scholarly journals Measuring Integration of Disabled Persons: Evidence from Canada’s Time Use Databases

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarke Wilson ◽  
Mary Ann McColl ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Paige McKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Activity Limitation ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Disabled Women ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
Integration Data

Disability is defined in terms of activity limitation. We propose using daily time use data as a macro indicator of the degree of integration of people with disabilities into the wider society. If activity patterns of disabled persons are becoming more similar to those of the general population, this indicates a reduction in activity limitation and suggests opportunity and social integration are increasing. Decreasing similarity of activity patterns would indicate a failure of policies promoting integration. Data on daily activities were drawn from Statistics Canada General Social Survey files for the cycles focusing on time use for 1992 and 2010. Canada-wide there has been a convergence of the activities of disabled and non-disabled persons of about 13 percent over the period examined. Convergence has been slightly greater for disabled women than men. The major source of convergence for disabled women has been a very large increase in paid work time as compared with disabled men. Our results are consistent with the proposition that public policy on disability is succeeding, but the attribution of activity convergence to policy and program interventions would require a great deal of additional research. 

scholarly journals Hebdomadal Patterns of Compensatory Behaviour: Weekday and Weekend Housework Participation in Canada, 1986–2010

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Kolpashnikova ◽  
Man-Yee Kan
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Time Use ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Time Availability ◽  
Low Levels

Quantitative housework research focused on aggregate weekly hours, which are inadequate in revealing hebdomadal compensatory behaviour in housework participation because such behaviour is likely to occur on weekends when couples have more time to do housework. This article extends the existing theoretical frameworks by accounting for the hebdomadal patterns in routine and non-routine housework tasks. Employing five time-use waves of the Canadian General Social Survey, our study shows that the hebdomadal compensatory behaviour applies both to women and men. Equal-earner and breadwinner wives compensate for their low levels of weekday housework participation by doing more routine housework on weekends. Similarly, husbands also increase their time on routine housework on weekends. Therefore, compensatory behaviour is more likely to depend on hebdomadal time availability rather than on the neutralisation of gender deviance in the labour market (gender deviance neutralisation). Some evidence of the gender deviance neutralisation, however, cannot be completely ruled out.

Social Networks and Patterns of Social Interaction among Ever-Single and Separated/Divorced Elderly Canadians

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel A. Strain ◽  
Barbara J. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Family Networks ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Statistics Canada

AbstractThis paper examines the social networks and patterns of social interactions of two relatively neglected marital status groups of elders, namely the ever-single and the separated/divorced. Drawing on data from the 1985 General Social Survey conducted by Statistics Canada, comparisons are made both between and among the 224 ever-single and 126 separated/divorced Canadians aged 65 and over. When controlling for age, gender, education and health status, ever-single individuals tend to have smaller family networks, a similar number of friends, and similar living arrangements as the separated/divorced. In-person contact with siblings is significantly associated with being ever-single while no differences emerge for contact with other relatives or with friends. Differences among the ever-single and among the separated/divorced are also assessed.

Telecommuting and sustainable travel: Reduction of overall travel time, increases in non-motorised travel and congestion relief?

Urban Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 2226-2244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugo Lachapelle ◽  
Georges A Tanguay ◽  
Léa Neumark-Gaudet
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Time Use ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Travel Patterns ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Rebound Effects ◽  
Working From Home ◽  
Mobility Tool

Existing research has concluded that shares of telecommuting are low but stable, increase with distance from the workplace and that telecommuting may reduce commuting-related travel. Its effect on work and non-work travel are subject to rebound effects and, thus, still debated. Additionally, telecommuting does not necessarily occur entirely at home. The paper studies telecommuting’s potential as a sustainable mobility tool in Canada to reduce overall travel time and peak hour travel, and to increase non-motorised travel. Do types of telecommuting arrangements have varying relationships with these studied travel patterns? Using time use data from the 2005 Canadian General Social Survey, studied outcomes are regressed on telecommuting arrangements (all day home working, part-day home working and a combination of other locations and home and/or workplace) and other personal characteristics. Depending on telecommuting arrangements and travel outcomes, results vary. Working from home is associated with decreases in overall travel time by 14 minutes and increases in odds of non-motorised travel by 77%. Other forms of telecommuting yield different results. Telecommuters may be more likely to avoid peak hours when they do take trips. Types of telecommuting arrangements have different impacts on sustainable travel outcomes that should be considered depending on policy priorities.

