GNRH analog therapy in girls with early puberty is associated with the achievement of predicted final height but also with increased risk of polycystic ovary syndrome

ObjectiveGNRH analog (GNRHa) therapy has not been supported by beneficial effects on adult stature in girls with early puberty. Furthermore, an increased prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been described in girls treated for central precocious puberty. Women with PCOS are at increased risk of cardiometabolic dysfunctions and infertility. Our aim was to assess GNRHa effectiveness on reaching adult stature and the risk of PCOS in girls with early puberty.DesignLongitudinal study of GNRHa-treated and GNRHa-untreated girls at baseline and at final height.MethodsTwenty-five GNRHa-treated girls and 55 controls were compared. Insulin resistance (IR; homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) and glucose-to-insulin ratio (G/I)), the effect of GNRHa on final height, and the prevalence of PCOS were assessed.ResultsIn GNRHa-treated girls, no significant difference was found between predicted final height and final height, whereas a significant difference was detected in untreated girls (P=0.0001). At final height, GNRHa-treated girls showed higher HOMA-IR and lower G/I (P=0.03 for both) as well as higher DHEAS and androstenedione levels (P=0.02 and P=0.01 respectively) than untreated girls. The prevalence of PCOS and hyperandrogenemia was significantly higher in GNRHa-treated adolescents than in untreated adolescents (36 and 14.5% respectively, P=0.04; 56 and 23.6% respectively, P=0.01). Finally, gonadotropin-suppressive therapy was significantly related to PCOS during adolescence (P=0.03).ConclusionsIn girls with early puberty, GNRHa therapy is associated with the achievement of predicted final height; nevertheless, this treatment seems to act as an independent risk factor for the development of PCOS already during adolescence.

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Endotrophin as a novel marker in PCOS and its relation with other adipokines and metabolic parameters: a pilot study

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1177/20420188211049607 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 204201882110496

Author(s):

Gurhan Guney ◽

Mine Islimye Taskin ◽

Ozgur Baykan ◽

Ertan Adali ◽

Selin Gul Tezcan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Total Testosterone ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is known to be the most common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age. Current evidence shows that regulatory proteins secreted from the adipose tissue called adipokines may have a role in polycystic ovary syndrome. We planned to investigate the role of endotrophin that has never been researched in polycystic ovary syndrome before and its correlation with other metabolic parameters and adipokines such as adiponectin and ghrelin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Methods: Forty-three women ( n: 43) with polycystic ovary syndrome and 43 ( n: 43) women as a control group were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Serum levels of endotrophin, adiponectin, and ghrelin levels were measured with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol levels, luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio, total testosterone, and triglyceride levels were measured. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index, body mass index, Ferriman Gallwey Score, and waist-to-hip ratio were also evaluated. Results: Total testosterone, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio, and triglyceride levels were higher in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome ( p < 0.01). No difference was detected between the groups in terms of body mass index, Ferriman Gallwey Score, waist-to-hip ratio, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein levels ( p > 0.05). We did not observe any significant difference in adiponectin and ghrelin levels between the groups ( p > 0.05). Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome had significantly higher endotrophin levels ( p < 0.01). According to our regression analyses [area under the curve: 0.973 (0.935–1.000), 95% confidence interval, 95.2% sensitivity, and 100% specificity], it was shown that endotrophin greater than 92 ng/ml and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance greater than 2.5 might be good predictors for polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis. Conclusion: We demonstrated that endotrophin level is higher in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and may have predicted polycystic ovary syndrome with increased homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index. There was no significant difference in adiponectin and ghrelin levels in the polycystic ovary syndrome group. Endotrophin may have a role in polycystic ovary syndrome etiology rather than other adipokines.

