Low maternal B12 associates with higher leptin in maternal adipose tissue, placental tissue and cord blood

Stem cell therapy has prompted the expansion of veterinary medicine both experimentally and clinically, with the potential to contribute to contemporary treatment strategies for various diseases and conditions for which limited or no therapeutic options are presently available. Although the application of various types of stem cells, such as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs), and umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs), has promising potential to improve the health of different species, it is crucial that the benefits and drawbacks are completely evaluated before use. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a rich source of stem cells; nonetheless, isolation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from UCB presents technical challenges. Although MSCs have been isolated from UCB of diverse species such as human, equine, sheep, goat, and canine, there are inherent limitations of using UCB from these species for the expansion of MSCs. In this review, we investigated canine UCB (cUCB) and compared it with UCB from other species by reviewing recent articles published from February 2003 to June 2017 to gain an understanding of the limitations of cUCB in the acquisition of MSCs and to determine other suitable sources for the isolation of MSCs from canine. Our review indicates that cUCB is not an ideal source of MSCs because of insufficient volume and ethical issues. However, canine reproductive organs discarded during neutering may help broaden our understanding of effective isolation of MSCs. We recommend exploring canine reproductive and adipose tissue rather than UCB to fulfill the current need in veterinary medicine for the well-designed and ethically approved source of MSCs.

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Antibiotic Concentration in Maternal Blood, Cord Blood and Placental Tissue in Women with Chorioamnionitis

Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation ◽

10.1159/000294878 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 185-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Mark C. Maberry ◽

Kenneth J. Trimmer ◽

Roger E. Bawdon ◽

Sorab Sobhi ◽

Jody B. Dax ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Placental Tissue ◽

Maternal Blood ◽

Antibiotic Concentration

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Usefulness of Wharton’s Jelly, Cord Blood, and Adipose Tissue as Alternative Sources of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v108.11.4250.4250 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 108 (11) ◽

pp. 4250-4250

Author(s):

Jun Ho Jang ◽

Hyun Woo Lee ◽

Young-Woo Eom ◽

Seok Yun Kang ◽

Joon Seong Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Tissue Repair ◽

Wharton’S Jelly ◽

Population Doubling ◽

Wharton's Jelly ◽

Alternative Sources

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a highly promising source of adult stem cells for purposes of cell therapy and tissue repair in the field of regenerative medicine. Although the most studied and accessible source of MSC is the bone marrow, the clinical use of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) has presented problems, including pain, morbidity, and low cell number upon harvest. For those reasons, we isolated, cultured, and characterized MSCs from a number of tissues; including wharton’s jelly, cord blood, and adipose tissues that were discarded routinely in the past, and evaluated the usefulness of these MSCs compared to BMSCs. Proliferation ability of Wharton’s jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs), Cord blood-derived MSCs (CB-MSCs), or adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ASCs) was lost at passage 8–10 (22–27 population doubling), passage 7–10, or passage 7–12 (45–50 population doubling), respectively. WJ-MSCs, CB-MSCs, and ASCs expressed CD73, CD90, and CD105, CD90, CD105, and CD166, and CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD166, respectively, were absent for CD14, CD31, and CD45, and differentiated into osteoblast, adipocyte, and chondrogenic lineages under appropriate culture condition. In this study, like BMSCs, WJ-MSCs, CB-MSCs, and ASCs expressed similar cell surface antigens, were able to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages, and possessed highly proliferation potential. Therefore, MSCs isolated from wharton’s jelly, cord blood, and adipose tissue may become useful alternative sources of MSCs to cell therapy and tissue repair in the field of regenerative medicine.

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Maternal adipose tissue, maternal and cord blood essential fatty acids and their long-chain polyunsaturated derivatives composition after elective caesarean section

Early Human Development ◽

10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.09.005 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 83 (7) ◽

pp. 459-464 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Elżbieta Pankiewicz ◽

Andrzej Cretti ◽

Elżbieta Ronin-Walknowska ◽

Maria-Beata Czeszyńska ◽

Halina Konefał ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Elective Caesarean Section ◽

Long Chain

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Sex differences in the association of cord blood insulin with subcutaneous adipose tissue in neonates

International Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1038/ijo.2015.185 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 538-542 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

M Eder ◽

B Csapo ◽

C Wadsack ◽

J Haas ◽

P M Catalano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Blood Insulin ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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Dissimilar Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bone Marrow, Umbilical Cord Blood, and Adipose Tissue

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.3181/0712-rm-356 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 233 (7) ◽

pp. 901-913 ◽

Cited By ~ 258

Author(s):

C. K. Rebelatto ◽

A. M. Aguiar ◽

M. P. Moretão ◽

A. C. Senegaglia ◽

P. Hansen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Umbilical Cord Blood

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Flow Cytometric Characterization of Cell Surface Markers to Differentiate Between Fibroblasts and Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Different Origin

Archives of Medical Science ◽

10.5114/aoms/131088 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Suzanne Sober ◽

