scholarly journals Financial efficiency estimation for a dental radiology laboratory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Marcu ◽  
Mihaela Carmen Hedesiu ◽  
Loredana Bogdan ◽  
Gabriel Armencea ◽  
Avram Manea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Risk ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Legal Person ◽  
Dental Radiology ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Financial Efficiency ◽  
Financial Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Efficiency Estimation ◽  
Equipment Acquisition

Background and aims. Considering nowadays trend among dentists to install a radiology laboratory beside their current practice, we proposed to investigate the aspect of financial efficiency related to such investment. Methods. We evaluate two existing options: simple investment, consisting of intra-oral equipment and accessories, or investment in a radiology center that includes panoramic and CBCT equipment. The initial investment includes equipment acquisition, fitting out of the location, radiology accreditation and other miscellaneous expenses. Costs were estimated based on current quotations on the specific market available in Romania. We also described a financial model to estimate the financial risk. Results. The analysis was made under the assumptions that the laboratory is operated by the dentist who made the investment in the form of a legal person and paying corporate tax like all Romanian entities. The analysis took into account current fees for different types of x-rays, usual expenses of such a laboratory, and describes the approach to this analysis, starting with the initial investment estimation and forecast of revenues and expenses. Based on these projections and assessment of the working capital, we have built the cash flows forecast. Following a risk analysis we could assess the financial efficiency of the two investment alternatives. Conclusions. Our study reveals that the radiology center represents a more profitable investment due to the higher economic return rate.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Effects of Radiotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8151
Author(s):  
Sharda Kumari ◽  
Shibani Mukherjee ◽  
Debapriya Sinha ◽  
Salim Abdisalaam ◽  
Sunil Krishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Carbon Particle ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
High Let Radiation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Let ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Tumor Death

Radiation therapy (RT), an integral component of curative treatment for many malignancies, can be administered via an increasing array of techniques. In this review, we summarize the properties and application of different types of RT, specifically, conventional therapy with x-rays, stereotactic body RT, and proton and carbon particle therapies. We highlight how low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation induces simple DNA lesions that are efficiently repaired by cells, whereas high-LET radiation causes complex DNA lesions that are difficult to repair and that ultimately enhance cancer cell killing. Additionally, we discuss the immunogenicity of radiation-induced tumor death, elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which radiation mounts innate and adaptive immune responses and explore strategies by which we can increase the efficacy of these mechanisms. Understanding the mechanisms by which RT modulates immune signaling and the key players involved in modulating the RT-mediated immune response will help to improve therapeutic efficacy and to identify novel immunomodulatory drugs that will benefit cancer patients undergoing targeted RT.

Incidence of various dental anomalies in population of Taxilla, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2710-2711
Author(s):  
Saman Malik ◽  
Faiqa Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Usman ul Haq ◽  
Amna Faisal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Dental Radiology ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Supernumerary Teeth ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
The People ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Different Types

Background: There are different types of teeth anomalies that effects the people of different regional populations. Aim: To determine the occurrence of dental anomalies in patients of Taxila that visit our college for routine dental procedures. Methods: The study was retrospective and was conducted on periapical intraoral radiographs of patients between the ages of 15 to 35 years, with no gender discrimination at Dental College HITEC-IMS. Results: We collected data from 450 periapical intraoral radiographs that were taken in last six months (i.e. 15th January 2021 till 15th July 2021) in dental radiology department. Conclusion: The dental anomalies that were found in the population of taxila were impacted teeth, missing teeth, rotated tooth, supernumerary teeth (mesiodens), root dilacerations, peg lateral, taurodontism and hypercementosis. Keywords: Root anomalies, dental anomalies, periapical radiograph

scholarly journals Mutual fund investors perception in India-a study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
R. Udhayasankar ◽  
K. Maran
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Fund Raising ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Derivative Instruments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Small Investors ◽  
Investment Option ◽  
Short Span

Mutual fund is four decades old in India.  It was started by UTI during the year 1964 with few schemes for small investors. During this short span of time it has made tremendous growth in Indian small investors. But now a day’s its volume of investors and sources of investment also growing tremendous level. Moreover mutual fund scheme have added new dimension to overcome financial risk of small investors and also in fund raising capacity of corporate sectors. Mutual fund investors can diversify even more by purchasing different kind of stocks which will helps to spreading out investors’ money across different types of derivative instruments and hence it reduces the risk tremendously up to certain extent and it is automatically diversify in a predetermined category of investments. This serves bridge work between small investors and corporate sectors likewise considering those points in this paper is an attempt to know the investors’ perceptions towards selected mutual funds. This paper makes an attempt to identify various factors affecting perception of investors regarding investment in mutual funds. The findings will helpful to identify the investors’ interest base and factors clearly and it reveals that the investors consider mutual funds as flexible investment option and it creates interest of investment among small investors.

