scholarly journals Wood fiber-reinforced polylactic acid sheets enabled by papermaking

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 8258-8272
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Qinpeng Shen ◽  
Yuanxin Duan ◽  
Shuyin Wu ◽  
Ping Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Paper Sheet ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
The Impact

Polylactic acid is a biodegradable thermoplastic polyester derived from renewable polysaccharides. In this work, softwood fibers were used to reinforce the paper sheet made from polylactic acid fibers, thus addressing the challenges regarding low density, rough surface, and weak strength. The impact of wood fibers and calendering on the physical properties (density, roughness, tensile strength, and folding endurance) of the composite paper were identified. Furthermore, the morphology of papers with different fiber contents and those that had been calendered was characterized with a scanning electron microscope. The use of wood fibers resulted in the improvement of the physical properties of the polylactic acid paper, and the enhanced refining of wood fibers had a favorable role in improving paper density, smoothness, and mechanical strength. The tensile index increased 37.9% when the beating degree of wood fibers increased from 25 to 60 °SR. After calendering, the density, smoothness, tensile strength, folding endurance, and air barrier property of the paper were improved 60.2%, 45.8%, 15.5%, 148.1%, and 79.4%, respectively. The calendering-based papermaking process involving the combined use of wood fibers and polylactic acid fibers would be a promising strategy for designing composite materials for tailorable end-uses.

scholarly journals Polylactic acid/kenaf cellulose biocomposite filaments for melt extrusion based-3D printing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanchom Aumnate ◽  
Niphaphun Soatthiyanon ◽  
Thidarat Makmoon ◽  
Pranut Potiyaraj
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Tetraethyl Orthosilicate ◽  
Melt Extrusion ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Locally Grown

Abstract This study fabricated polylactic acid (PLA)/kenaf cellulose fiber biocomposite filaments via melt-extrusion process. Kenaf cellulose fibers (KF) were chemically extracted from locally grown kenaf plants and used as reinforcement. Moreover, the KF was then treated with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), so-called KFs, to improve the compatibility between the fibers and PLA matrix. Also, the plasticizers (polyethylene glycol) were incorporated to enhance the flowability and processability of the biocomposites. The melt viscosities of the biocomposites increased as the solid KF and KFs were loaded. However, they were significantly decreased with the addition of plasticizers. The combined use of the plasticizers and TEOS treatment improved tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation of the biocomposites compared to the neat PLA. The obtained PLA/KFs biocomposite materials are proved to be a mechanical-improved material, which offers the opportunity for customized and rapid prototyping of biocomposite products.

scholarly journals Physical Properties of Biocontainers Used to Grow Long-term Greenhouse Crops in an Ebb-and-flood Irrigation System

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 732-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Beeks ◽  
Michael R. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Plastic Containers

The physical properties of new 15.2-cm plastic and comparably sized bioplastic, solid ricehull, slotted ricehull, paper, peat, dairy manure, wood fiber, rice straw, and coconut fiber containers were determined. Additionally, the physical properties of these containers were determined after being used to grow ‘Rainier Purple’ cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum L.) in ebb-and-flood benches for 15 weeks in a greenhouse environment. The punch strength of new coconut fiber containers was the highest of the containers. The used plastic containers had strengths of 228.0, 230.5, and 215.2 N for the bottom, middle, and top zones, respectively. The used peat, dairy manure, and wood fiber containers had strengths of less than 15 N for each zone. Tensile strength of all new containers was 10 kg. The plastic, bioplastic, solid ricehull, slotted ricehull, paper, and coconut fiber containers had used strengths that were similar to plastic containers. Total water used for wood fiber containers was higher than plastic containers. Irrigation intervals for plastic containers were similar to bioplastic, solid ricehull, slotted ricehull, paper, and coconut fiber containers. The irrigation interval for plastic containers was 1.32 days and the wood fiber container had the shortest irrigation interval at 0.61 day. Container absorption for coconut fiber containers was 255 mL and was higher than plastic containers. Wood fiber container absorption was 141 mL and lower than plastic containers. Plastic, bioplastic, solid ricehull, and slotted ricehull containers had no visible algal or fungal growth. The wood fiber containers had 79% of the container walls covered with algae or fungi and the bottom and middle zones had 100% algae or fungi coverage. The bottom zone of rice straw, dairy manure, and peat containers also had 100% algae or fungi coverage. The bioplastic, solid ricehull, and slotted ricehull containers in this study proved to be good substitutes for plastic containers. These containers retained high levels of punch and tensile strength, had no algal and fungal growth, and required a similar amount of solution as the plastic containers to grow a cyclamen crop. The peat, dairy manure, wood fiber, and rice straw containers proved not to be appropriate substitutes for plastic containers because of the low used strengths, high percentage of algal and fungal coverage, and shorter irrigation intervals as compared with plastic containers.

scholarly journals Can extended photoactivation time of resin-based fissure sealer materials improve ultimate tensile strength and decrease water sorption/solubility?