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Association analysis between the polymorphisms of HSD17B5 and HSD17B6 and risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in Chinese population

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-14-0615 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 172 (3) ◽

pp. 227-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Rong Ju ◽

Wei Wu ◽

Juan Fei ◽

Yufeng Qin ◽

Qiuqin Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Chinese Women ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Control Group ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Level

ObjectiveTo assess whether single nucleotide polymorphisms of HSD17B5 (AKR1C3) (rs1937845 and rs12529) and HSD17B6 (rs898611) are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in a Chinese population.DesignA case–control study was conducted to investigate the relation between HSD17B5 and HSD17B6 polymorphisms and PCOS.MethodsIn this study, 335 patients with PCOS and 354 controls were recruited. The genotypes of HSD17B5 (rs1937845 and rs12529) and HSD17B6 (rs898611) were detected by the TaqMan method.Results and conclusionsWe found that the genotypic frequencies of the rs1937845 polymorphism were different in subjects with PCOS compared with control, with the CT genotype being more commonly found in patients with PCOS than in controls (P=0.005). We observed a significantly 1.74-fold higher risk of CT genotype in the polymorphism rs1937845 in women with PCOS vs the control group (adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.74; 95% CI=1.19–2.54; P=0.005). A similar, significant 1.47-fold higher risk (adjusted OR, 1.47; 95% CI=1.07–2.03; P=0.018) was demonstrated for T allele of polymorphism rs1937845 associated with PCOS. In patients with PCOS, the rs12529 (G>C) and rs1937845 (C>T) polymorphisms were strongly associated with the high level of testosterone. The TT carriers of polymorphism rs1937845 had a significantly increased homeostatic model assessment-B% (HOMA-B%) (P=0.045) and that might be associated with the high risk of insulin resistance. However, no significant difference was found in genotype or allele distributions of the polymorphisms rs12529 of HSD17B5 and rs898611 of HSD17B6 between patients with PCOS and controls. Additionally, the two polymorphisms of HSD17B5 are associated with hyperandrogenemia in patients with PCOS. In conclusion, our findings showed a significant statistical association between HSD17B5 rs1937845 and PCOS risk in Chinese women. The CT genotype and T allele frequency are influenced significantly to a higher extent in patients with PCOS than controls. Further studies are needed to confirm the results and find out the exact molecular mechanism of the polymorphism on the risk of hyperandrogenemia and PCOS.

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Impact of body mass index on blood pressure levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-27302007000700013 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 51 (7) ◽

pp. 1104-1109 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Cristiano R.G. Barcellos ◽

Michelle P. Rocha ◽

Sylvia A.Y. Hayashida ◽

Décio Mion Junior ◽

Silvia G. Lage ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Body Mass ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Present Moment ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

As there is controversy about the prevalence of hypertension in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and, up to the present moment, no studies have evaluated the impact of body mass index (BMI) on blood pressure levels (BP) in these patients, we studied retrospectively sixty-nine patients with PCOS, with BMI of 29.0 ± 6.7 kg/m² and aged 25.6 ± 5.6 yr, subdivided into three groups according to BMI (normal, overweight and obese) and evaluated regarding BP (mercury sphygmomanometer), basal hormonal profile, fasting glucose, and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR). Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were normal (118.1 ± 17.0 and 74.7 ± 11.5 mmHg, respectively), with a hypertension prevalence of 20.3%. Of these patients, 78.6% were obese and 21.4% were overweight. When the groups were compared according to BMI, a significant increase in SBP and DBP was observed (higher in overweight and obese patients for SBP and higher in obese for DBP), as well as a significant progressive increase in glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment, and a significant progressive decline in LH levels. When the patients were subdivided as normotensive or hypertensive, a significant difference was observed only for BMI (28.2 ± 6.1 and 34.7 ± 8.6 kg/m², respectively; p = 0.007). In conclusion, we observed a significant and progressive impact of BMI on blood pressure levels in our patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

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Association between Insulin Resistance and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1642634 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (04) ◽

pp. 188-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Miriam Wanderley ◽

Lara Pereira ◽

Carla Santos ◽

Vinícius Cunha ◽

Mariam Neves

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Normal Body Mass Index ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Obese Women ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Indirect Methods ◽

