IS MATHEMATICS A UNIVERSAL METHOD FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS?

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Universal Method

Representation of information in SEM by equal signal lines

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
E. Rau ◽  
N. Karelin ◽  
V. Dukov ◽  
M. Kolomeytsev ◽  
S. Gavrikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic System ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Specimen Surface ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Base Level ◽  
Signal Value ◽  
Information Signal ◽  
Fixed Base ◽  
Scanning Line ◽  
Amplitude Analyzer

There are different methods and devices for the increase of the videosignal information in SEM. For example, with the help of special pure electronic [1] and opto-electronic [2] systems equipotential areas on the specimen surface in SEM were obtained. This report generalizes quantitative universal method for space distribution representation of research specimen parameter by contour equal signal lines. The method is based on principle of comparison of information signal value with the fixed levels.Transformation image system for obtaining equal signal lines maps was developed in two versions:1)In pure electronic system [3] it is necessary to compare signal U (see Fig.1-a), which gives potential distribution on specimen surface along each scanning line with fixed base level signals εifor obtaining quantitative equipotential information on solid state surface. The amplitude analyzer-comparator gives flare sport videopulses at any fixed coordinate and any instant time when initial signal U is equal to one of the base level signals ε.

Mobile network synthesis strategy

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
V. Lyandres
Keyword(s):  
Average Distance ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Frequency Assignment ◽  
Network Synthesis ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Synthesis Strategy ◽  
Adaptive Vector Quantization

Introduction:Effective synthesis of а mobile communication network includes joint optimisation of two processes: placement of base stations and frequency assignment. In real environments, the well-known cellular concept fails due to some reasons, such as not homogeneous traffic and non-isotropic wave propagation in the service area.Purpose:Looking for the universal method of finding a network structure close to the optimal.Results:The proposed approach is based on the idea of adaptive vector quantization of the network service area. As a result, it is reduced to a 2D discrete map split into zones with approximately equal number of service requests. In each zone, the algorithm finds such coordinates of its base station that provide the shortest average distance to all subscribers. This method takes into account the shortage of the a priory information about the current traffic, ensures maximum coverage of the service area, and what is not less important, significantly simplifies the process of frequency assignment.

UNIVERSAL METHOD OF FASTENING IN AN AREA OF CELESTIAL BOBY WITH NEAR-ZERO GRAVITATIONAL FIELD

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R. Demin ◽  
◽  
D.M. Titov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Universal Method

scholarly journals In Silico Study Suggesting the Bias of Primers Choice in the Molecular Identification of Fungal Aerosols

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Hamza Mbareche ◽  
Marc Veillette ◽  
Guillaume J. Bilodeau
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Sequence Length ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Continuous Work ◽  
Its1 And Its2

This paper presents an in silico analysis to assess the current state of the fungal UNITE database in terms of the two eukaryote nuclear ribosomal regions, Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1 and ITS2), used in describing fungal diversity. Microbial diversity is often evaluated with amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing approaches, which is a target enrichment method that relies on the amplification of a specific target using particular primers before sequencing. Thus, the results are highly dependent on the quality of the primers used for amplification. The goal of this study is to validate if the mismatches of the primers on the binding sites of the targeted taxa could explain the differences observed when using either ITS1 or ITS2 in describing airborne fungal diversity. Hence, the choice of the pairs of primers for each barcode concur with a study comparing the performance of ITS1 and ITS2 in three occupational environments. The sequence length varied between the amplicons retrieved from the UNITE database using the pair of primers targeting ITS1 and ITS2. However, the database contains an equal number of unidentified taxa from ITS1 and ITS2 regions in the six taxonomic levels employed (phylum, class, order, family, genus, species). The chosen ITS primers showed differences in their ability to amplify fungal sequences from the UNITE database. Eleven taxa consisting of Trichocomaceae, Dothioraceae, Botryosphaeriaceae, Mucorales, Saccharomycetes, Pucciniomycetes, Ophiocordyceps, Microsporidia, Archaeorhizomycetes, Mycenaceae, and Tulasnellaceae showed large variations between the two regions. Note that members of the latter taxa are not all typical fungi found in the air. As no universal method is currently available to cover all the fungal kingdom, continuous work in designing primers, and particularly combining multiple primers targeting the ITS region is the best way to compensate for the biases of each one to get a larger view of the fungal diversity.

