scholarly journals Sacred Water Pools of Hindu Sacredscapes in North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (44) ◽  
pp. 12-33
Author(s):  
Rana P.B. Singh ◽  
Pravin S. Rana ◽  
Sarvesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
North India ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Water Pool ◽  
Ancient India ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Ancient Texts

The basic metaphysical frame of life in ancient India, that of sacred water (paviṭra jala) and the notion that “Water itself is life” (jala hī jivan hai), can be illustrated with case studies of two cities. Settled continuously since 1000 BCE, the cities of Varanasi and Ayodhya have been eulogized as the salvific holy-heritage cities in India known for their ritualscapes associated with sacred waters and pools. According to the ancient treatises and tales, there were fifty-four sacred tanks (kunds) and wells (kūpas) in each of these cities, and they became important sites for purification rituals, pilgrimage, healing and festive celebration by devout Hindus. After providing descriptions of the sacred water pools, this essay in part explores traditions associated with a water-pool sacred to the Sun god in both the cities. More broadly, using ancient texts, present participatory surveys, and ethnological narration, the essay considers the long-lived sacrality of water pools in these holy cities and current development strategies involving them.

From Slave Cabins to the White House

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koritha Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Reading Practice ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Expressive Culture ◽  
White House ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Public Persona

This book argues for a new reading practice. Rather than approach art and literature from marginalized groups as examples of protest or as responses to “dominant” culture, it demonstrates the power of reading through the lens of achievement, using case studies from black expressive culture. Even while bombarded with racist and sexist violence, African Americans remain focused on defining, redefining, and pursuing success. By examining canonical examples of black women’s cultural production, this study reveals how African Americans keep each other oriented toward accomplishment through an ongoing, multivalent community conversation. Analyzing widely taught and discussed works from the 1860s to the present (via Michelle Obama’s public persona), the book traces “homemade citizenship”—the result of practices of making-oneself-at-home, practices of affirming oneself while knowing violence will answer one’s achievements and assertions of belonging. The texts examined include Harriet Jacobs’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (1861), Elizabeth Keckley’s Behind the Scenes; Or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Years in the White House (1868), Frances E. W. Harper’s Iola Leroy (1892), Pauline Hopkins’s Contending Forces (1900), Nella Larsen’s Quicksand (1928), Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937), Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun (1959), Alice Childress’s Wine in the Wilderness (1969), Octavia Butler’s Kindred (1979), Toni Morrison’s Beloved (1987), and Michelle Obama’s first lady persona. [220 of 225 words]

Lineages, Loudspeakers, and Labourers

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-148
Author(s):  
Ali Khan Mahmudabad
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
North India ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Student Relationships ◽  
Teacher Student Relationships ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Radio Broadcasting ◽  
The Impact

Chapter 3 will also use a set of mushā‘irahs held in small and large towns across north India in order to illustrate the continuing material, structural, and cultural changes. The impact of radio broadcasting, ease of travel, dispersed forms of patronage, changing relevance of ustād–shāgird (teacher–student) relationships, and response to changing political contexts will all form the basis of this chapter. It is structured as a series of case studies in order to present the nuanced and rich details of the mushā‘irah, particularly since there is no extant work in this field and this book hopes to provide a foundation on which scholars may build further.

Sustainable Urban Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Koorosh Gharehbaghi ◽  
Bambang Trigunarsyah ◽  
Addil Balli
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Cities

Due to Melbourne's ongoing growth, there is continuous pressure on its transportation infrastructure. Further, to maintain its position as one of the most livable cities in the world, Melbourne needs to always look at ways to optimize technology and lifestyle while being conscious of its effects on the environment in order to encourage a sustainable development agenda. Such a stance is part of Melbourne's future sustainable urban development strategy including ‘Melbourne 2017-2050.' As a part of such strategy, this article discusses the possibility of underground urban structures (UUS) to further alleviate Melbourne's continuous urban development problems. Four case studies, Lujiazui, Hongqiao, Montreal, and Helsinki, were studied. These four case studies have some comparability with Melbourne's CBD. Particularly, both Montreal and Helsinki have relevance to Melbourne which is appealing. Predominantly, these two cities' main objective of UUS matches that of Melbourne's long-term urban planning goals. Noticeably, improving the livability along with reducing building operational costs are central to Melbourne's 2017-2050 planning and beyond. According to Melbourne 2017-2050, as a sustainable urban development focus, the city's high livability needs to be maintained together with finding alternative ways to reducing building operational costs. This research would thus serve as a springboard to further investigate the UUS for Melbourne city.

