scholarly journals Effects of coating Populus nigra wood with nanoclay

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 8026-8038
Author(s):  
Mostafa Emampour ◽  
Habibollah Khademieslam ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Faezipour ◽  
Mohammad Talaeipour
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Populus Nigra ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Flexural Resistance

This study evaluated the effects of coating Populus nigra wood with nanoclay by dip-coating and spin-coating. The samples were coated with nanoclay in concentrations of 3, 5, and 7%, and the products were compared with Abies alba wood as standard control for the morphological and moisture properties. Zycosil was also added into nanoclay as an adaptive material. The crystalline and morphological structures were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Performance parameters including water absorption, contact angle, density, and flexural resistance were investigated. Water absorption was decreased, but the density, flexural resistance, and contact angle were increased in nanoclay treatments compared with the P. nigra control group (P<0.05). The best performance properties were observed at a concentration of 7%. In sum, the concentration of 7% nanoclay in dip-coating decreased water absorption by 250% and increased water angle by 150%, density by 113%, and flexural resistance by 145% compared to P. nigra control group.

New Method of Preparation and Property Study of the Montmorillonite Modified with CTAB

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 377-381
Author(s):  
Ji Chu Zhang ◽  
Ze Peng Zhang ◽  
Bo Hu ◽  
Gang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrophobic Property ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure And Property ◽  
Organic Components ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Better Than

In this paper, Ca2+-montmorillonite (Ca2+-Mt) was modified with cationic surfactant hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium Bromide (CTAB) directly, without changing Ca2+-Mt into Na+-montmorillonite (Na+-Mt). X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), contact angle tests and rotary viscosity tests were used to characterize the structure and property of the organo-montmorillonite. The results of XRD show that interlayer space (d001) of the product is 4.05nm. The results of TGA indicate the ratio of weight loss of the organic components in the product is 37.7%. The results of FT-IR indicate there are organic components and hardly any water molecules in the product. All these findings indicate that the CTAB has intercalated into the galleries of Ca2+-Mt. Contact angle tests shows the product is well hydrophobic and the hydrophobic property is as good as that of organo-montmorillonite modified from Na+-Mt. Rotary viscosity tests show that the viscosity of the product at the rotational speed of 6R/min is 1226mPa·s, much better than that of the organo- montmorillonite modified from Na+-Mt which is 1070 mPa·s. The thixotropy index of the product is 9.22, much better than that of the organo-montmorillonite modified from Na+-Mt which is 5.88. It can be concluded that organo-montmorillonite with perfect interlayer expansion and thixotropic property was prepared by modifying Ca2+-Mt with CTAB directly.

scholarly journals Effect of the suspension of Ag-incorporated TiO2 nanoparticles (Ag-TiO2 NPs) on certain growth, physiology and phytotoxicity parameters in spinach seedlings

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0244511
Author(s):  
Fernando Gordillo-Delgado ◽  
Jakeline Zuluaga-Acosta ◽  
Gonzalo Restrepo-Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Powder Samples

In this work, the effect of the inoculation of silver-incorporated titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Ag-TiO2 NPs) in spinach seeds was evaluated on certain growth, physiology and phytotoxicity parameters of the plants. This is an important crop for human consumption with high nutritional value due to their low calorie and fat content, providing various vitamins and minerals, especially iron. These NPs were obtained by means of the sol-gel method and heat treatment; the resulting powder material was characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy and the influence of these NPs on plants was measured by estimating the germination rate, monitoring morphological parameters and evaluating phytotoxicity. The photosynthetic activity of the spinach plants was estimated through the quantification of the Ratio of Oxygen Evolution (ROE) by the photoacoustic technique. Samples of TiO2 powder with particle size between 9 and 43 nm were used to quantify the germination rate, which served to determine a narrower size range between 7 and 26 nm in the experiments with Ag-TiO2 NPs; the presence of Ag in TiO2 powder samples was confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The analysis of variance showed that the dependent variable (plant growth) could be affected by the evaluated factors (concentration and size) with significant differences. The statistical trend indicated that the application of the Ag-TiO2 NPs suspension of lowest concentration and smallest particle size could be a promoting agent of the growth and development of these plants. The inoculation with NPs of 8.3 nm size and lowest concentration was related to the highest average ROE value, 24.6 ± 0.2%, while the control group was 20.2 ± 0.2%. The positive effect of the Ag-TiO2 NPs treatment could be associated to the generation of reactive oxygen species, antimicrobial activity, increased biochemical attributes, enzymatic activity or improvements in water absorption.