Homa Darmani ◽

Dana Alhattab ◽

Abdalla Awidi

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Cell Surface ◽

Placental Tissue ◽

Surface Markers ◽

Cell Surface Markers ◽

Wharton's Jelly ◽

Different Origins

IntroductionIdentification and purification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) expanded in culture for therapeutic use is crucial for improved yield and optimal results. Fibroblasts are the most common cell type in connective tissue and are commonly found as contaminants of MSC cultures, affecting cell yield and potentially causing tumor formation after cell transplantation. In the current study, we wished to identify cell surface markers that can differentiate MSCs of different origins from fibroblasts.Material and methodsMSCs were isolated from bone marrow, adipose tissue, Wharton’s jelly and placental tissue and fibroblasts were isolated from foreskin (as a negative control) in order to examine the differences in the expression of a panel of 14 different cell surface markers using multiplex flow cytometry.ResultsOur results indicate that the following markers could be useful in differentiating between fibroblasts and MSCs derived from: adipose tissue - CD79a, CD105, CD106, CD146, and CD271; Wharton’s jelly - CD14, CD56 and CD105; bone marrow - CD105, CD106, and CD146; placental tissue - CD14, CD105, and CD146. Furthermore, we found that, contradictory to previous studies, CD26 is not fibroblast-specific.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the results of our study indicate that cell surface markers may prove to be a useful tool in the discrimination between MSCs of different origins and fibroblasts and thus may be used to authenticate the identity of the isolated cells.

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Communication of Placental Iron Trafficking Proteins with Maternal and Fetal Iron Regulators

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2018-99-116344 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 3629-3629

Author(s):

Sreenithi Santhakumar ◽

Rekha Athiyarath ◽

Anne George Cherian ◽

Vinod Abraham ◽

Biju George ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Placental Tissue ◽

Maternal Serum ◽

Iron Trafficking ◽

Cord Blood Serum ◽

Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

Abstract During pregnancy, iron is a primary requisite micronutrient for the developing fetal-placental unit and increased maternal erythrocyte mass expansion. Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy (IDAP) remains a constant public health problem in our country where all of them receive routine iron supplementation.The mechanism involved in iron regulatory pathway across the placenta is more complex and less understood. Here we examined the hematological and biochemical parameters of mother and fetus, placental mRNA and protein expression of iron trafficking proteins in iron replete and deplete pregnant women. Subjects who presented to the department of community health for child birth were screened and consenting patients (age<35 years and a gestational age≥36weeks) were included in the study. Maternal and cord blood samples were collected and a cut placental tissue (~0.5cm) was obtained at the time of delivery. Hematological and biochemical parameters were analysed according to standard methods. Serum ferritin was measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay. Maternal and cord blood serum hepcidin and GDF15 levels were measured using ELISA (DRG Diagnostics and Ray Biotech, respectively). Placental tissue RNA extracted using PARIS kit (Ambion) and cDNA was synthesised using RT2 first strand Kit (QIAGEN). The relative quantification of twenty two genes involved in iron uptake, export, transport and regulation was done using Custom RT2 PCR Array (SA Biosciences, QIAGEN). Western blot analysis was performed for significantly expressed genes. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. A total of one hundred and thirty eight pregnant women (n=138) were included in the study; 14 subjects were excluded due to unavailability of either maternal or cord blood serum samples. A cut off of ferritin<30ng/mL was taken to define iron deficiency since all of them were on regular iron supplementation during pregnancy. Of the 124 subjects, 28 subjects had iron deficiency anaemia (Hb<10.5g/dL and Ferritin<30ng/mL) and 52 were iron replete (Hb>10.5g/dL and Ferritin>30ng/mL). Forty four women who did not fulfil either of the criteria were not included for analysis. The demographic, hematological and biochemical parameters of the groups are tabulated (Table.1). In the IDAP, even though the maternal serum ferritin levels were reduced, their fetal ferritin levels did not differ significantly from the control fetuses [IDAP fetuses- 139.8ng/mL, 15.4-300.5 vs Control fetuses - 143.4ng/mL, 13.1-461; p= 0.72]. No significant association was observed between ferritin and hepcidin levels either in the maternal or fetal serum. Interestingly, we found a negative correlation between maternal serum GD15 levels and fetal hepcidin: ferritin ratio (r=-0.439; p=0.025). Placental gene expression and protein expression was further analyzed (Table.2). Significantly higher gene expression of placental IREB2 [p=0.011], and ferroportin [p=0.000] were observed in iron deficient cohort. TP53 and LRP1 mRNA expressions were significantly lower in IDAP [p=0.002 & p=0.000]. Maternal serum ferritin had a significant positive correlation with placental expression of IREB2 (r=0.519; p=0.027) and LRP1 (r=0.470; p=0.049). At the protein level, placental GDF15 protein was significantly elevated in IDAP [p=0.04]. Placental GDF15 and ferroportin (FPN) was positively correlated with fetal ferritin (r=0.626; p=0.017 & r=0.552; p=0.041). Even when the maternal iron stores are low, the fetus gets the priority according to the hierarchy of iron usage. In IDAP, we observed a higher expression of placental ferroportin and transferrin receptor which probably leads to the increased efflux of iron towards fetus. Elevated placental GDF15 and ferroportin may imply that they play a major role in accomplishing iron trafficking and has to be further explored. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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