Feminisation of Ascetic Celibacy in Haridwar

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 26S-41S
Author(s):  
Mariko Hamaya
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
North India ◽  
Sexual Abstinence

Case studies of male–female ascetic couples in Haridwar in North India complicate the widespread knowledge that male Hindu renouncers are supposed to observe celibacy. Based on extended ethnographic work, this article investigates specifically how female ascetics tackle the dominant androcentric discourses and practise celibacy from a female point of view, focussing on their practice of sevā or spiritual service. The article argues that while female ascetics do not object to the androcentric ideology of celibacy, they follow it only partly, switching their focus from sexual abstinence to devotional sevā. Doing this, female ascetics value controlling emotion more than controlling sexual desire. Through the practice of sevā, they aim for fostering an attitude of devotion as a feminised manifestation of their efforts towards reaching spiritual attainment.

scholarly journals A Study on the Sustainable Development of NPOs with Blockchain Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Jung Shin ◽  
Hyoung-Goo Kang ◽  
Kyounghun Bae
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Blockchain Technology

This study investigated the application of a blockchain for promoting the sustainable development of non-profit organizations (NPOs). Transparency and good governance are important for operating NPOs in addition to building trust with relevant stakeholders. NPOs consume a large amount of resources (including funds) to monitor their operations and present their transparency and soundness of governance to interested stakeholders. Blockchain technology can fulfill an NPO’s requirements at a lower cost and with a higher efficiency. We reviewed the existing research on NPO governance and blockchain applications. In addition, through case studies, we identified sustainable development strategies for NPOs involving blockchain technologies to increase donation, reduce cost, enhance transparency, and improve governance structure.

The Seavoyage Controversy and the Kayasthas of North India, 1901—1909

1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
Social Conflict ◽  
North India ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Law ◽  
Ancient Texts

Seavoyage was a social reform issue of some concern to the Hindus of Upper India in the latter part of the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. Clearly there were compelling incentives for seavoyage; equally clearly there was a convention which prohibited such travel in the belief that it contravened the law laid down in ancient texts. But social conflict is seldom as one-dimensional as these statements imply.

Sociocultural Change and Adolescents' Attitudes Toward Themselves and Others

1986 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirin Schludermann ◽  
Eduard Schludermann
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
North India ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
Sociocultural Change ◽  
Social Maturity ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Adolescent Attitudes ◽  
Culture Effects ◽  
Se Status

The study investigated the effects of sociocultural change on variables related to adolescents' self concepts (i.e., perceptions and expected reputations of adolescents and adults; real and ideal self; social maturity). Traditional and transitional adolescents (both sexes, 13-18 years) from two cities in North India (Ns = 632, 625) completed Indian adaptations of Hess and Goldblatts' Rating Scales, Worchel's Self Activity Inventory, the CPI So Scale and a Socioeconomic (SE) Scale. ANOVAs were used to test the effects of culture, sex, age and SE status on attitudes to adolescents and adults, real and ideal selves, and social maturity. Adolescents who viewed adults more favorably (transitionals and females in contrast to traditionals and males respectively) showed more favorable ideal selves and more social maturity. Control for SE level did not attenuate significant culture effects. The results suggest the powerful influence of macrostructural variables (like sociocultural change) on adolescent attitudes towards themselves and others.

scholarly journals Céli Dé—Ascetics or Mystics? Máelrúain of Tallaght and Óengus Céle Dé as Case Studies

Perichoresis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Rumsey
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Personal Effort ◽  
Devotional Practices ◽  
Medieval Mystics ◽  
God's Grace ◽  
Confession Of Sins

Abstract The Céli Dé monks as we see them in the texts associated with their monasteries had a reputation for extreme asceticism. Following their leader, MáelRúain, who had an especially stern reputation for rigorous observance, they believed heaven had to be earned by saying many prayers, by penitential practices and by intense personal effort and striving on the part of each individual monk. To this end, they engaged in such practices as rigorous fasting, long vigils, confession of sins, strict Sabbath observance and devotional practices involving many prayers. Their view of humanity and of creation generally was negative and they saw God as a stern judge. However, there was another aspect to Céli Dé monasticism which we see in the Félire Óengusso, the metrical martyrology compiled by Óengus the Culdee, a monk of Tallaght. We see from his Félire that he understood holiness as a gift of God’s grace, both for the saints in heaven, whom he describes as ‘radiant’ and ‘shining like the sun’, and for those still on earth, through the mercy and graciousness of God himself. His Félire was compiled as an act of devotion to Jesus and the saints, whom he addresses in terms of great warmth, tenderness and intimacy, in expressions which prefigure the language of the medieval mystics. So by studying the lives of these two monks, MáelRúain and Óengus, his protégée, as case studies, we can see that for the Céli Dé, holiness was less a matter of ‘either asceticism or mysticism’, but rather ‘both and’.

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