scholarly journals Truncated Inception Net: COVID-19 Outbreak Screening using Chest X-rays

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipayan Das ◽  
KC Santosh ◽  
Umapada Pal
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Since December 2019, the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused world-wide turmoil in less than a couple of months, and the infection, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is spreading at an unprecedented rate. AI-driven tools are used to identify Coronavirus outbreaks as well as forecast their nature of spread, where imaging techniques are widely used, such as CT scans and chest X-rays (CXRs). In this paper, motivated by the fact that X-ray imaging systems are more prevalent and cheaper than CT scan systems, a deep learning-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, which we call Truncated Inception Net, is proposed to screen COVID-19 positive CXRs from other non-COVID and/or healthy cases. To validate our proposal, six different types of datasets were employed by taking the following CXRs: COVID-19 positive, Pneumonia positive, Tuberculosis positive, and healthy cases into account. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 99.96% (AUC of 1.0) in classifying COVID- 19 positive cases from combined Pneumonia and healthy cases. Similarly, it achieved an accuracy of 99.92% (AUC of 0.99) in classifying COVID-19 positive cases from combined Pneumonia, Tuberculosis and healthy CXRs. To the best of our knowledge, as of now, the achieved results outperform the existing AI-driven tools for screening COVID-19 using CXRs.

Guest Editorial: Spacing Ourselves to Death

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (09) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Justin Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Simple Type ◽  
Financial Model ◽  
Type Curve ◽  
Type Curves ◽  
Technical Staff ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Well Spacing ◽  
Proper Name

If you talk to a typical subsurface professional working on unconventionals today (e.g., a reservoir engineer, completion engineer, geologist, petrophysicist, etc.) as I have in person and through media such as LinkedIn, you will find that many lament one key thing: Our sophisticated models have been reduced too much. Of course, I am generalizing and those are not the words they use; the lamentations come in many forms. The dissatisfaction with oversimplification is most easily observed as dis-taste for the type curve, the simplified model we use to predict upcoming new drills. (Yes, I know many of you will want to refer to them by their “proper” name: type well curve; I will be sticking with the colloquial version.) A simple meme posted on LinkedIn about type curves garnered one of the most engaged conversations I have seen amongst technical staff. The responses varied from something like “Thank God someone finally said this out loud” to comments such as “I don’t know anything better than type curves.” Most comments were closer to the former than the latter. What is even more remarkable is that our investors feel the same. In personal conversations, many of them refer to our type curves simply as “lies.” This perception, coupled with the historical lack of corporate returns, led investors away from our industry in droves. Many within the industry see it differently and want to blame the exodus on other factors such as oil and gas prices, climate change, competition from renewables, other environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues, the pandemic, or OPEC’s unwillingness to “hold the bag” any longer. If you ask them, though, investors will tell you a simple answer: The unconventional business destroyed way too much capital and lied too much through the type curves. Why is it that both investors and technical staff are unhappy with our ability to accurately model future performance? Why can’t we deliver returns? The typical unconventional-focused oil and gas company has two models that are critical to the business. First is the subsurface model, with which we are all intimately familiar in its various forms, and the second is the corporate financial model, which is focused on cash flows, income, and assets/liabilities. It is unfortunate that the two models are separate. It means we must simplify one or both so they can communicate with each other. How can you observe this oversimplification while it is happening? It is happening when the finance staff say, “Please just give me a simple type curve and well count; I need to model, optimize, and account for debt/leverage, equity, and cash flows.” Meanwhile, the technical staff say, “Please just give me a CAPEX budget or a well count; I need to model, optimize, and account for well spacing, completion design, land constraints, and operational constraints.” Looking back, we know that the winner in this tug-of-war of competing needs was the type curve.

scholarly journals Increased Hematopoietic Stem Cells/Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Measured as Endogenous Spleen Colonies in Radiation-Induced Adaptive Response in Mice (Yonezawa Effect)

Dose-Response ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 155932581879015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wang ◽  
Kaoru Tanaka ◽  
Yasuharu Ninomiya ◽  
Kouichi Maruyama ◽  
Guillaume Varès ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitor ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Radiation Induced

The existence of radiation-induced adaptive response (AR) was reported in varied biosystems. In mice, the first in vivo AR model was established using X-rays as both the priming and the challenge doses and rescue of bone marrow death as the end point. The underlying mechanism was due to the priming radiation-induced resistance in the blood-forming tissues. In a series of investigations, we further demonstrated the existence of AR using different types of ionizing radiation (IR) including low linear energy transfer (LET) X-rays and high LET heavy ion. In this article, we validated hematopoietic stem cells/hematopoietic progenitor cells (HSCs/HPCs) measured as endogenous colony-forming units-spleen (CFU-S) under AR inducible and uninducible conditions using combination of different types of IR. We confirmed the consistency of increased CFU-S number change with the AR inducible condition. These findings suggest that AR in mice induced by different types of IR would share at least in part a common underlying mechanism, the priming IR-induced resistance in the blood-forming tissues, which would lead to a protective effect on the HSCs/HPCs and play an important role in rescuing the animals from bone marrow death. These findings provide a new insight into the mechanistic study on AR in vivo.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Applied to Chest X-ray for Differential Diagnosis of COVID-19 Pneumonia

