scholarly journals Effects of ZnCl2 on the distribution of aldehydes and ketones in bio-oils from catalytic pyrolysis of different biomass

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 5666-5678
Author(s):  
Bo-Zheng Li ◽  
Dong-Mei Bi ◽  
Qing Dong ◽  
Yong-Jun Li ◽  
Ya-Ya Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Rape Straw ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Chestnut Shell ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones ◽  
Fuel Source

Bio-oil can serve as an alternative fuel source or resource to extract high value-added chemicals. This paper focuses on the effect of six types of biomass (rape straw, corn straw, walnut shell, chestnut shell, camphor wood, and pine wood) and ZnCl2 catalyst on the bio-oil yield and chemicals in the bio-oil, including aldehydes, ketones, and four high-value chemicals (1-hydroxy-2-butanone, propionaldehyde, 5-HMF, 2(5H)-furanon). The results showed that the yields of bio-oil decreased when the ZnCl2 was the catalyst. The ZnCl2 promoted the production of aldehydes and ketones. The higher contents of aldehydes and ketones were obtained from camphor and pine wood, at 58.9 wt% and 42.0 wt%, respectively. The ZnCl2 catalyst exhibited an active influence on the production of 1-hydroxy-2-butanone, propionaldehyde, 5-HMF, and 2(5H)-furanon. Compared with the non-catalytic pyrolysis, the content of 1-hydroxy-2-butanone and 2(5H)-furanone in bio-oil increased by 936% and 612%, respectively. The contents of propionaldehyde and 5-HMF in catalytic bio-oil were the highest from rape straw and increased by 193% and 86%, respectively.

scholarly journals Catalytic pyrolysis of pine wood over char-supported Fe: Bio-oil upgrading and catalyst regeneration by CO2/H2O

Fuel ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 307 ◽  
pp. 121778
Author(s):  
Shasha Liu ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Syed Shatir A. Syed-Hassan ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Xun Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Catalyst Regeneration ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Bio Oil

scholarly journals The Influence of Process Conditions on the Chemical Composition of Pine Wood Catalytic Pyrolysis Oils

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pereira ◽  
F. A. Agblevor ◽  
S. H. Beis
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones ◽  
Pyrolysis Oils ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Treatment

Pine wood samples were used as model feedstock to study the properties of catalytic fast pyrolysis oils. The influence of two commercial zeolite catalysts (BASF and SudChem) and pretreatment of the pine wood with sodium hydroxide on pyrolysis products were investigated. The pyrolysis oils were first fractionated using column chromatography and characterized using GC-MS. Long chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, levoglucosan, aldehydes and ketones, guaiacols/syringols, and benzenediols were the major compounds identified in the pyrolysis oils. The catalytic pyrolysis increased the polycyclic hydrocarbons fraction. Significant decreases in phthalate derivatives using SudChem and long chain aliphatics using BASF catalyst were observed. Significant amounts of aromatic heterocyclic hydrocarbons and benzene derivatives were formed, respectively, using BASF and SudChem catalysts. Guaiacyl/syringyl and benzenediols derivatives were partly suppressed by the zeolite catalysts, while the sodium hydroxide treatment enriched phenolic derivatives. Zeolite catalyst and sodium hydroxide were employed together; they showed different results for each catalyst.

scholarly journals Influence of Chemical Surface Characteristics of Ammonium-Modified Chilean Zeolite on Oak Catalytic Pyrolysis

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Serguei Alejandro-Martín ◽  
Adán Montecinos Acaricia ◽  
Cristian Cerda-Barrera ◽  
Hatier Díaz Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Bronsted Acid ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chemical Surface ◽  
Brönsted Acid ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Modified Zeolites

The influence of chemical surface characteristics of Chilean natural and modified zeolites on Chilean Oak catalytic pyrolysis was investigated in this study. Chilean zeolite samples were characterised by nitrogen absorption at 77 K, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The nature and strength of zeolite acid sites were studied by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT), using pyridine as a probe molecule. Experimental pyrolysis was conducted in a quartz cylindrical reactor and bio-oils were obtained by condensation of vapours in a closed container. Chemical species in bio-oil samples were identified by a gas chromatography/mass spectrophotometry (GC/MS) analytical procedure. Results indicate that after the ionic exchange treatment, an increase of the Brønsted acid site density and strength was observed in ammonium-modified zeolites. Brønsted acids sites were associated with an increment of the composition of ketones, aldehydes, and hydrocarbons and to a decrease in the composition of the following families (esters; ethers; and acids) in obtained bio-oil samples. The Brønsted acid sites on ammonium-modified zeolite samples are responsible for the upgraded bio-oil and value-added chemicals, obtained in this research. Bio-oil chemical composition was modified when the pyrolysis-derived compounds were upgraded over a 2NHZ zeolite sample, leading to a lower quantity of oxygenated compounds and a higher composition of value-added chemicals.