Significant Difference

Objective To analyze the association between the indirect methods of evaluating insulin resistance (IR) and blood pressure, anthropometric and biochemical parameters in a population of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. Methods Cross-sectional study performed at the Hospital Universitário de Brasília (HUB, in the Portuguese acronym) involving PCOS patients diagnosed from January 2011 to January 2013. Four indirect methods, namely, fasting blood insulin level, fasting glucose/insulin ratio (G/I), homeostatic model-assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), were used to obtain the IR diagnosis. The data were analyzed using the test of proportions, the Chi-square test, and Fisher exact test, when indicated. Results Out of the 83 patients assessed, aged 28.79 ± 5.85, IR was found in 51.81–66.2% of them using the G/I ratio and the QUICKI, respectively. The test of proportions did not show a significant difference between the methods analyzed. The proportion of IR diagnoses was statistically higher in obese women than in women with normal body mass index (BMI). We observed a statistically significant association between all the methods for diagnosing IR and BMI, waist circumference (WC) and lipid accumulation product (LAP). With regards to arterial hypertension (AH), we observed a significant association according to three methods, with the exception of the ratio G/I. Conclusion Insulin resistance prevalence varied according to the diagnostic method employed, with no statistical difference between them. The proportion of IR diagnoses was statistically higher in obese women than in women with normal BMI. We observed a significant association between IR and WC, BMI, LAP, as well as dyslipidemia and AH in a high proportion of patients.

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Identification of a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Susceptibility Variant in Fibrillin-3 and Association with a Metabolic Phenotype

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2007-0761 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 92 (11) ◽

pp. 4191-4198 ◽

Cited By ~ 70

Author(s):

Margrit Urbanek ◽

Susan Sam ◽

Richard S. Legro ◽

Andrea Dunaif

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Academic Medical Center ◽

Susceptibility Locus ◽

Metabolic Phenotype ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Metabolic Abnormalities ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common reproductive endocrine disorder of premenopausal women, is also associated with metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance and an increased risk for diabetes mellitus. We previously mapped a PCOS susceptibility locus to chromosome 19p13.2 near the dinucleotide repeat marker D19S884. Objective: Our objective is to localize the chromosome 19p13.2 PCOS susceptibility locus and determine its impact on metabolic features of PCOS. Design: Resequencing and family-based association testing were used to examine the effect of sequence variation within 100 kb of D19S884 on the reproductive and metabolic phenotypes of PCOS. Setting: The study was conducted in an academic medical center. Subjects: Genetic analyses were performed on DNA obtained from1723 individuals in 412 families with 412 index cases and 43 affected sisters of predominantly European origin (>94%). Genotype-phenotype associations were assessed in 601 women with PCOS and 168 brothers of affected women. Results: D19S884 allele 8 (A8) within intron 55 of the fibrillin-3 (FBN3) gene showed the strongest evidence for association with PCOS of 53 variants tested (Pcorrected = 0.0037). A8 was also associated with higher levels of fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance in women with PCOS and higher fasting levels of proinsulin and proinsulin/insulin ratio in brothers. Conclusions: These findings strongly suggest that A8 of D19S884 is the chromosome 19p13.2 PCOS susceptibility locus. The association of D19S884 with markers of insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction suggests that the same variant contributes to the reproductive and metabolic abnormalities of PCOS in affected women and their brothers.

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Association of +45G15G(T/G) and +276(G/T) polymorphisms in the ADIPOQ gene with polycystic ovary syndrome among Han Chinese women

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-07-0576 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 158 (2) ◽

pp. 255-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Ning Zhang ◽

Yu-Hua Shi ◽

Cui-Fang Hao ◽

Harvest F Gu ◽

Yuan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Chinese Women ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Han Chinese ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Adipoq Gene ◽