scholarly journals Study on High Energy Propellant Waste in the Processing of Fired Clay Bricks

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 596-602
Author(s):  
P.K. Mehta ◽  
A. Kumaraswamy ◽  
V. K. Saraswat ◽  
Praveen Kumar B.
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Pore Formation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Baking Process ◽  
Fired Bricks ◽  
Xrd Studies

Utilisation of propellant waste in fabrication of bricks is not only used as efficient waste disposal method but also to get better functional properties. In the present study, high energy propellant (HEP) waste additive mixed with soil and fly ash in different proportions during manufacturing of bricks has been investigated experimentally. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies were carried out to confirm the brick formation and the effect of HEP waste. Ceramic bricks were fabricated with HEP waste additive in proper proportions i.e. 0.5 wt %, 1.0 wt %, 1.5 wt %, 2.0 wt %, 2.5 wt %, 3 wt %, 3.5 wt %, and 4 wt % and then evaluated for water absorption capability and compressive strength. Compressive strength of 6.7 N/mm2, and Water absorption of 22 % have been observed from modified fired bricks impregnated with HEM waste additive. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies were carried out to analyze the effect of HEP waste additive on pore formation and distribution in the bricks. Further, the heat resulting from decomposition of propellants can cause a decrease in the energy required of baking process. The process of manufacturing of bricks with HEP waste additive is first of its kind till date.

Effect of Firing Temperature on Mechanical and Physical Properties of Porcelain Balls as Grinding Media

2017 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Hasrul Yahya ◽  
Mohd Roslee Othman ◽  
Zainal Arifin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Firing Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Grinding Media ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties

Porcelain balls as grinding media are produced by firing process of clay, quartz and feldspar mixtures. This application need high technological properties such as high compressive strength and hardness, wear resistance, low water absorption and excellent chemical resistance. These properties are associated with higher firing temperatures. The porcelain balls were prepared by mixing 30 wt.% clay, 40 wt.% feldspar and 30 wt.% quartz. The samples were sintered at 1200°C, 1230°C, 1250°C, 1270°C and 1300°C for 2 hours with heating rate of 3°C/min. Both green powder and fired samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The properties of the fired samples were evaluated by compressive strength, hardness, shrinkage, water absorption, bulk density, and porosity measurement. Increasing of compressive strength, hardness and density are associated with increasing of firing temperatures. Porcelain balls PB1 and PB2 can be produced as grinding media with optimum mechanical and physical properties at firing temperature 1270°C and 1250°C, respectively.

Effect of DC Power on Structural and Hydrophilic Activity of TiO2 Films

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 925-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Salawan ◽  
A. Muakngam ◽  
B. Sukbot ◽  
K. Aiempanakit ◽  
Supattanapong Dumrongrattana
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Tio2 Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Dc Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Xrd Patterns

In this work, we present the effect of DC power from 100 W to 500 W on the structural and hydrophilic activity of TiO2 films. The TiO2 films were prepared by DC magnetron sputtering on the glass substrate without any external heating. The structure of TiO2 films were analyzed by atomic force microscope and X-ray diffraction. XRD patterns indicated the films were amorphous. The surface roughness and grain size were enlarged by the increasing of the DC power while the substrate temperature was climbed up with the increasing of the DC power. From the point of energetic ion bombardment, it was related with DC power between sputtering processes. The hydrophilic activity of TiO2 films were analyzed by the contact angle meter. The water contact angle decrease with increasing of the DC power.