2012 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 402-407
Author(s):  
Boniek Castillo Dutra Borges ◽  
Eduardo José Souza-Júnior ◽  
Anderson Catelan ◽  
Luís Alexandre Maffei Sartini Paulillo ◽  
Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Constant Mass ◽  
Fissure Sealant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of extended photoactivation time on ultimate tensile strength (UTS), water sorption (WS) and solubility (WSB) of resin-based materials used as fissure-sealantsMethods: A fissure-sealant (Fluroshield) and a flowable composite (Permaflo) polymerized for 20 and 60 seconds were tested. For UTS, 20 hourglass shaped samples were prepared representing two materials and two photoactivation time (n=5). After 24-h dry-storage, samples were tested in tension using a universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min (UTS was calculated in MPa). For WS and WSB, 20 disks with 5 mm diameter and 1 mm height (n=5) were prepared and volumes were calculated (mm3). They were transferred to desiccators until a constant mass was obtained (m1) and were subsequently immersed in distilled water until no alteration in mass was detected (m2). Samples were reconditioned to constant mass in desiccators (m3). WS and WSB were determined using the equations m2-m3/V and m1-m3/V, respectively. Data were subjected to twoway ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test (P<.05).Results: There was no significant difference between materials or photoactivation times for the UTS and WS. Permaflo presented lower but negative WSB compared to Fluroshield.Conclusions: Extended photoactivation time did not improve the physical properties tested. Fluroshield presented physical properties that were similar to or better than Permaflo. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:402-407)

Manufacturing Technique and Property Evaluations of Tubular PLA/Spandex/Gelatin Composite Braids

2014 ◽  
Vol 910 ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
Ching Wen Lou ◽  
Po Ching Lu ◽  
Jin Jia Hu ◽  
Syue Wun Fu ◽  
Jia Horng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Gelatin Solution ◽  
Bursting Strength ◽  
Manufacturing Technique ◽  
Manufacturing Parameters

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a synthetic polymer that has biocompatibility and biodegradation. This study aims to examine the influence of manufacturing parameters on the physical properties of tubular PLA/Spandex/Gelatin composite braids. PLA fibers and spandex are combined, braided and then immersed in gelatin solution to form tubular PLA/Spandex/Gelatin composite braids. The tensile strength, bursting strength, and porosity of the resulting braids are tested, and the experiment results show that a greater twist per inch (T.P.I.) causes a higher tensile strength and bursting strength, but does not change the porosity distinctively.

scholarly journals Impact of PVC mixtures of the Electrical Conduit on the Physical Properties: تأثير خلطات البي في سي لصناعة القنوات الكهربائية على الخواص الفيزيائية

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
AbdelHamid M.S. Esmail
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Soft Point

The use of PVC mixtures in the manufacturing of electrical conduit has been employed for a long time along with other materials. In this study, the impact of changing the ratio of the components of the PVC mixtures on the physical properties of the electrical conduit was investigated. The emphasis was placed on three properties: Density, Tensile Strength and Soft Point. The application of the electrical conduit controls the types of materials and their percentages. Physical properties of the PVC products are the most important factors that help to choose compared with other materials. These properties change with the change of the chemical components of the PVC mixture. The study discussed how to enhance and improve these properties by controlling the proportions of some substances in the PVC mixtures. This article aims to demonstrate the strong relationship between PVC polymer, calcium and stabilizers and the physical properties of the electrical conduit. The focus concentrated on three components in the mixture and three physical properties. Random samples were taken to calculate the average percentages of the components in the mixtures. Various tools and several statistical methods were used such as correlation coefficients and scatter charts to prove the relationship between the ratios of the materials and the respective properties. The correlation coefficients between the PVC polymer, stabilizers, calcium, and the density, tensile strength, vicat soft points were (0.92, 0.83, 0.82) respectively. Decreasing the PVC polymer by (17.1%) has caused an increase in the density of the conduit by (2%). Finally, the physical properties of PVC mixtures could be improved by changing component ratios to reach the optimized mixture for the specific application, taking into account other competitive issues such as the final price of the product, environmental impact, and other issues.

