scholarly journals No acute response of leptin to an oral fat load in obese patients and during circadian rhythm in healthy controls

2000 ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Guerci ◽  
S Hadjadj ◽  
D Quilliot ◽  
O Ziegler ◽  
P Drouin
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Insulin Responses ◽  
Oral Fat Load

This study was done to elucidate the relationship between postprandial leptin and obesity, and the possible influence of the circadian rhythm on the dynamic leptin response to an oral fat load (OFLT). In experiment 1, we measured the leptin and insulin responses to an oral fat load in 16 non-diabetic obese subjects and in 16 healthy controls, matched for age and gender. In experiment 2, we measured the leptin and insulin responses to an OFLT according to the time of fat load ingestion: 0700 h (diurnal (D) test) or 2200 h (nocturnal (N) test) in nine normal-weight healthy males. Baseline leptin concentration was correlated with the body mass index, body fat mass and percentage of body fat mass in both experiments. The leptin concentrations were higher in women than in men (P<0.001). In experiment 1, the leptin concentrations were higher in obese subjects than in controls, but did not change over time in either group. The plasma insulin concentrations at baseline and during the postprandial state, as well as the area under the curve (AUC) of insulin, were higher in obese subjects than in controls (P<0.05-0. 0001). There was no correlation between postprandial insulin responses and postprandial leptin responses in either obese or control groups. In experiment 2, leptin (D vs N, 2.9+/-1.4 vs 2. 9+/-1.0 ng/ml) and insulin (D vs N, 41+/-18 vs 25+/-9 pmol/l) concentrations were similar at the beginning of the D and N tests after a 10 h fast. The leptin concentrations did not change after D or N tests and were not statistically different for D and N tests. Our results indicate that the leptin concentration in healthy controls and in obese patients is not acutely influenced by a high fat load.

Prevalence of obesity using the body mass index and equivalent age- and sex-specific thresholds for percentage body fat mass

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e93
Author(s):  
Julie A. Pasco ◽  
Haslinda Gould ◽  
Kara L. Holloway ◽  
Amelia G. Dobbins ◽  
Mark A. Kotowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals An investigation into the effect of body mass index on the agreement between whole-body fat mass determined by MRI and air-displacement plethysmography

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (1103) ◽  
pp. 20190300
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Weedall ◽  
Adrian J. Wilson ◽  
Sarah C. Wayte
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Air Displacement Plethysmography ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Test Objects

Objective: To validate MRI fat measurement protocols using purpose built test objects and by comparison with air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) whole-body fat measurements in non-obese subjects. Methods: Test objects of known fat concentration were used to quantify the accuracy of the MRI measurements. 10 participants with a body mass index in the range 18–30 underwent whole-body MRI using two different Dixon-based sequences (LAVA Flex and IDEAL IQ) to obtain an estimate of their whole-body fat mass. The MRI determined fat mass was compared to the fat mass determined by ADP. Results: MRI test object measurements showed a high correlation to expected fat percentage (r > 0.98). The participant MRI and ADP results were highly correlated (r = 0.99) but on average (mean ± standard deviation) MRI determined a higher fat mass than ADP (3.8 ± 3.1 kg for LAVA Flex and 1.9 ± 3.2 kg for IDEAL IQ). There was no trend in the difference between MRI and ADP with total fat mass. Conclusion: The good agreement between MRI and ADP shows that Dixon-based MRI can be used effectively as a tool in physiological research for non-obese adults. Advances in knowledge: This work found that for ten non-obese subjects body mass index had no effect on the MRI determination of whole-body fat mass.

scholarly journals Metabolic adaptations in the adipose tissue that underlie the body fat mass gain in middle-aged rats

AGE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Antonio Laurato Sertié ◽  
Rennan de Oliveira Caminhotto ◽  
Sandra Andreotti ◽  
Amanda Baron Campaña ◽  
André Ricardo Gomes de Proença ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations

The Plasma Leptin Concentration Is Closely Associated with the Body Fat Mass in Nondiabetic Uremic Patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Clausen ◽  
Palle Kjærulff Nielsen ◽  
Klaus Olgaard ◽  
Bo Feldt-Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Uremic Patients ◽  
Plasma Leptin

scholarly journals The Impact ofLEPG-2548A andLEPRGln223Arg Polymorphisms on Adiposity, Leptin, and Leptin-Receptor Serum Levels in a Mexican Mestizo Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efraín Chavarria-Avila ◽  
Mónica Vázquez-Del Mercado ◽  
Eduardo Gomez-Bañuelos ◽  
Sandra-Luz Ruiz-Quezada ◽  
Jorge Castro-Albarran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Impact