Synthesis of Chlorophyll Thin Film from Noni Leaves via Dip Coating Process

2016 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 142-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Suriyani Che Halin ◽  
Ayu Wazira Azhari
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Glass Slide ◽  
Green Leaf ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Green Pigment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigment ◽  
Absorbance Spectra

Chlorophyll is a green pigment responsible for the photosynthesis processes that occur in the green leaf. The chlorophyll pigment can be extracted from green leaf using simple solvent solution as a function of solar energy conversion. Dip coating onto glass slide was applied to produce a thin film of Noni leaves chlorophyll. The Noni leaves chlorophyll thin films were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultra violet visible (UV-Vis). The micrograph of SEM shows that the shapes were found in various shapes. The UV-Vis analysis revealed that the extracted chlorophyll had three absorbance spectra at 433 nm, 464 nm and 664 nm. These show that the extracted chlorophyll contains both chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b in the mixture.

X-ray diffraction analysis for thin films of PbTiO3-La2/3TiO3 prepared by the sol-gel method

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2133-2137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Yoshioka
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Perovskite Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coating Methods ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
System 1

Thin films in the system (1 - x) PbTiO3−xLa2/3TiO3 were prepared by the sol-gel and dip-coating methods. Phases deposited in the films and the lattice parameters as a function of the composition were investigated by the x-ray diffraction method. The solid solutions with a perovskite structure were formed as a single phase with x up to 0.9. For the composition of x = 1.0, metastable La-Ti-O perovskite phase with a small amount of the impurity phase, La2Ti2O7, was obtained. Simulation of x-ray diffraction patterns based on the defect structure model shows that the structure of the La-Ti-O perovskite phase includes randomly distributed cation vacancies at the A-site, namely (La2/3□1/3)TiO3.

Effect of electron irradiation on the Crystallite size, Grain size and Contact angle of electrodeposited Cadmium Telluride thin films

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Gangawane ◽  
V. P. Malekar ◽  
V. J. Fulari
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Cdte Thin Films

In this paper, the effects of electron beam irradiation on the CdTe thin films are studied. The CdTe thin films are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and contact angle measurements for different bath concentration. The thin film layers are subjected to irradiation of 6 MeV electrons. Finally the effect of irradiation is correlated to crystal size, grain size and contact angle measurements of the CdTe thin films

Research on Inhibition Marine Microbial Adherence of a Novel Nano-TiO2 Coating on Aluminum

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 1687-1690
Author(s):  
Tong Liu ◽  
Qiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Gene Segment ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Aluminum Surface ◽  
Reflection Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Anodized Aluminum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uv Reflection ◽  
Microbial Adherence

A novel nano-TiO2 coating is prepared by vacuum dip-coating TiO2 sol–gel onto the anodized aluminum surface. The particles of TiO2 anatase is filled into the Al2O3 nano-pores formed by anodization. The structure and composition of the coatings are characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The preponderant bacterium is identified as Pseudomonas lindanilytica strain IPL-1 through analysis of the sequences of S16 nRNA gene segment. In addition, the electrochemical results show that the TiO2 coatings significantly reduce the corrosion rate of Al substrates. The UV reflection spectroscopy is used to determine and analyze that the nano-TiO2 coatings could improve the light photo catalytic activity which decreases microbial influencing corrosion acceleration inhibition (MICI).

scholarly journals Bulky Macroporous TiO2Photocatalyst with Cellular Structure via Facile Wood-Template Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfeng Sun ◽  
Yun Lu ◽  
Jinchun Tu ◽  
Dongjiang Yang ◽  
Jun Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Structure ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Photocatalytic Ability ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wood Template

We report a bulky macroporous TiO2particles with cellular structure prepared in the presence of wood slices as template. Firstly, TiO2sol was coated onto the wood slices by repeated dip-coating process. Then, after calcinations at 550°C, the wood template could be removed, and the bulky TiO2structure was obtained. The prepared samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques. XRD pattern confirmed the crystalline phase of the wood-templated TiO2is anatase phase. And interestingly, from the observation of SEM image, the wood-templated TiO2inherited the initial cellular structures of birch lumber (B. albosinensis Burk), and numerous macropores were observed in the sample. Meanwhile, the wood-templated TiO2presented a superior photocatalytic ability to decompose Rhodamine B (RhB) under ultraviolet irradiation.

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