Effects of Different Pretreatments of Wood Fiber on Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Composite

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 1438-1443
Author(s):  
Yi Qiang Wu ◽  
Zhi Yong Qin ◽  
Yan Qing ◽  
Xin Gong Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Composite System ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Biodegradable Composite ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Agent Treatment

Biodegradable composites of polylactic acid reinforced with wood fiber were fabricated by using twin screw extruder followed by the injection molding machine. The effects of different pretreatments of wood on mechanical properties of the biodegradable composite were discussed. The nature of composites were also examined through scanning electron microscope and Infrared Spectrum Analysis, the results reveal that both acid and stearic acid could be used as effective surface modifier for wood fiber/polylactic acid system, the composite system by adding Benzoic acid, the tensile strength has improved greatly, and about stearic acid composite system, the impact strength has improved significantly; After alkali treatment, coupling agent treatment and combination of alkali treatment and coupling agent treatment, and the use of alkali treatment and the coupling agent treatment is the best, follow by alkali treatment.

Application of Solubility Parameters to Lignocellulosic/Thermoplastic Composites

1992 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don H. White ◽  
S. C. Park
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Solubility Parameters ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Good Adhesion ◽  
Miscible Polymer Blends ◽  
Miscible Blends

AbstractThe usefulness of solubility parameters in identifying miscible polymer blends is reviewed. The use of wood fibers in mixtures of recycled thermoplastics is of current interest. These composites do not require miscible blends of polymers, but must exhibit compatibility in order to have good adhesion and physical properties. The use of solubility parameters to design improved composites is cited. This approach is then applied to wood fiber/polyolefin thermoplastic composites.

scholarly journals Thermo-Mechanical Properties of a Wood Fiber Insulation Board Using a Bio-Based Adhesive as a Binder

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Franz Segovia ◽  
Pierre Blanchet ◽  
Nicolas Auclair ◽  
Gatien Geraud Essoua Essoua
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Wood Fibers

The goal of the present study was to develop a low-density thermal insulation board using wood fibers and a bio-based adhesive as a binder, which was prepared from a crude glycerol and citric acid mixture. The physical and mechanical properties of insulation boards manufactured using two ratios of crude glycerol and citric acid (1:0.66 and 1:1 mol/mol) and two adhesive contents (14% and 20%) were evaluated. The results show that the insulation boards with a range of density between 332 to 338 kg m−3 present thermal conductivity values between 0.064 W/m-K and 0.066 W/m-K. The effect of adhesive content was very significant for certain mechanical properties (tensile strength perpendicular to surface and compressive strength). The tensile strength (internal bond) increased between 20% and 36% with the increased adhesive content. In contrast, the compressive strength decreased between 7% and 15%. The thermo-mechanical properties obtained of insulation boards such as thermal conductivity, traverse strength, tensile strength parallel and perpendicular to surface, and compressive strength are in accordance with the requirements of the American Society for Testing and Materials C208-12 standard for different uses. The results confirm the potential of crude glycerol and citric acid mixture to be used as an adhesive in the wood fiber insulation boards’ manufacturing for sustainability purposes.

scholarly journals The impact of wood fiber surface modification on physical properties of wood-polymer composites

Tehnika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-662
Author(s):  
Srdjan Perisic ◽  
Milos Petrovic ◽  
Andjelika Bjelajac ◽  
Aleksandar Marinkovic ◽  
Dusica Stojanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Wood Polymer ◽  
Wood Polymer Composites ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Impact of PVC mixtures of the Electrical Conduit on the Physical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Abdelhamid Esmail
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Soft Point

The use of PVC mixtures in the manufacturing of electrical conduit has been employed for a long time along with other materials. In this study, the impact of changing the ratio of the components of the PVC mixtures on the physical properties of the electrical conduit was investigated. The emphasis was placed on three properties: Density, Tensile Strength and Soft Point. The application of the electrical conduit controls the types of materials and their percentages. Physical properties of the PVC products are the most important factors that help to choose compared with other materials. These properties change with the change of the chemical components of the PVC mixture. The study discussed how to enhance and improve these properties by controlling the proportions of some substances in the PVC mixtures. This article aims to demonstrate the strong relationship between PVC polymer, calcium and stabilizers and the physical properties of the electrical conduit. The focus concentrated on three components in the mixture and three physical properties. Random samples were taken to calculate the average percentages of the components in the mixtures. Various tools and several statistical methods were used such as correlation coefficients and scatter charts to prove the relationship between the ratios of the materials and the respective properties. The correlation coefficients between the PVC polymer, stabilizers, calcium, and the density, tensile strength, vicat soft points were (0.92, 0.83, 0.82) respectively. Decreasing the PVC polymer by (17.1%) has caused an increase in the density of the conduit by (2%). Finally, the physical properties of PVC mixtures could be improved by changing component ratios to reach the optimized mixture for the specific application, taking into account other competitive issues such as the final price of the product, environmental impact, and other issues.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document