Insulin Levels ◽

Increased Risk

ObjectivePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is frequently associated with insulin resistance (IR) and consequently with increased risk of metabolic disorders. Adiponectin is the most abundant adipocytokine and may play a role in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and IR in PCOS. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic influence of the adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene polymorphisms in the development of PCOS among Han Chinese women.MethodsTwo single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs),+45G15G(T/G) and +276(G/T), in the ADIPOQ gene were genotyped in 120 patients with PCOS and 120 healthy control subjects. All of them were Han Chinese women.ResultsBoth SNPs were found to be significantly associated with PCOS (P=0.021, odds ratios=1.629, 95% confidence intervals: 1.074–2.469 and P=0.015, 1.576, 1.091–2.279 respectively). In SNP +276(G/T), the allele G was found to be significantly associated with increased fasting insulin levels, homeostasis model assessment to assess IR index, and area under the curve glucose levels, but decreased glucose and insulin ratio in the PCOS patients. Furthermore, the patients carrying genotypes G/G and G/T had significantly decreased levels of serum adiponectin (6.16±3.18 plus 5.93±3.23 vs 8.96±3.21 μg/ml, P=0.030) compared with the patients with genotype T/T.ConclusionsThe present study provides evidence that SNPs +45G15G(T/G) and +276(G/T) in the ADIPOQ gene are associated with PCOS in Han Chinese women. SNP +276(G/T) may contribute to an impact of insulin levels and IR, which are implicated in the susceptibility for PCOS.

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Serum Asprosin Level in Different Subtypes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-41704/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

yonghui jiang ◽

yue liu ◽

zhiheng yu ◽

ping yang ◽

lei xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Control Group ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pcos Group

Abstract Objective Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can be divided into different subtypes, including insulin resistance (IR) and hyperandrogenism (HA). Asprosin is a novel hormone associated with IR; however, the role of asprosin in women with PCOS has not been investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum asprosin levels and PCOS subtypes. Methods Ninety-three women with PCOS and 77 healthy women as controls were selected for this study. Clinical and laboratory data were compared between the PCOS group and the control group. The PCOS group was further divided into subgroups: 1) women with or without HA (PCOS HA and PCOS NHA, respectively); 2) women with or without IR (PCOS IR and PCOS NIR, respectively). Serum asprosin was measured by ELISA. Results Serum asprosin levels showed no significant difference between the PCOS and control groups. However, it was significantly lower in the PCOS HA and IR groups compared to the respective PCOS NHA and NIR groups (P < .05). In the PCOS group, serum asprosin was negatively correlated with body mass index, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, basal antral follicles, fasting insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, and triglycerides. After adjusting for BMI, the correlations were not significant and asprosin was only positively correlated with prolactin (r = 0.426, P < .001). Conclusions Our study shows that women with PCOS HA or IR exhibit significantly lower serum asprosin levels compared to controls, and the lower asprosin level directly correlated with PRL level.

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P–597 Placental expression of neurokinin B and its receptor NK3R is increased in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: results of a preliminary study

Human Reproduction ◽

10.1093/humrep/deab130.596 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

G Markantes ◽

F Markatos ◽

N Georgopoulos

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Small Sample ◽

Neurokinin B ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Study question Is the placental expression of neurokinin B (NKB) and its receptors NK1R, NK2R and NK3R affected by the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)? Summary answer: The placental expression of NKB and NK3R is increased in PCOS, while the expression of NK1R and NK2R is not affected. What is known already: Women with PCOS are at increased risk of pregnancy complications and poor pregnancy outcomes. Defective placentation is among the proposed mechanisms involved. Altered NKB placental expression has been associated with several conditions characterized by placental dysfunction, such as pre-eclampsia and intra-uterine growth retardation. To our knowledge, the expression of NKB and its receptors has not been studied in placental tissue of women with PCOS. Study design, size, duration This was a single-center, prospective, case-control study. Women with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria (cases) and healthy pregnant women (controls) were enrolled at first prenatal visit and followed until delivery. Only women with spontaneous conception and singleton, uncomplicated, term pregnancies (10 PCOS and 10 controls) were included in the final analysis. All participants provided informed consent. Participants/materials, setting, methods At delivery, placental specimens were collected and immediately submerged in RNAlater solution. Samples were stored at –20oC until analysis. The mRNA expression of NKB, NK1R, NK2R and NK3R was quantified by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). The relative mRNA expression was estimated by the ΔΔCT method, using β-actin as reference (housekeeping gene). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0, and the level of statistical significance was set at 0.05 (two-sided). Main results and the role of chance The placental mRNA expression of NKB and NK3R was significantly higher in PCOS women versus controls (2.4-fold, p < 0.05 for NKB and 7-fold, p < 0.05 for NK3R). No significant alterations were observed in the mRNA expression of NK1R and NK2R between the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference regarding age, BMI, caesarian section frequency, offspring sex and birth weight between women with PCOS and controls. The placental expression of NKB and its receptors was correlated neither with maternal age and BMI, nor with offspring birth weight. Limitations, reasons for caution The main limitation of this study is the small sample size. Expanding the number of participants is the necessary next step, in order to corroborate our preliminary findings. Furthermore, correlations between the placental expression of NKB, NK1R, NK2R, NK3R and maternal sex steroids, glucose and insulin levels should be sought. Wider implications of the findings: The present study is the first to demonstrate increased placental expression of NKB and its receptor NK3R in women with PCOS. These findings support a potential role for NKB as a mediator of placental alterations characterizing PCOS. Trial registration number Not applicable