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 530
Author(s):  
Christian Salvatore ◽  
Matteo Interlenghi ◽  
Caterina B. Monti ◽  
Davide Ippolito ◽  
Davide Capra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

We assessed the role of artificial intelligence applied to chest X-rays (CXRs) in supporting the diagnosis of COVID-19. We trained and cross-validated a model with an ensemble of 10 convolutional neural networks with CXRs of 98 COVID-19 patients, 88 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients, and 98 subjects without either COVID-19 or CAP, collected in two Italian hospitals. The system was tested on two independent cohorts, namely, 148 patients (COVID-19, CAP, or negative) collected by one of the two hospitals (independent testing I) and 820 COVID-19 patients collected by a multicenter study (independent testing II). On the training and cross-validation dataset, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) were 0.91, 0.87, and 0.93 for COVID-19 versus negative subjects, 0.85, 0.82, and 0.94 for COVID-19 versus CAP. On the independent testing I, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were 0.98, 0.88, and 0.98 for COVID-19 versus negative subjects, 0.97, 0.96, and 0.98 for COVID-19 versus CAP. On the independent testing II, the system correctly diagnosed 652 COVID-19 patients versus negative subjects (0.80 sensitivity) and correctly differentiated 674 COVID-19 versus CAP patients (0.82 sensitivity). This system appears promising for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of COVID-19, showing its potential as a second opinion tool in conditions of the variable prevalence of different types of infectious pneumonia.

Etiology analysis and x-ray diagnostics of feline odontoclastic resorbtive lesion

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Mukiy ◽  
◽  
V. A. Nikolaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Types

In veterinary medicine, one of the most relevant area is dentistry of small pets. Of all dentistry diseases - 80% of cases are due to Feline odontoclastic resorptive lesion (FORL), which is more often diagnosed in cats. 35 cats have been diagnosed with den-tal disorders in vet-clinic "Altervet" for the period from November 2018 to April 2019. The analysis of the statistical information was carried out: 86 % of cats, that is 30 heads, were diagnosed FORL. The assess-ment was carried out according to the degree of tooth damage from x-rays images, and there are 2 types of resorption today: type 1 and type 2. Moreover, one of the examined cats simultaneously detected both types of FORL. Various degrees of tooth damage have been studied. Lesions of various parts of the tooth (crowns, necks, aboral and ros-tral roots of the teeth) were found, which were marked on radiographs. A statistical analysis of the incidence by breed, age, sex of animals and types of feed was conducted. The middle animal age of the disease inci-dence is 10 years. It was found that animals with pathology were nourished different types of food: mixed, dry, wet and natural. However, a greater number of cats with FORL were fed mixed (14 heads) and dry (8 heads) feed, 47 and 27%, respectively. It was found that in male this pathology is di-agnosed more often, in our case it is 73%, than in female- 27%.The disease was more common in mongrel cats – 18 heads, than in thoroughbred animals -12 heads, it turned out 60 and 40% of the number of affected animals. Reliable data on the influence of sex and breed on the occurrence of FORL has not been established.

scholarly journals Effect of Backscattered Radiation on X-Ray Image Contrast

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
A. T. Naji ◽  
M. S. Jaafar ◽  
E. A. Ali ◽  
S. K. J. Al-Ani
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Image Contrast ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Geometrical Design ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Test Tool ◽  
Different Types

This paper assesses the effect of backscattered radiation on X-ray image contrast by evaluating the effect of backscatter reduction on X-ray image contrast. Contrast test tool RMI Densitometer, and different types of fabricated anti backscattered grids have been utilized in this study. The measurements are recorded at different exposure parameters such as X-ray tube peak voltage (kVp), and X-rays intensities (mAs). For each exposure, the contrast of the image is evaluated by measuring the variation in optical densities for aluminium steps wedge. The results showed that the x-ray image contrast can be enhanced by decreasing the amount of backscattered radiation, also the fabricated anti backscattered grids have a remarkable effect in the improvement of X-ray image contrast according to grid’s capability in reducing backscattered radiation. In addition, the effectiveness of fabricated grids in improving image contrast depends on the grid’s material and the geometrical design, as well as the radiation exposure parameters. The image contrast enhancements increased up to 36% with the use of crossed iron steel grid which placed under the film screen combination during exposure.

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