scholarly journals Political Attitudes of Arab Citizens in North Africa

Politologija ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Mahmoudreza Rahbarqazi ◽  
Seyed Javad Emamjomehzadeh ◽  
Hossein Masoudnia
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Political Performance ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Social Associations ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
The One ◽  
Islamic Values ◽  
Democratic Political System

Theories of social capital, government performance, Islamic values, and globalization are among the most important tools that can be used to help explain individuals’ political attitudes. The present research attempts to address the effects of the abovementioned factors on the political attitude of Arab citizens using the Arab Barometer Wave IV data. The results showed that only 23.2% of citizens disagreed with a democratic political system, while 70.3% and 60.1% expressed their opposition to authoritarian and Shari’ah-based systems. Results of the final model of research indicated that memberships in social associations, on the one hand, increased the tendency of individuals to support authoritarian and law-based political systems and, on the other hand, did not have any significant effect on the tendency toward supporting a democratic political system. It was concluded that improving economic performance not only affected the promotion of the Shari’ah-based political system, but that Political Performance also reduced the inclinations toward Shari’ah and authoritarianism. Furthermore, Political Performance increased the tendency of individuals to favor a democratic system. In addition, although individuals’ support for a Shari’ah-based political system had increased, Islamic values did not act as a barrier that would keep individuals away from favoring a democratic political system. Among the variables of globalization, the expansion of communication reduced people’s tendencies toward Shari’ah and authoritative political systems, along with a positive effect on strengthening support for democratic systems. Ultimately, Westernization only affected the shrinking support of some Shari’ah-based political systems.

scholarly journals KORUPSI DAN DEMOKRASI

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Mathias Daven
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
The Relationship

Democracy is often seen as a political system which is capable of lessening or preventing corruption. Countries with a democratic system are regarded as relatively free of corrupt practices. Meanwhile, authoritarian political systems are seen as riddled through with corrupt practices because they are not capable of protecting political officials from such practices. However it is apparent that corruption scandals are frequently encountered in democratic systems. Various corruption scandals that befall politicians in Western Europe, the USA and Japan indicate the reality that democratic procedures are not, on their own, capable of protecting officials from corruption. What calls for debate among academics is: Which aspect of democracy can prevent, and which aspect can permit corrupt practices? How can the relationship between corruption and democracy be explained? This essay is presented as a small contribution to this debate.

scholarly journals DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL SYSTEM IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF MAQASID SHARIA : STUDY ANALYSIS OF YUSUF AL-QARADAWI’S THOUGHT

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Athoilah Islamy ◽  
Sansan Ziaul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Epistemological Foundation ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Holistic Vision ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Democratic Political System

Abstract: one of the big issue that is still debatable about the relationship between Islam and politics is how legitimate the democratic political system is in the paradigm of Islamic law. This study will explain the alternative paradigm in evaluating the democratic system based on the paradigm of Islamic law from a prominent Muslim intellectual named Yusuf al-Qaradawi. This research is a qualitative research in the form of literature review. The primary source used is a variety of literature that explains Yusuf al-Qaradawi's thoughts about democracy in Islam. The method used is the method of interpreting the thoughts of the figures with the maqasid al-shari‘ah approach. There are two big conclusions of this research. First, Yusuf al-Qaradawi's view of democracy can be said to be grounded in its epistemological foundation in understanding the concept of an Islamic state. For al-Qaradawi, an Islamic state is a system of government that provides policy improvisation space in the benefit of social, economic and political life based on the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid shari'ah). Second, Yusuf al-Qaradawi's view, the democratic system can be compatible with Islam if the principles in the democratic system are in accordance with various values which are the spirit of the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid shari'ah), such as the value of justice, equality of rights, freedom, etc. so. To realize this, the democratic system must carry a holistic vision and mission, which includes worldly and ukhrawi benefits as well as individual and social benefits.       Keywords: Validity, democracy, Yusuf al-Qaradawi, maqasid shari’ah; 

scholarly journals Niemiecka droga do demokracji i gospodarki rynkowej jako przykład dla państw Europy Wschodniej

