Reproducibility of 24-h growth hormone profiles in children

1992 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Albertsson-Wikland ◽  
Sten Rosberg
Keyword(s):  
Time Interval ◽  
Individual Child ◽  
High Reproducibility ◽  
Normal Height ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Peak Widths

The rate of GH secretion and the pattern of GH peaks were compared in a group of nine prepubertal children during their prepubertal period in repeated 24-h GH profiles. At investigation, the children were 6–1 3 years old (at first profile 6–11 years old) and of normal height (±2 sd). Two profiles were obtained per child, (with a mean time interval of 1.5 years, range 0.7 to 3.5 years. The calculated GH secretions of the first and second profiles were compared. As a group, no significant differences in secreted amount of GH, when expressed as data from the second profile as a percentage of data from the first profile (93±8%), number of peaks (98±7%) or mean peak amplitudes (92±11%), were obtained. Between the repeated curves of an individual child, maximal difference in secretion, number of peaks and mean peak amplitudes ranged around±30%, with a mean intraindividual cv of 12%. The reproducibility in the peak distribution for all profiles was also analysed. The relative frequencies is a percentage of the GH peak amplitudes and peak widths were virtually identical in the repeated profiles. Reproducibility of the temporal pattern of profiles was analysed using time-series analysis (Fourier analysis) and showed no difference in rhythmicity between the different occasions. In conclusion, a high reproducibility of both GH secretion and GH pattern was found for the whole group of prepubertal children. The high degree of reproducibility of the 24-h GH profiles of the whole group of children indicated that the information from these curves, in terms of both pattern and total secretion, can be used for clinical as well as for physiological purposes. The intraindividual reproducibility was less pronounced, however, leading to a sound scepticism when relating biological phenomena to a single profile of an individual child.

Challenges to I-125 Seed Localization of Metastatic Axillary Lymph Nodes Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Hyde ◽  
Jennifer Geske ◽  
Christine Lee
Keyword(s):  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Seed Localization ◽  
Iodine 125 ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract Objective The objective of this retrospective study is to characterize challenges with ultrasound (US)-guided localization of clipped metastatic axillary lymph nodes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods After institutional review board approval, our radiology database was searched for all radioactive seed localizations (RSLs), which use a low-dose radioactive isotope, Iodine-125, performed for clipped axillary lymph nodes between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2018. The details of each procedure were reviewed. RSL was defined to be successful if US-guidance was used, and postlocalization imaging showed the seed was no more than 1 cm away from the target. Cause and subsequent management of unsuccessful localizations were documented. Results During the study period, 139 clipped axillary lymph nodes (in 138 women and 1 man) were scheduled for preoperative RSL. The overall success rate of RSL was 106/139 (76%). The number of unsuccessful localizations was 10/37 (27%) in 2016, 7/39 (18%) in 2017, and 16/63 (25%) in 2018, with a total unsuccessful case frequency of 33/139 (24%) over the entire study period. The mean time interval between marker placement and localization was 6.0 months (range 0.4–18.1 months). The coil biopsy marker was the most frequently used marker. Conclusions Preoperative US-guided I-125 seed localization of clipped metastatic axillary lymph nodes is suboptimal or unsuccessful 24% of the time. Other options for non-US imaging-guided localizations, such as tomosynthesis, are available for consideration when US detection is unsuccessful.

Theoretical and experimental study of motion and sinking time of Saxon Bowls

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaikumar Sankar ◽  
Liu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Motion Tracking ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Motion Path ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Flow Profile ◽  
Bernoulli’S Equation ◽  
Hole Radius ◽  
Coefficient Of Discharge ◽  
High Degree

Abstract This work focuses on investigating the time of sinking of a Saxon bowl proposed by ‘International Young Physicists’ Tournament in 2020. A quasi-static model is built to simulate the motion path of the bowl and predict the sinking time subsequently. The model assumes an open axisymmetric bowl with a hole in its base. The hole is modelled as a pipe for which the flow profile is governed by a modified Bernoulli’s equation which has a Coefficient of Discharge (C_d) added to account for energy losses. The motion of the entire bowl is assumed to be in quasi-static equilibrium for an infinitesimal time interval to calculate the volumetric flow rate through the hole. The model is used to predict the sinking times of various bowls against independent variables - hole radius, bowl dimensions, mass of bowl, mass distribution of bowl, and Coefficient of Discharge - and predict the motion path of bowls of different, axisymmetric geometries. Characterisation of C_d was done by draining a bowl filled with water and measuring the time taken to do so. Experimental verification was completed through measuring sinking times of 3D printed hemispherical bowls of the different variables in water. Motion tracking of bowls with different geometries was done using computational pixel tracking software to verify the model’s predictive power. Data from experiments for sinking time against the variables corroborate with the model to a great degree. The motion path tracked, matched the modelled motion path to a high degree for bowls of different shapes, namely a hemisphere, cylinder, frustum, and a free-form axisymmetric shape. The work is poised for an undergraduate level of readership.

