scholarly journals Changes in the clinicopathological characteristics and genetic alterations of follicular thyroid cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 177 (6) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Shin Song ◽  
Jung Ah Lim ◽  
Hye Sook Min ◽  
Min Joo Kim ◽  
Hoon Sung Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Extrathyroidal Extension ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Follicular Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Promoter Mutations ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveChanges in the clinicopathological characteristics and genetic alterations of follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) over time have not been reported. Moreover, the prognostic effects ofRASandTERTpromoter mutations in FTC have not been clearly elucidated. We investigated changes in the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with FTC over four decades, as well as the clinical significance of genetic mutations of FTC.Design and methodsThis retrospective study included 690 patients with FTC who underwent thyroidectomy between 1973 and 2015 at the Seoul National University Hospital. In 134 samples, genetic tests forN/H/KRASandTERTpromoter mutations andPAX8/PPARγrearrangement were performed.ResultsThe age at diagnosis has increased (P < 0.001) in recent decades and extrathyroidal extension of the tumor has become less common (P = 0.033). Other clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of FTC have not significantly changed. The prevalence ofRASmutations decreased (P = 0.042) over time, whereas that ofTERTpromoter mutations remained stable.RASmutations were associated with distant metastasis and persistent disease, andTERTpromoter mutations were associated with distant metastasis, advanced TNM stage, recurrence and disease-specific mortality. FTC patients with coexistentRASandTERTpromoter mutations showed a higher recurrence risk than those with only one mutation.ConclusionsThe age at diagnosis of FTC and the frequency of extrathyroidal extension have changed over four decades. Moreover, the prevalence ofRASmutations decreased.RASandTERTpromoter mutations may be associated with poor clinical outcomes in FTC, especially when the two mutations coexist.

scholarly journals Patient and tumor factors contributing to distant metastasis in well-differentiated thyroid cancer: a retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Khan ◽  
Ayham Al Afif ◽  
Abdullah Aldaihani ◽  
Colin MacKay ◽  
Matthew H. Rigby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Resection Margins ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Distant metastasis in thyroid cancer significantly reduces survival in patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC). There is limited information available to clinicians regarding pathological features that confer a higher risk of distant metastasis (DM). This study aimed to identify patient and tumor factors that were associated with the development of DM over time in patients with WDTC. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis of patients with WDTC (n = 584) at our institution was performed between 2007 and 2017. A total of 39 patients with DM and 529 patients with no DM (NDM) were included. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics and patient survival were compared between the DM and NDM groups using a univariate analysis. Multivariate Cox-proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the risk of developing distant metastasis over time. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare survival between the DM and NDM groups. Results Distant metastasis had a substantial impact on disease-specific survival (DSS) at 5 and 10-years in the DM group; 71.0% (SE 8.4%) and 46.9% (SE 11.6%) respectively, compared to 100% survival in the NDM group (p < 0.001). The DM group had significantly higher proportions of males, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), nodal metastasis (NM), large tumor size (TS), extrathyroidal extension (ETE), positive resection margins, multifocality, follicular thyroid cancer (FTC), tall cell variant of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), and Hurthle cell carcinoma (HCC), when compared to the NDM group (p < 0.05). A TS ≥ 2 cm (Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.370), NM (HR 3.806) and FTC (HR 7.068) were associated with a significantly increased hazard of developing distant metastasis in patients with WDTC. Conclusions TS ≥ 2 cm, NM and FTC are associated with a significantly increased propensity for developing DM in our cohort of WDTC patients. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Changes in the Demographic and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Thyroid Cancer: A Population-Based Investigation in Algeria, 1993-2013

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Houda Boukheris ◽  
Arslan Bettayeb ◽  
Lesley Ann Anderson ◽  
Zineb Achour ◽  
Fatma Zohra Benbachir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Iodine Nutrition ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Histologic Types ◽  
Over Time

Over the last three decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide. The reasons for this increase remain controversial. In Algeria, however, to date, information on thyroid cancer has been limited to a hospital-based case series. We analyzed data from a population-based cohort study in Oran District, Algeria, to describe demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer between 1993 and 2013. Medical records and pathology reports of thyroid cancer patients who had surgery were reviewed. Changes in demographic and clinicopathological features over the 21-year period are described. During the study period, thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 1248 women (86.5%, mean age 43.7±15.2 years) and 195 men (23.4%, mean age 48.1±15.9 years). Most cases (83.1% for women and 69.8% for men) sought a diagnosis following a self-neck check. The most common histologic types were papillary (58.3%), follicular (29.7%), anaplastic (4.1%), and medullary (0.8%) carcinomas. The incidence of papillary carcinomas significantly increased (p<0.001) while the incidence of other histologic types significantly decreased over time. Tumor size overall significantly decreased (p<0.001) while the frequency of small (≤20 mm) and larger (>20 mm) carcinomas significantly increased (p<0.05). The frequency of thyroid cancers with capsular effractions and angioinvasions also decreased over time. Thyroid cancer incidence in Algeria has increased substantially in line with international trends with changes in clinical practice being a possible contributing factor. However, the increasing papillary-to-follicular cancer ratio may be due to changes in iodine nutrition status in Algeria. Further research, including exploration of biological and molecular features of thyroid cancer, will enable a better understanding of risk factors and etiopathogenetic mechanisms.