2017 ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
Martin Dahl
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Political System ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Soviet Bloc ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
World War ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Democratic Political System

The German experience with democracy and the market economy can be particularly valuable for other European countries for at least two reasons. Firstly, after World War II, the Germans effectively and permanently managed to enter the democratic political system based on the market economy. Initially, the economy was implemented only in the western part of the country and since 1990 all over the country. Secondly, after the collapse of the former Soviet bloc, Central European countries greatly benefited from German political solutions. This means that in favourable conditions, these experiences can be a valuable source of inspiration for other countries, especially those in Eastern Europe.This study is a result of research conducted in 2016 as part of the project ‘Germany and Russia in a multipolar international order. Strategic vision and potential alliances’ with the support of the Foundation for Polish-German Cooperation. It consists of four parts. Part I is an introduction to the issues analysed. Part II shows the genesis and characteristics of the democratic political system of Germany. Part III contains an analysis of the German experience with the implementation of the market economy. In Part IV, the author presents his conclusions of how and to what extent Eastern European countries can use the German experience in reforming their political systems and what conditions they would have to meet.

Christian Democracy in Italy

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn M. Warner
Keyword(s):  
Political Party ◽  
Political System ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Christian Democracy ◽  
Strong Force ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Democratic Political System

This article argues that historical context can be a strong force for the origins of an ideologically and behaviourally moderate religious political party. It explores the origins of Italian Christian Democracy, following the trajectory of the Partito Popolare Italiano and Democrazia Cristiana in order to highlight a path to religious party moderation that excludes extremism and violence at all stages. That path includes the development of a moderate ideology prior to inclusion in the democratic system, influenced by efforts to reconcile Catholicism with democracy. Extremist alternatives are eliminated not through the moderating tendencies of a democratic political system but by historical events and by efforts of the moderate religious party to ensure that the democratic system does not collapse. Ideological and behavioural moderation are understood as acceptance of democracy and promotion of civil liberties, not as the notion that a party becomes in some way less religious.

scholarly journals Representasi Demokrasi dalam Situs Berita Islam Voa-Islam dan ArRahmah

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detta Rahmawan ◽  
Justito Adiprasetio ◽  
Preciosa Alnashava Janitra
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Framing Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
News Websites ◽  
Ideological Polarization ◽  
Productive Discussion ◽  
Islamic Values ◽  
Democratic Political System

In Indonesia, various Islamist groups are emerging and frequently promote the idea of Islamic Law to replace the secular-democratic political system. Some of these groups use several websites to spread their ideology to the public and as a form of resistance to the “mainstream news”. This study uses framing analysis to explore how Islamist news websites, such as VOA-Islam and ArRahmah, portray the concept of democracy. Throughout the analysis, it has been found that they frequently claimed that democracy is a failing system, because it is expensive, it creates a political oligarchy, and it goes against the teachings of the Quran. Moreover, these websites often used member of the anti-democratic organizations such as HTI (Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia), as their primary sources. By always contrasting the concept of democracy with Islamic values, these groups offered narratives that does not lead to a healthy and productive discussion. instead, it has the potential to exaggerate ideological polarization.

Basic Democratic Principles

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-114
Author(s):  
Rached Ghannouchi
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
System P ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Political Freedoms ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
Modern Era

This chapter discusses basic democratic principles. Here, the issue of political freedoms in the modern era can hardly be separated from democratic systems of government, simply because democracy offers the best system of governance, which when applied enables citizens to practice their basic freedoms, including political ones. In this light, the chapter considers the basic principles which make a political system democratic. It also considers the evolution of a democratic system as well as what this evolution entails and what impulses have driven it. The chapter also seeks ways in which the democratic system might be improved. To conclude, the chapter explores the basic principles of an Islamic political system.

scholarly journals Political structure and the administration of political system in Iraq (post-ISIS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (65) ◽  
pp. 345-361
Author(s):  
Muntasser Majeed Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Structure ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
The One