scholarly journals Apego temprano en la evolución fisiológica y psicológica madre-hijo

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Manuel Andrade Bella Méndez ◽  
Pedro Mora Andrey Ortiz ◽  
María Alejandra Pérez ◽  
Frangher Salas Juan Zambrano
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Attachment ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Normal Height ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Attachment ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Skin To Skin ◽  
High Degree

  Los beneficios del apego temprano, diada madre e hijo al momento del nacimiento, se basan en una estrecha interrelación con incidencia sobre aspectos fisiológicos y psicológicos de ambos. El objetivo fue analizar los efectos del apego temprano en la evolución fisiológica y psicológica madre-hijo. El estudio fue aplicado, mixto, exploratorio y descriptivo, de diseño no experimental, de campo y transversal. El área de estudio fue el Ambulatorio Urbano Palo Gordo con un número de partos mensuales promedio de cuatro. También se aplicaron dos cuestionarios: Maternal Attachment Inventory (MAI) y Escala de Apego durante Estrés (ADS). Se evaluaron dos partos eutócicos, con recién nacidos masculino y femenino, con talla, peso, temperatura y Apgar normales. El contacto piel a piel fue inadecuado en ambos, con mejores tiempos el primero, lo que se reflejó en un exitoso proceso de lactancia materna exclusiva. El desarrollo psicomotor no presentó diferencias. Una de las diadas madre-hijo presentó un alto grado de vinculación afectiva y conductas relacionadas con un apego sano, mientras que la otra no.   Palabras clave: Apego temprano, evolución, madre, hijo.   Abstract The benefits of early attachment, mother and child dyad at birth, are based on a close interrelation with incidence on physiological and psychological aspects of both. The objective was to analyze the effects of early attachment on the mother-child physiological and psychological evolution. The study was applied, mixed, exploratory and descriptive, with a non-experimental, field and cross-sectional design. The study area was the Palo Gordo Urban Outpatient Clinic with an average number of monthly deliveries of four. Two questionnaires were also applied: Maternal Attachment Inventory (MAI) and Attachment Scale during Stress (ADS). Two eutocic deliveries were evaluated, with male and female newborns, with normal height, weight, temperature and Apgar. Skin-to-skin contact was inadequate in both, with better times the first, which was reflected in a successful process of exclusive breastfeeding. Psychomotor development did not show differences. One of the mother-child dyads presented a high degree of bonding and behaviors related to healthy attachment, while the other did not.   Keywords: Early attachment, evolution, mother, son

THE ISRAELI STUDY OF EARLY INTERVENTION IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; INTRAVENOUS RT-PA WITH SUBSEQUENT REVASCULARIZATION.

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
G I Barbash ◽  
H Hod ◽  
H I Miller ◽  
A Roth ◽  
S Rath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Inferior Wall ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Coronary Catheterization ◽  
Mobile Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Infarct Related Artery ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Mean Time