Prevalence of iodine- and thyroglobulin negative findings in differentiated thyroid cancer

2001 ◽  
Vol 40 (05) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Klutmann ◽  
L. Jenicke ◽  
M. Geiss-Tönshoff ◽  
J. Mester ◽  
M. Clausen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Recurrent Disease ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Follicular Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Negative Findings ◽  
Additional Imaging ◽  
Iodine Scan

Summary Aim: The prevalence of iodine- and thyroglobulin-nega-tive findings was evaluated in all patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) treated from 1961 until 1998 at the Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf. Methods: A total of 490 patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PCA) and 242 patients with follicular thyroid cancer (FCA) were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into four groups: 1: no recurrence, 2: recurrent disease, 3: primary metas-tatic/progressive disease and 4: inconclusive follow-up. Results of iodine scan, serum-TG, and additional imaging modalities as well as histology were compared in all patients. Results: 21/490 (4,3%) of patients with PCA and 16/242 (6,6%) with FCA suffered from recurrent disease. 62/490 (12,7%) of patients with PCA and 59/242 (24,4%) with FCA had primary metastatic/progressive disease. 12/21 patients with PCA and 12/16 with FCA showing up with recurrent disease had a negative iodinescan. 11/21 of patients with PCA and 4/16 with FCA and tumor recurrence had negative serum-TG levels. 14/62 patients with PCA and 14/59 with FCA presenting with primary metastatic/ progressive disease had negative iodinescan. 14/62 patients with PCA and 6/59 with FCA had negative serum-TG. Conclusion: The prevalence of iodine-negative recurrent"/metastatic disease is in accordance to the literature, whereas the prevalence of TG-negative recurrent/metastatic was noted higher than reported previously. Thus, the commonly used follow-up scheme of DTC is confirmed. However, iodine scan should be regularly performed in patients with high risk of recurrence.

Clinicopathologic Features in Minimally Invasive Follicular Thyroid Cancer Patients with Distant Metastasis

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Wook Ju ◽  
Su-jin Kim ◽  
Young Jun Chai ◽  
Jin Wook Yi ◽  
Chan-Yong Seong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Clinicopathologic Features ◽  
Follicular Thyroid Cancer

scholarly journals Not the same thing: metastatic PTCs have a different background than ATCs

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1370-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario de Biase ◽  
Federica Torricelli ◽  
Moira Ragazzi ◽  
Benedetta Donati ◽  
Elisabetta Kuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Different Genetic Background ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Promoter Mutations ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare but highly aggressive form of thyroid cancer. By contrast, differentiated papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) only rarely behave aggressively and develop distant metastasis. Whether distantly metastatic PTC (DM-PTC) and ATC share a common genetic background is still to be defined. We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to explore the genetic background of a cohort of ATC and DM-PTC and a group of well-differentiated PTCs that did not developed distant metastasis as control (ctrl-PTC). A panel of 128 amplicons within 21 thyroid cancer-related genes was analyzed in a set of 151 thyroid cancer samples including 66 ATCs and DM-PTCs. We showed that the ATC/DM-PTC group had an overall mutational load higher than ctrl-PTCs and that ATCs and DM-PTCs are characterized by a different genetic background, with the exception of mutations in the TERT promoter that were overrepresented in both ATCs (61.1%) and DM-PTCs (48.2%) vs non-aggressive ctrl-PTCs (7.6%). In ATCs, TERT promoter mutations were frequently associated with TP53 mutations, while in the DM-PTCs no significant co-occurrence was observed. No significant association of MED12 mutations with aggressiveness of thyroid cancer was observed in our analysis. Finally, correlation analysis showed that increasing number of mutations negatively impact on patient overall survival also within the ATC and DM-PTC group. In conclusions, overall our analysis further highlights the relevance of TERT promoter mutations in driving aggressiveness and provides new pieces of information in the definition of aggressiveness evolution of thyroid cancer lesions.

Clinicopathologic Features in Minimally Invasive Follicular Thyroid Cancer Patients with Distant Metastasis

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Young Wook Ju ◽  
Su-jin Kim ◽  
Young Jun Chai ◽  
Jin Wook Yi ◽  
Chan-Yong Seong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Clinicopathologic Features ◽  
Follicular Thyroid Cancer
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