The objective of the investigation was to analyze the structure and administration of the political system in Iraq (post-ISIS). After 2003, the Iraqi political system suffered the fundamental problem of its failure to achieve the political and social inclusion that characterizes democratic systems, to guarantee the establishment of a "state for all", while respecting differences. Political representation has moved from the system of sectarian ethnic components, under the title of consensual democracy, to the representation of leaders and the realization of their interests and the interests of their parties at the expense of the groups that claim to represent them, which complicates the problem. In this sense, the new political system could not represent social pluralism, on the one hand, and could not satisfy the demands of the same components on the other. Methodologically, it is a political investigation in the framework of the analysis of the political system. It was concluded that the search for new balances is a pending issue. While these emerging balances and arrangements are still fragile and immature to the extent required, they represent a clear entry point to reshape the regime's political structure in one form or another.

scholarly journals Poprawność polityczna w liberalnej kulturze politycznej – szansa na porozumienie czy hipokryzja władzy?

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 220-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Turkot
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Political System ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Political Correctness ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Democratic Political System

Political correctness as a norm of behaviour in liberal political culture is criticized as a sophisticated type of modern censorship, or stronger, as an ideological tool in the hands of part of Western political and cultural elites. Nonetheless, it appears to play important and necessary functions in a democratic system. Even if we agree that political correctness is cynical and hypocritical by nature, it does not lose its value. Its ambiguous potential can be creatively used, particularly in the areas of public discourse, deliberation and public debate, but also in other important spheres of liberal political culture and, more broadly, the democratic political system.

scholarly journals Doktrynalna legitymizacja idei wolności słowa

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 247-260
Author(s):  
Łukasz Machaj
Keyword(s):  
Free Speech ◽  
Political System ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
Democratic Political System

DOCTRINAL JUSTIFICATIONS OF THE FREEDOM OF SPEECHFreedom of speech is one of the foundational values of contemporary liberal and democratic systems. The article analyzes four most important doctrinal justifications for extending afar-reach­ing protection for expression. First, respect for free speech is alogical corollary and consequence of respecting individual dignity and liberty. Second, free market of ideas is the best way of attaining truth and fostering healthy public debate. Third, freedom of speech is an indispensable condition of democratic political system. Fourth, respecting free speech helps create tolerant and open-minded society.

scholarly journals CONSTİTUTİONAL SYSTEMS, ATHENS AND SPARTA, ADMİNİSTRATİVE SYSTEM.

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (08) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
OMRAN AHMED HUSSEİN AL-SHARIF
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Administrative System ◽  
Greek City ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
History Of ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
City State

This research studies the development of constitutional systems among the Greeks in the cities of Athens and Sparta, in terms of the political and administrative system from the year 800 to 300 BC, that is, since the emergence of the first stages of the history of the Athenian constitution in the monarchy era, through the aristocratic and oligarchic regimes and the rule of tyrants, to the democratic system in Athens. Whereas every Greek city had its own political system that distinguishes it from others, which the nature of the terrain of their country contributed the greatest contribution to, as well as the idea of self-sufficiency for each Greek city, and the boldness of Greek thought. Rather, they took their position in the kingdom of thought and had the courage to research and ask questions to themselves and sought to perceive the universe in the light of reason. Therefore, a political system appeared in every city known as the city-state system. Thus, the Greek civilization provided for the development of political thought unless other human civilizations provided it. What the Greek philosophers presented in political thought during the fifth and fourth centuries BC still represents the basis on which modern political systems were built, and the research aims to To reveal the importance of the geography of the land of the Greeks, and its impact on their civilization, and to highlight the role of Greek philosophers in matters related to the organization of the state and government, and to trace the development of constitutional systems among the Greeks from the monarchy era to the democratic system in Athens, and to identify the reasons for the stagnation of political life in Sparta under the monarchy. The importance of study and research in this subject is due to the fact that it clarifies the opinions and ideas of the Greek philosophers on constitutional systems, and thus it is an attempt to add even a small part to the history of the constitutional systems of the Greeks‎‎. Keywords: Constitutional Systems, Athens and Sparta, Administrative System.

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