Immediate mechanical revascularization forlarge population of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients, is logistically impractical. Effectiveness of early intravenous rt-PA,and feasibility of delaying the coronary angioplasty were studied. 57 AMI patients were enrolled since October 1986; 30 via Emergency ward, and 27 via mobile intensive care unit. The mean time interval from onset of ischemic pain to rt-PA bolus was 115+52 min.The protocol included an initial 10 mg rt-PA bolus followed by continuous infusion of 110 mg over 6 hr, concomitant continuous heparin and lidocain infusion, and aspirin 250 mg/day; coronary catheterization after 72 hr. and angioplasty of suitable infarct-related artery (IRA). 49 patients (86%) had clinical signs of reperfusion (disappearance of chest pain with resolution of ST elevation) within 60 min. The 8 "non-responders" were treated earlier (shorter time interval from onset of painto rt-PA bolus) than the "responders"(87+37 and 120+53 min respectively,p=0.01). Of "responding" patients, 5 had intermittant reocclusion-reperfu-sion cycles, and an additional 4 reoccluded silently before coronary catheterization (7 to 72 hr).29 PTCA successful procedures(53% of pats) of the infarct-related artery (IRA) were performed: 25 during the protocol catheterizationat 72 hr, and 4 which were performed as an emergency procedure of high grade stenosis (1),or totally occluded IRA (3), in 4 of the 8 "non-responders".There were 3 emergency and 8 elective bypass operations (20%). While in the 25 patients with anterior wallinfarction the admission Lt. ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (37+12%) improved (46+17%) at discharge, in the 30 patients with inferior wall infarction the admission and discharge LVEF were both normal.Two patients expired; one within minutes after treatment initiation, and the other following no response to the thrombolytic therapy and reocclusions of repeat coronary dilatations. These results indicate that rt-PA thrombolysis is a safe treatment modality enabling planning of deferred mechanical revascularization under more optimal conditions.

scholarly journals Time Intervals From Onset of Clinical Manifestations to Treatment in Patients With Cancer at Hospital General San Felipe, Tegucigalpa, Honduras

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
José A. Sánchez ◽  
Mayra G. Handal ◽  
Juan F. Vílchez Rodriguez ◽  
Sinthia I. Mejía ◽  
Annye P. Pagoaga
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Pathology Report ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

PURPOSE In cancer, clinical staging is related to outcomes, and this is linked to the evolution of the disease over time. In Honduras, cancer mortality is high, and time intervals from onset of symptoms to treatment of cancer are not known. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine these intervals. PATIENTS AND METHODS This investigation was carried out from April 25 to August 30, 2018, and included 202 patients at the main cancer referral center in Honduras. For the purposes of the study, information was obtained from patients, their caregiver, medical records, or treatment cards. Patients older than age 18 years were included after informed consent was signed. RESULTS The mean time interval from onset of symptoms to cancer treatment was 232 days. Different intervals of time were identified, and the mean of these intervals was calculated in days as follows: 68 days from onset of symptoms to first medical evaluation; 146 days from first evaluation to oncologist consultation; 26 days from cancer specialist to the pathology report; and 86 days from the histopathologic diagnosis to the beginning of treatment. Once diagnosis was established, the average elapsed times to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and chemoradiotherapy were 88, 102, 76, and 154 days, respectively ( P < .05, when surgery is compared against chemotherapy and radiotherapy). CONCLUSION The mean time interval from symptom presentation to treatment in patients with cancer is more than 7 months. This could explain the advanced stages of disease seen at the time of treatment in Honduras, which decrease chance of cure and increase the mortality rate of cancer). Appropriate intervention to decrease these intervals must be taken to reduce mortality.

The first-passage density of the Brownian motion process to a curved boundary

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 291-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Durbin ◽  
D. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Brownian Bridge ◽  
Sample Path ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Brownian Motion Process ◽  
First Passage ◽  
Curved Boundary ◽  
Multiple Integrals ◽  
High Degree

An expression for the first-passage density of Brownian motion to a curved boundary is expanded as a series of multiple integrals. Bounds are given for the error due to truncation of the series when the boundary is wholly concave or wholly convex. Extensions to the Brownian bridge and to continuous Gauss–Markov processes are given. The series provides a practical method for calculating the probability that a sample path crosses the boundary in a specified time-interval to a high degree of accuracy. A numerical example is given.

scholarly journals Recovery of Adrenal Insufficiency Is Frequent After Adjuvant Mitotane Therapy in Patients with Adrenocortical Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Poirier ◽  
Nadia Gagnon ◽  
Massimo Terzolo ◽  
Soraya Puglisi ◽  
Nada El Ghorayeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Adrenocortical Cancer ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Chronic Therapy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