Analysis of Travel Behavior Using Sequence Alignment Methods

1998 ◽  
Vol 1645 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarke Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Alignment ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
Daily Activity Patterns

Sequence alignment methods are applied to daily activity data derived from the Statistics Canada 1992 General Social Survey on Time Use, with special emphasis on travel episodes and the activities that generate travel. Sequence alignment is a combinatorial procedure that gives a quantitative measure of the similarity of character sequences, which may be used to represent daily activity patterns. It accommodates all the details supplied from activity diaries including the ordering of activity episodes, their duration, and patterns of transitions from one activity to another. Analysis of daily activity patterns by using such methods offers a new way of improving understanding of travel behavior. Such an understanding is especially critical when public transport policy is being driven increasingly by budget constraints, and traffic management through congestion is considered an acceptable response to increasing travel demands. The method successfully identifies groupings of behavioral patterns, which then may be further described by using multivariate analysis of sociodemographic characteristics. A key issue in the application of the method is to determine the circumstances in which activity sequences should or should not reflect episode duration.

scholarly journals Canadians’ Family Meal Status: A Comparison between Anglophones and Francophones

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Davod Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Family Meals ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Nutrition Labels ◽  
Family Meal ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
At Home

<p><em>In this paper, we studied Anglophones and Francophones’ family meal such as, frequency of family meals, shopping for groceries, selecting foods based on nutrition labels, personal cooking abilities, and types of foods used when preparing meals. We also investigated the association between the amounts of minutes eating meals at home and some socio-demographic characteristics. Data from Canadian Community Health Survey: Food Skill 1 on 2012 and General Social Survey: Time Use was analyzed. A decreasing trend was found for the more amount of time spent on meals at home for Anglophones and Francophones in the last two decades. However, Francophones still spent more amounts of time on meals at home compared to their Anglophone counterparts.</em><em></em></p>

Durations and Domains of Daily Aerobic Activity: Evidence From the 2010 Canadian Time-Use Survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Millward ◽  
Jamie E. L. Spinney ◽  
Darren Scott
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent Of Task ◽  
Time Use Survey

Background:This study employs national time-diary data to evaluate how much aerobic activity Canadians engage in on a daily basis, how that activity is apportioned by activity domain, and how subgroups within the population vary in their aerobic attainment.Methods:The study employs time-use data from the 2010 General Social Survey of Canada, for 15,390 respondents aged 15 and older. To estimate effort levels, the authors harmonized survey codes with those in the Compendium of Physical Activities. Aerobic activity was defined as moderate or vigorous effort at 3.5 Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) or higher.Results:Among the 4 activity domains, aerobic participation is highest in leisure activities, followed by chores, paid work, and active transportation (AT). Only a minority (42%) of respondents recorded at least 20 mins/day of aerobic activity. Aerobic totals were particularly low for women and those in poor or fair health, and low for students, 15- to 24-year-olds, and those residing in Quebec, Ontario, and larger cities.Conclusions:The majority of Canadian adults are failing to meet recommended aerobic activity levels. However, there is considerable opportunity to increase aerobic participation for some groups, particularly women and young adults, especially in the leisure and AT domains.

scholarly journals The happiness and income correlation in Canada

SURG Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Anthony Jehn
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
Correlation Statistics ◽  
The Relationship

Does having more income make you happier? Current literature shows varied results regarding the correlation between perceived happiness and income. This article uses data from Statistics Canada's General Social Survey (GSS) in order to examine the relationship between income and perceived happiness in a Canadian context. Findings indicate that annual income does not seem to be correlated with perceived happiness in Canada, thus challenging the age-old adage that money can buy happiness. Keywords: happiness; income; correlation; Statistics Canada General Social Survey (GSS)

Time use for Self Care, Productivity, and Leisure among Elderly Canadians

1992 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison L. McKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Statistics Canada

Elderly Canadians' time use for self-care, productivity, and leisure activities are investigated from the perspective of the occupational performance model (Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists, 1991). Empirical data are drawn from a representative sample of Canadians 65 years of age or older (N=1398) who participated in the 1986 General Social Survey on Time Use, Social Mobility and Language Use (Statistics Canada, 1990a & 1990b). On average, these Canadian seniors used 8.7 hours/day for sleeping, 7.5 hours/day for leisure, 4.7 hours/day for self-care, and 3–1 hours/day for productive activities. Wide variations in time use were also evident. Self-rated happiness did not vary in relation to time use for daily activities; most respondents rated themselves as ‘very happy’ (47%) or ‘somewhat happy’ (44.5%). Suggestions are made for refinement of the occupational performance model, future research, and clinical practice with elderly people.

Does Status Inconsistency Matter for Marital Quality?

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1582-1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Gong
Keyword(s):  
Marital Quality ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Marital Instability ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Status Inconsistency ◽  
The Life Course

This study tests status inconsistency theory by examining the associations between wives' and husbands' relative statuses—that is, earnings, work-time, occupational, and educational inconsistencies—and marital quality and global happiness. The author asks three questions: (a) Is status inconsistency associated with marital quality and overall happiness? (b) Do those who hold traditional or egalitarian gender ideologies react differently to status inconsistency? (c) Are these patterns replicable across three data sets, gathered at different points in time? Data are from the Marital Instability Over the Life Course Survey (1980), the National Survey of Families and Households (1987-1988), and the General Social Survey (1996). With only one exception, status inconsistency is not associated with marital quality or global happiness, even among those who hold the most traditional gender ideologies.

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