scholarly journals How to express the antioxidant properties of substances properly?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Olszowy-Tomczyk
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
The Body ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Good Tool

AbstractOxidative stress, associated with an imbalance between the oxidants (reactive oxygen species) and the antioxidants in the body, contributes to the development of many diseases. The body’s fight against reactive oxygen species is supported by antioxidants. Nowadays, there are too many analytical methods, but there is no one universal technique for assessing antioxidant properties. Moreover, the applied different ways of expressing the results lead to their incompatibility and unreasonable interpretation. The paper is a literature review concerning the most frequent ways of antioxidant activities expression and for an easy and universal method of the obtained results discussion. This paper is an attempt to point out their disadvantages and advantages. The manuscript can support the searching interpretation of the obtained results which will be a good tool for the development of a number of fields, especially medicine what can help in the future detection and treatment of many serious diseases. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Size-Dependent Alloying Ability of Immiscible W-Cu Bimetallic Nanoparticles: A Theoretical and Experimental Study

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1047
Author(s):  
Hongbo Zhang ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Siqi Zhao ◽  
Zhanyuan Xu ◽  
Yaozha Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Systems ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Phase Particle ◽  
Phase Segregation ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Original Size ◽  
Face Centered

The preparation of alloyed bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) between immiscible elements is always a huge challenge due to the lack of thermodynamic driving forces. W–Cu is a typical immiscible binary system, and it is difficult to alloy them under conventional circumstances. Here, we used the bond energy model (BEM) to calculate the effect of size on the alloying ability of W–Cu systems. The prediction results show that reducing the synthesis size (the original size of W and Cu) to less than 10 nm can obtain alloyed W–Cu BNPs. Moreover, we prepared alloyed W50Cu50 BNPs with a face-centered-cubic (FCC) crystalline structure via the nano in situ composite method. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) coupled with scan transmission electron microscopy (STEM) confirmed that W and Cu are well mixed in a single-phase particle, instead of a phase segregation into a core-shell or other heterostructures. The present results suggest that the nanoscale size effect can overcome the immiscibility in immiscible binary systems. In the meantime, this work provided a high-yield and universal method for preparing alloyed BNPs between immiscible elements.

A universal method for the synthesis of refractory metal diborides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Yue-Dong Wu ◽  
Ben Peng ◽  
Ke-Han Wu ◽  
Guo-Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Refractory Metal ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Metal Diborides

A rapid and universal method for isolating starch granules in plant tissues

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 3355-3371
Author(s):  
Liangjie Niu ◽  
Huiying Ding ◽  
Ruiqi Hao ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Xiaolin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Starch Granules

Electrochemical Characteristics of Aptasensor Based on MEMS Thin-Film Gold Electrode

2013 ◽  
Vol 562-565 ◽  
pp. 441-445
Author(s):  
Yan Xia Yan ◽  
Li Ying Jiang ◽  
Fen Fen Wang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Jie Hu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Gold Electrode ◽  
Ac Impedance ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Universal Method

A new fabrication methods of thin-film gold electrode is reported. Electrochemical characteristics of self-assembly aptasensor based on MEMS thin-film gold electrode has been studied by lots of experiments, characteristics include immobilizing time, AC impedance, CV curves. Experiments indicate immobilizing time of DNA-SH on gold electrode is more than 15 hours. CV curves and AC impedance of MEMS thin-film gold electrode show the same conclusion that 20μm/L DNA is optimum concentration when DNA is immobilized on gold electrode. Those results present a potential universal method for other aptasensors.

A Simple and Universal Method to Increase Light Absorption in Ternary Blend Polymer Solar Cells Based on Ladder-Type Polymers

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Yao ◽  
Yun-Xiang Xu ◽  
Fan Li ◽  
Xiaofeng Wang ◽  
Lang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Polymer Solar Cells ◽  
Ternary Blend ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Blend Polymer
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