50% in portal blood samples of mice and rats but was not detectable in systemic blood. This low-grade portal endotoxemia was associated with hepatic injury in rats and C57BL/6 mice as indicated by inflammation and elevated serum transaminase activities. Blood levels of the cytokine TNF-α were increased by ∼50% in C57BL/6 mice; no significant elevation of this cytokine was detected in rats. Messenger RNA levels of the acute-phase proteins serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, and lipopolysaccharide binding protein were significantly enhanced after 3 wk of HU in endotoxin-sensitive rodents. In contrast, no histological changes or significant increases in serum enzyme activity were detected after HU in C3H/HEJ mice despite portal endotoxin levels of 222 ± 83.4 pg/ml. At the 3-wk time point, expression of acute-phase proteins was not elevated in C3H/HEJ mice; however, expression after 4 wk of HU was similar to endotoxin-sensitive rodents. In conclusion, these findings indicate that HU induced mild portal endotoxemia, which contributed to the observed hepatic injury in endotoxin-sensitive rodents.

Thyroid disease in middle-aged and elderly Swedish women: thyroid-related hormones, thyroid dysfunction and goitre in relation to age and smoking

1991 ◽  
Vol 229 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. PETERSEN ◽  
G. LINDSTEDT ◽  
P.-A. LUNDBERG ◽  
C. BENGTSSON ◽  
L. LAPIDUS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Middle Aged

scholarly journals Management of thyroid disease in pregnancy – Room for improvement in the first trimester

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Robinson ◽  
Philip Robinson ◽  
Michael D’Emden ◽  
Kassam Mahomed
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Background First-trimester care of maternal thyroid dysfunction has previously been shown to be poor. This study evaluates early management of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy in Australia. Methods Patients reviewed by the Obstetric Medicine team for thyroid dysfunction from 1 January 2012 to 30 June 2013 were included. Data were collected on gestation at referral from the patient’s general practitioner to the antenatal clinic, information provided in the referral letter, thyroid function tests and thyroid medications. Results Eighty-five women were included in the study. At the time of general practitioner referral to antenatal services, 19% of women with preexisting thyroid disease had no thyroid function tested. Forty-three percent had an abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone defined as being outside the laboratory-specific pregnancy reference range if available, or outside the level of 0.1–2.5 mIu/L in the first trimester, 0.2–3.0 mIu/L in the second trimester and 0.3–3.0 mIu/L in the third trimester. Only 21% of women increased their thyroxine dose prior to their first antenatal clinic review. Conclusion This study highlights that a significant proportion of women with known thyroid disease either have untested thyroid function in the first trimester or a thyroid-stimulating hormone outside of levels recommended by guidelines.

scholarly journals Approach to Subclinical Thyroid Diseas

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Satya Ranjan Sutradhar
Keyword(s):  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Hormone Level ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Subclinical thyroid dysfunction is defined as an abnormal serum thyroid-stimulating hormone level and free thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels within their reference ranges. The prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism is about 2 percent. Subclinical hypothyroidism is found in approximately 4 to 8.5 percent of the population. Most national organizations recommend against routine screening of asymptomatic patients, but screening is recommended for high risk populations. The management of subclinical thyroid dysfunction is controversial. There is good evidence that subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with progression to overt disease. Patients with a serum thyroid-stimulating hormone level greater than 10 mIU/L have a higher incidence of elevated serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations; however, evidence is lacking for other associations. There is insufficient evidence that treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism is beneficial. A serum thyroid stimulating hormone level of less than 0.1 mIU/L is associated with progression to overt hyperthyroidism, atrial fibrillation, reduced bone mineral density, and cardiac dysfunction. There is little evidence that early treatment alters the clinical course. DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v26i2.4187 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2008; 26: 91-96

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