The polymorphisms in leptin (LEPG-2548A) and leptin-receptor (LEPRGln223Arg) seem to influence obesity and lipid metabolism among others. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of these polymorphisms on adiposity, leptin (sLeptin), and leptin-receptor (sLeptin-receptor) serum concentrations as well as inflammation markers. We included 382 adults originally from Western Mexico. They were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Obese individuals showed higher sLeptin (58.2±31.35 ng/mL) but lower sLeptin-receptor (12.6±3.74 ng/mL) levels than normal weight ones (17.6±14.62 ng/mL,17.4±4.62 ng/mL, resp.),P<0.001. Obese subjects carriers of Arg/Arg genotype had more (P=0.016) sLeptin-receptor (14.7±4.96 ng/mL) and less (P=0.004) sLeptin (44.0±28.12 ng/mL) levels than Gln/Gln genotype (11.0±2.92 ng/mL,80.3±33.24 ng/mL, resp.). Body fat mass was lower (Pfrom 0.003 to 0.045) for A/A (36.5%±6.80) or Arg/Arg (36.8%±6.82) genotypes with respect to G/G (41.3%±5.52) and G/A (41.6%±5.61) or Gln/Gln (43.7%±4.74) and Gln/Arg (41.0%±5.52) genotypes carriers. Our results suggest thatLEP-2548A andLEPR223Arg could be genetic markers of less body fat mass accumulation in obese subjects from Western Mexico.

Cocoa-rich chocolate and body composition in postmenopausal women: a randomised clinical trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene A. Garcia-Yu ◽  
Luis Garcia-Ortiz ◽  
Manuel A. Gomez-Marcos ◽  
Emiliano Rodriguez-Sanchez ◽  
Cristina Lugones-Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Habitual Diet

Abstract During menopause, women undergo a series of physiological changes that include a redistribution of fat tissue. This study was designed to investigate the effect of adding 10 g of cocoa-rich chocolate to the habitual diet of postmenopausal women daily on body composition. We conducted a 6-month, two-arm randomised, controlled trial. Postmenopausal women (57·2 (sd 3·6) years, n 132) were recruited in primary care clinics. Participants in the control group (CG) did not receive any intervention. Those of the intervention group (IG) received 10 g daily of 99 % cocoa chocolate in addition to their habitual diet for 6 months. This quantity comprises 247 kJ (59 kcal) and 65·4 mg of polyphenols. The primary outcomes were the between-group differences in body composition variables, measured by impendancemetry at the end of the study. The main effect of the intervention showed a favourable reduction in the IG with respect to the CG in body fat mass (–0·63 kg (95 % CI –1·15, –0·11), P = 0·019; Cohen’s d = –0·450) and body fat percentage (–0·79 % (95 % CI –1·31, –0·26), P = 0·004; Cohen’s d = –0·539). A non-significant decrease was also observed in BMI (–0·20 kg/m2 (95 % CI –0·44, 0·03), P = 0·092; Cohen’s d = –0·345). Both the body fat mass and the body fat percentage showed a decrease in the IG for the three body segments analysed (trunk, arms and legs). Daily addition of 10 g of cocoa-rich chocolate to the habitual diet of postmenopausal women reduces their body fat mass and body fat percentage without modifying their weight.

Effect of growth hormone administration and treadmill exercise on the body composition of rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Yeh ◽  
J. F. Aloia ◽  
M. Chen ◽  
S. Sprintz
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Growth Hormone Administration ◽  
Hormone Administration

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of growth hormone administration and treadmill exercise on bone mass, body fat mass, and fat-free mass. Forty female rats aged 14 mo were divided into control, ovine growth hormone administration (0.5 mg.kg-1.day-1; GH), treadmill exercise (17 m/min, 60 min/day; EX), and EX + GH groups. Noninvasive total body electrical conductivity and dual X-ray absorptiometry techniques were used to assess the body fat content, fat-free mass, and tibial and L4 vertebral bone mineral content of each experimental animal at weeks 0, 9, and 16. The age-related increase in body fat mass was suppressed in the GH group, and the fat-free mass and L4 bone mass were higher in the GH group than in the control group. Conversely, in the EX group there was no gain in body fat mass and no significant change in fat-free mass or vertebral bone mass. The tibial bone mass increased in both the GH and EX groups; however, the time response to the two interventions appeared to differ. In the EX + GH group there was no further enhancement of the anabolic effect on the tibial bone mass. The effect of growth hormone administration on body fat content and bone mass is distinct from that of treadmill exercise.

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