The Official Development Aids to Developing Countries with Reference to the Arab Countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Alotaibi Mohamed Meteb. M ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Arab Countries

Cooperation Among Oil Exporting Countries with Special Reference to Arab Countries: a Political Economy Analysis

1974 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuhayr Mikdashi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Intergovernmental Cooperation ◽  
Inelastic Demand ◽  
Oil Export ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Political Economy Analysis

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) will probably be remembered in history as an outstanding example of relatively successful intergovernmental cooperation among developing countries. OPEC's achievements in raising the oil export income of members appear remarkable in view of the deep sociopolitical divisions among them—occasionally verging on armed conflicts. Nevertheless, OPEC countries have managed not to let these conflicts wreck their common interest in obtaining substantially better terms from the international companies and from consumer countries. That OPEC countries could obtain better terms is not only the result of member solidarity but also of the relatively inelastic demand for petroleum. Another crucial factor favoring OPEC is that major consumer countries have been moderate in their drive to collectively countervail OPEC, except indirectly by allowing their international oil companies to join forces ostensibly in defense of consumers' interests. Major consumer countries have also declined so far to split forcefully the OPEC coalition. The continued existence of OPEC largely depends on (1) members' perception of gain outweighing sacrifices or frustrations of working together, and (2) the tolerance of major industrial importing countries.

Do public governance and patriotism matter? Sales tax compliance among small and medium enterprises in developing countries: Jordanian evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Farhan Alshira'h ◽  
Hasan Mahmoud Al-Shatnawi ◽  
Manaf Al-Okaily ◽  
Abdalwali Lutfi ◽  
Malek Hamed Alshirah
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Sales Tax ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Medium Enterprises

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to better understand the issues on tax compliance. This study aims to examine the influence of patriotism and public governance on the sales tax compliance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and to examine the interaction between patriotism and public governance on sales tax compliance.Design/methodology/approachThis study was carried out by soliciting the opinions of owner-managers of SMEs in Jordan through a survey that was distributed by self-administered. This paper uses partial least squares structural equation modelling to investigate the influence of patriotism, public governance and the interaction of these two mechanisms on sales tax compliance for a sample of 385 SMEs.FindingsThis paper finds that patriotism and the public governance increase and improve the level of sales tax compliance. The findings also supported the interaction effect of patriotism on the relationship between public governance with sales tax compliance. Thus, all the hypothesised relationships were supported.Practical implicationsTax authorities and policymakers in developing majority societies in developing countries and in other Arab countries, especially in Jordan, may use the results to focus their interest on the formulation of policies founded on the outcomes of the study to strengthen the compliance of eligible SMEs to further boost their sales collections.Originality/valueVery few studies have examined the determinants of sales tax compliance, and there has been an absence of work that examines the influence of the patriotism and public governance on sales tax compliance. This paper, therefore, fills a gap in the literature by providing the first empirical evidence about the influence of patriotism and public governance on sales tax compliance of SMEs in developing countries. This study is the initial paper to examine the interaction between patriotism and public governance on sales tax compliance among SMEs in developing countries

scholarly journals الأزمة المالية العالمية , اسبابها وأثارها في اقتصاديات الدول النامية

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
هند الطائي
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
International Monetary System ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Political Freedom ◽  
The World ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

The issue of the global financial crisis that hit the world economy since August 2007 was one of the worst economic crises after the Great Depression of 1929. This crisis was not the result of the moment, but the most important of which is the negative impact of the Asian financial crisis in 1997 and the crisis of the information technology sector in 2000, This crisis has caused the rest of the world due to interdependence. The recurrence of financial crises in developing countries is a worrying phenomenon that has threatened the economic and political stability of the countries concerned. The global economy is currently facing a real financial crisis that has hit the economies of developed and developing countries alike, starting in 2008 and emerging in 2008. The American financial crisis reflected on most of the economies of the world so that it became implicated in the global financial crisis. As the Arab countries are part of the global economic system, they will be negatively affected by this crisis. It is certain that the degree of their influencevaries among the Arab countries according to their degree of integration and integration into the global economy. Therefore, stepping out of them requires the intensification of the international efforts to review the international monetary system, giving all countries the full economic and political freedom to choose to link their currencies to an internationally agreed basket of currencies . The researcher tried here to explain how the global financial crisis has an impact on the economies of developing countries. The research section is divided into three sections. The first topic dealt with the global financial crisis in terms of concept, definition, characteristics and what types. The second topic dealt with the causes of the financial crisis and what are the positive and negative effects And the third topic dealt with the effects of the global financial crisis in the economies of developing countries, and concluded the research with a set of conclusions and recommendations

Basic agricultural indicators in Arab countries

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-604
Author(s):  
Gabi El-Khoury
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Food Shortage ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Difference

Soaring of food prices in recent years have seriously affected developing countries in the Arab region and worldwide, especially low-income and food-importing countries, which have stressed the need to achieve ‘food security’ to eradicate poverty and hunger as one of the basic Millennium Development Goals (MDG). This statistical file focuses on data that might help explore the situation of food security in Arab countries, recognizing that – except for fish and vegetables – Arab countries suffer from a shortage of all types of farm products, and the farm gap – the difference between imports and exports of food products – peaked at about US$23 billion in 2008 to bring the cumulative Arab food shortage to US$155.5 billion during 2000–2008 (Kawach 2010).

scholarly journals Auditing profession regulation: Lesson learned from code and common law countries regulatory approaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Eltweri ◽  
Mohammad Altarawnah ◽  
Krayyem Al-Hajaya ◽  
Wa’el Al-Karaki
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
The Common ◽  
Statutory Regulation