Mitotane is a steroidogenesis inhibitor and adrenolytic drug used for treatment of adrenocortical cancer (ACC). Mitotane therapy causes adrenal insufficiency requiring glucocorticoid replacement in all patients. However, it is unclear whether chronic therapy with mitotane induces complete destruction of zona fasciculata and whether hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can recover after treatment cessation. Our objective was to assess the HPA axis recovery in a cohort of patients after cessation of adjuvant mitotane therapy for ACC. We retrospectively reviewed patient files with stage I-II-III ACC in two referral centers in Canada and Italy. Data on demographics, tumor characteristics, hormonal profile, and HPA axis were collected. Data from 23 patients with pathologically proven ACC treated with adjuvant mitotane for a minimum of two years were analyzed. Eight patients were males and 15 were females and the median age was 41 years old (range 18 to 73). After mitotane cessation, 18/23 (78.3%) patients achieved a complete HPA axis recovery while 3/23 (13.0%) were unable to tolerate glucocorticoid withdrawal despite having normal hormonal test values and 2/23 (8.7%) never achieved recovery. The mean time interval between mitotane cessation and HPA axis recovery was 2.7 years. A high proportion of patients achieved HPA axis recovery following cessation of mitotane adjuvant therapy. However, complete recovery was often delayed up to 2.5 years and regular assessment of the hormonal profile is required.

How promptly nonindustrial private forest landowners regenerate their lands after harvest: a duration analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 2109-2117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Sun ◽  
Ian A. Munn ◽  
Changyou Sun ◽  
Anwar Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Duration Analysis ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Private Forest ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Forest Landowners ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nonindustrial Private Forest ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Private Forest Landowners

Understanding factors that influence how promptly landowners regenerate their timberlands after harvest, if at all, is critical to developing policies to improve forest productivity. Mississippi forest landowners with over 100 acres (1 acre = 0.404 ha) of forestland were surveyed in 2006 to collect harvest and regeneration data from 1996 to 2006. This study investigated the length of the time interval between harvest and reforestation. Nonparametric duration analysis was used to examine how long nonindustrial private forest landowners waited to reforest after harvesting. Parametric duration analysis was used to examine factors that influenced the length of this period. The mean time elapsed from harvest to regeneration was 11 months for landowners that regenerated their lands. The instantaneous probability of regeneration reached its highest value in the 16th month after harvest and, thereafter, decreased steadily until the 28th month, after which the probability of regeneration was essentially nil. Interest in timber production, employing a consultant, and ownerships that were predominantly pine forest types were factors associated with substantially shorter reforestation times. Lower stumpage prices and higher reforestation costs were associated with substantially longer reforestation times.

scholarly journals An Adaptive and Time-Efficient ECG R-Peak Detection Algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Qin ◽  
Jianqing Li ◽  
Yinggao Yue ◽  
Chengyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Peak Detection ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Peak Detection Algorithm ◽  
Wavelet Multiresolution Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Mean Time

R-peak detection is crucial in electrocardiogram (ECG) signal analysis. This study proposed an adaptive and time-efficient R-peak detection algorithm for ECG processing. First, wavelet multiresolution analysis was applied to enhance the ECG signal representation. Then, ECG was mirrored to convert large negative R-peaks to positive ones. After that, local maximums were calculated by the first-order forward differential approach and were truncated by the amplitude and time interval thresholds to locate the R-peaks. The algorithm performances, including detection accuracy and time consumption, were tested on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database and the QT database. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm achieved mean sensitivity of 99.39%, positive predictivity of 99.49%, and accuracy of 98.89% on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database and 99.83%, 99.90%, and 99.73%, respectively, on the QT database. By processing one ECG record, the mean time consumptions were 0.872 s and 0.763 s for the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database and QT database, respectively, yielding 30.6% and 32.9% of time reduction compared to the traditional Pan-Tompkins method.

An Inter-Domain Agent Based Secure Authorization and Communication for Mobile Clients in Wireless AdHoc Networks

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Neeraj Kumar ◽  
R. B. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Agents ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Mobile Adhoc Network ◽  
Adhoc Network ◽  
Mobile Clients ◽  
Wireless Adhoc Networks ◽  
High Degree

Wireless mobile adhoc network (MANET) is a dynamic network. Nodes in a MANET have high degree of mobility from one domain to another in a particular time interval. In such a dynamic network, security is a major concern. In this paper, the authors propose an inter domain agent based secure authorization and communication for mobile clients/nodes (MCs) in MANET. Mobile agents (MAs) are software programs that support the mobility of clients in different domain and provide necessary resources to the clients for safe execution. It also shares the key with MCs in different domains. An algorithm for secure authorization and communication between MCs having mobility in different domains is proposed. The scheme is evaluated on ns-2 w.r.t. metrics such as overall cost in terms of overhead generated, admission and traceability cost, and itinerary chosen by MAs w.r.t. mobility of MCs.

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