Production of Value-Added Aromatics from Wasted COVID-19 Mask via Catalytic Pyrolysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 117060
Author(s):  
Seul Bee Lee ◽  
Jechan Lee ◽  
Yiu Fai Tsang ◽  
Young-Min Kim ◽  
Jungho Jae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Value Added

scholarly journals Ideal pH for the adsorption of metal ions Cr6+, Ni2+, Pb2+ in aqueous solution with different adsorbent materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Luísa P. Cruz-Lopes ◽  
Morgana Macena ◽  
Bruno Esteves ◽  
Raquel P. F. Guiné
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Lead Adsorption ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Chestnut Shell ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Irreversible Effects ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Ph Range

Abstract Industrialization increases the number of heavy metals released into the environment. Lead (Pb2+), nickel (Ni2+) and chromium (Cr6+) are among these toxic metals and cause irreversible effects on ecosystems and human health due to their bio-accumulative potential. The decontamination through adsorption processes using lignocellulosic wastes from agricultural and/or forestry processes is a viable solution. Hence, this work aimed at studying the effect of pH on the biosorption of the metal ions using four different by-product materials: walnut shell, chestnut shell, pinewood and burnt pinewood. These experiments were conducted with solutions of the three heavy metals in which the adsorbents were immersed to measure the rate of adsorption. A range of pH values from 3.0 to 7.5 was used in the experiments, and the concentrations were determined by atomic absorption. The results showed different behaviour of the biosorbent materials when applied to the different metals. The lead adsorption had an ideal pH in the range of 5.5–7.5 when the walnut shell was used as an adsorbent, corresponding to values of adsorption greater than 90%, but for the other materials, maximum adsorption occurred for a pH of 7.5. For the adsorption of chromium, the pH was very heterogeneous with all adsorbents, with optimal values of pH varying from 3.0 (for chestnut shell) to 6.5 (for walnut shell and wood). For nickel, the best pH range was around pH 5, with different values according to the lignocellulosic material used. These results indicate that the tested biosorbents have the potential to decontaminate wastewater in variable extensions and that by controlling the pH of the solution; a more efficient removal of the heavy metals can be achieved.

scholarly journals Effect of Ni(NO3)2 Pretreatment on the Pyrolysis of Organsolv Lignin Derived from Corncob Residue

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Wenli Wang ◽  
Yichen Liu ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Longfei Liu ◽  
Changwei Hu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals ◽  
Gas Products ◽  
Work Samples ◽  
Nickel Species ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selective Formation

The thermal degradation of lignin for value-added fuels and chemicals is important for environment improvement and sustainable development. The impact of pretreatment and catalysis of Ni(NO3)2 on the pyrolysis behavior of organsolv lignin were studied in the present work. Samples were pyrolyzed at 500 ∘C with an upward fixed bed, and the characteristics of bio-oil were determined. After pretreatment by Ni(NO3)2, the yield of monophenols increased from 23.3 wt.% to 30.2 wt.% in “Ni-washed” and decreased slightly from 23.3 wt.% to 20.3 wt.% in “Ni-unwashed”. Meanwhile, the selective formation of vinyl-monophenols was promoted in “Ni-unwashed”, which indicated that the existence of nickel species promoted the dehydration of C-OH and breakage of C-C in pyrolysis. In comparison with “Water”, HHV of bio-oil derived from “Ni-unwashed” slightly increased from 27.94 mJ/kg to 28.46 mJ/kg, suggesting that the lowering of oxygen content in bio-oil is associated with improved quality. Furthermore, the content of H2 in gas products dramatically increased from 2.0% to 7.6% and 17.1%, respectively.

Products characterization for fast in-situ catalytic pyrolysis of bio-oil over Ni/Al2O3

2021 ◽  
Vol 657 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
Zengtong Deng ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Song Hu ◽  
Sheng Su ◽  
Long Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Bio Oil
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