This paper aims to explore the common regulatory approaches for audit and accounting profession and identify the suitable approach to the Libyan audit profession. Mixed methods both quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed, in which a questionnaire was completed by 196 respondents. Statistical analysis, via the SPSS, was performed on the data. The outcomes are believed to be generalized given the size of the sample. In addition to 9 semi-structured interviews were conducted, representing five stakeholder groups in the Libyan auditing arena. This study has found that the majority of respondents are clearly in favour of the appointment of an independent regulator, believing this to be the most beneficial option of the list available for the Libyan audit profession, while statutory regulation (government intervention) is considered the next beneficial choice. Likewise, the findings from the interviewee exercise show a preference for an independent regulator. Due to the lack of research on governance and regulations among developing countries, this study contributes to the body of literature in respect of the Libyan accounting and auditing environment by specifically exploring the perception of stakeholders towards the existing regulatory approaches implemented in both developed and developing countries. By implication, it makes a contribution to the wider body of knowledge about auditing in the Arab countries, where similar cultural conventions and attitudes exist.

The Impact Of Senior Management In The Application Of Quality Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Khaled Abdullah Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Senior Management ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Industrial Technology ◽  
Management Service ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Price

Since the emergence of the world in the era of the first industrial revolution, and since the human relations took the nature of dealing between companies of different nationality from the countries of the world, and with the intensity of dealing with various facilities and technologies, and the resulting enormity of the quality and quality of different products, and with the intensification of competition between companies and countries, And the growing desire to dominate the local and global markets, which increased its motto, the world witnessed the economic crises and the repercussions of some advanced industrial countries, and the emergence of new centers of gravity of the industrial technology countries were Japan, Korea and Southeast Asian countries and other countries that have added an element For innovation in industrial technology to the global competition circuit. Hence, the factors and conditions of quality were reviewed and accelerated in accordance with the tastes of customers and the economic price, which imposed its importance based on many data. And the emergence of the comprehensive quality control system or the so-called international standards ISO 9000, all aimed at the liberalization of trade and the development of specific standards for trade, service and commodity. Taking into consideration all of the above, as well as the growing interest in industry in developing countries, including the Arab countries, and their attempts to innovate in industrial catching up, the international standards have become very important in all developing countries. Therefore, quality management in educational institutions has been addressed in some of its systems in order to shed light on this issue and to link it with the role of senior management. The concept of TQM has become an effective administrative approach adopted by most organizations. Since TQM in its essence and philosophy, Of its main and important tools and because it is the cornerstone in the management of the quality of the educational service, in which the service was received and developed following scientific methods based on the objective basis for both continuous improvement and quality management service.

User trends of electronic payment systems adoption in developing countries: an empirical analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohmed Y. Mohmed Al-Sabaawi ◽  
Ali Abdulfattah Alshaher ◽  
M.A. Alsalem
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Payment System ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Electronic Payment ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proposed Model

Purpose Electronic payment (e-payment) systems literature analysis reveals that they are growing in developing countries; however, they are limited in the Arab countries and, more importantly, scarce in Iraq in particular. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the factors influencing the intention of users to use e-payment systems in Iraq. Additionally, this study proposes an e-payment adoption model based on technology usage models to identify user trends toward e-payment systems. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative approach is adopted to test the proposed model. The proposed model is based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Usage of Technology theory. The proposed model is validated using survey data from 339 e-payment system users. Using Amos software, this study used structural equation modeling (SEM), a statistical technique for analyzing factor relationships. Findings The findings of the study indicate that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions and price saving orientation influence Intention to accept the e-payment system. Similarly, habit, technology security, trust, innovation resistance, psychological empowerment also affect intention to accept an e-payment system. However, hedonic motivation and perceived risk do not affect e-payment system adoption. Originality/value The identified factors play a major role in user intentions toward the adoption of e-payment systems for financial transactions and addressing these factors will make e-payment acceptable in the future. The results of this study contribute to assisting governments or e-payment firms and decision-makers in building strategic decisions or policies that will increase the adoption of e-payment by individuals.

scholarly journals Women and Education in Some Arab Countries

1970 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Adele Khudr
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Female Education ◽  
East Region ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Women And Education ◽  
Middle East Region ◽  
Shed Light

Education of females is still a topic of interest in many countries, for despite the decrease in illiteracy rates and the rise in education levels in developing countries, there is still much to hope for. I will attempt, in this article, to shed light on female education in three countries of the Middle East region, notably Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Iran.

scholarly journals Building Capacity For Digital Development In The Arab World: The Role Of Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5C) ◽  
pp. 1530-1537 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Building Capacity

The digital economy is identified with the 4th industrial revolution reflecting the importance of the digital technologies for development. In particular, the 4th industrial revolution holds prospect for developing countries to benefit from new opportunities brought by the new digital technologies spurring knowledge creation, innovation, skill intensification of the work-force and productivity enhancement. Economic development is a process of structural transformation that requires knowledge creation, knowledge sharing and knowledge acquisition. Digital technologies facilitate access to global markets allowing developing countries taking advantage of the information age to strengthen knowledge creation, innovation diffusion and information dissemination. Education plays critical role in building capacity for development in the digital economy. Participation in the digital economy requires new managerial and technical skills to stimulate technological learning and facilitate cooperation and collaboration. Education increases the country stock of capital essential for building capacity for innovation and supporting sustainable development. In other words, education drives knowledge creation, technological breakthrough and new product development. This paper focuses on the role that education plays in strengthening the fundamentals for digital economy. In most Arab countries, development is factor-driven -- dependent largely on natural resources and labor. This paper examines the contribution of education to development in the era of the 4th industrial revolution.

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