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Prevalence of Asthma in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women: A Meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-122458/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Honghao Sun ◽

Da Li ◽

Jiao Jiao ◽

Qing Liu ◽

Jiansu Bian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Random Effects ◽

Study Design ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background: A few publications have reported the prevalence of asthma in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. But it remains debatable whether PCOS is an independent risk factor of asthma. Thus we carried out this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between PCOS and asthma.Methods：PubMed, Embase, web of science, Scopus, Cochrane trial register, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Databases were searched for studies published from inception to October 2020. We extracted the data and performed the meta-analysis under the guidance of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). We used a random-effects model and calculated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).Results：A total of 6 articles concerning 26876 PCOS women and 156143 healthy controls were included. According to the result of the study, PCOS patients have increased risk of asthma (OR=1.75, 95%CI=1.40–2.19, I2=91.2%, P=0.000, random-effects model). When stratified by region, diagnostic cirteria for asthma and study design, the results did not show significant difference.Conclusions： PCOS leads to higher asthma risk, and this association is independent to region, diagnostic cirteria for asthma and study design.

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Effect of a low-starch/low-dairy diet on fat oxidation in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2014-0073 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (11) ◽

pp. 1237-1244 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ali M. Pohlmeier ◽

Jennifer L. Phy ◽

Phillip Watkins ◽

Mallory Boylan ◽

Julian Spallholz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Fat Oxidation ◽

Carbohydrate Oxidation ◽

Obese Women ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects between 4%–18% of reproductive-aged women and is associated with increased risk of obesity and obesity-related disease. PCOS is associated with hyperinsulinemia, which is known to impair fat oxidation. Research shows that carbohydrates from dairy and starch-based foods cause greater postprandial insulin secretion than carbohydrates from nonstarchy vegetables and fruits. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an ad libitum 8-week low-starch/low-dairy diet would improve fasting and postprandial fat oxidation after a high saturated fat liquid meal (HSFLM) in overweight and obese women with PCOS. Prospective 8-week dietary intervention using a low-starch/low-dairy diet in 10 women (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 and ≤45 kg/m2) with PCOS. Indirect calorimetry was used at fasting and for 5 h following consumption of the HSFLM to determine respiratory exchange ratio (RER), macronutrient oxidation, and energy expenditure (EE) at week 0 and week 8. Participants had a reduction in body weight (–8.1 ± 1.8 kg, p < 0.05) and fasting insulin (–19.5 ± 8.9 μg/mL, p < 0.05) after dietary intervention; however, these were not significantly correlated with improved fat oxidation. There was a reduction in fasting RER, and fasting and postprandial carbohydrate oxidation, and an increase in fasting and postprandial fat oxidation after adjusting for body weight. There was also significant difference in incremental area under the curve from pre- to post-diet for fat (0.06 ± 0.00 g/kg per 5 h; p < 0.001) and carbohydrate oxidation (–0.29 ± 0.06 g/kg per 5 h; p < 0.001), but not for RER or EE. In conclusion, an 8-week low-starch/low-dairy diet increased fat oxidation in overweight and obese women with PCOS.

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