scholarly journals Eristic Argumentation in Advertising

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (31) ◽  
pp. 190-202
Author(s):  
Skirmantė Biržietienė ◽  
Eglė Gabrėnaitė
Keyword(s):  
Common Elements ◽  
Verbal Expression ◽  
Interdisciplinary Nature ◽  
Communicative Act ◽  
Advertising Discourse ◽  
Argumentum Ad Verecundiam ◽  
The Right ◽  
Broad Meaning

Advertising may be examined as a particular form of rhetoric the aims of which are the same as of rhetoric, namely to affect mind, will, feelings, and to persuade. The theory of rhetoric, the main object of which is discourse not only in narrow meaning (as verbal expression of ideas (i.e. to say text)), but also in broad meaning – as a communicative act between the addresser and the addressee since its interdisciplinary nature provides the right tools to explore the advertising discourse. The theory of rhetoric is successfully applied in development of advertising discourse, because it helps to foresee the communicative act between the addresser and the addressee. Advertising and rhetoric are combined by many common elements, but the same goal is the most important: both, rhetoric and advertising seek for persuasion through verbal and non-verbal measures.The paper deals with the analysis of the inventive level of advertising discourse, i.e., eristic arguments, spread of ways of proofing / persuasion. Eristic argumentation is a dominant argumentation type in advertising. This method of persuasion is a way to create truth visibility although it is just superficial. The most typical schemes of eristic argumentation used in advertising are as follows: argumentum ad vanitatem (appeal to the vanity of the addressee), argumentum ad verecundiam (appeal to the authority), argumentum baculinum (method of “whip” argument), argumentum ad novitatem (appeal to novelty). The article shows the usage of eristic arguments in Lithuanian commercial ads.

Civil courage as a communicative act

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-335
Author(s):  
Paul Iganski
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
Moral Imperative ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Felt Sense ◽  
Communicative Act ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hate Violence

Abstract Hate violence which denigrates a person’s social identity whether it involves physical or verbal aggression off or online – is a communicative act. It transmits a message to the victim that they are devalued and unwelcome. It is a marginalising and exclusionary message. Answering back to hate violence by challenging hateful expression is one way of responding. It is a form of ‘civil courage’. Yet why should anybody want to take a stand and speak out – given the risks involved that perpetrators might turn on those who intervene or respond in some other way? This paper proposes that the importance of civil courage goes beyond being the right thing to do, or the humane thing, when a bystander witnesses hate violence off- or online. Instead, if we comprehend hate violence as a communicative act, and if we understand the particular impact of the exclusionary message it sends (and understand how bystander inaction can magnify the felt sense of social exclusion), then we might appreciate the potential value of an act of civil courage in response. There is a moral imperative for civil courage as it answers back to hate violence by sending an inclusionary message to the victim – as reasoned in this paper.

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Technique with a Chronic Schizophrenic Patient

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian G. Gale
Keyword(s):  
Schizophrenic Patient ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Occipital Region ◽  
Verbal Expression ◽  
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic Patient ◽  
Neuropsychological Investigation ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Detailed neuropsychological investigation of a schizophrenic patient found a deficit in functions usually attributed to the left parieto-occipital region. Interventions designed to exercise the putatively left parieto-occipital functions (‘understanding the verbal expression of spatial relationships’) and to exercise putatively right hemisphere functions (exercises based on Edwards' — ‘Drawing on the Right Side of the Brain’) were compared. The patient demonstrated lowest levels of hallucinatory behaviour, aggressive verbal outbursts, and physical aggression during phases when right hemisphere exercises were programmed. Possible reasons for this outcome are examined.

scholarly journals Is Psychology Headed in the Right Direction? Yes, No, and Maybe

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol S. Dweck
Keyword(s):  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Interdisciplinary Nature ◽  
Exciting Time ◽  
The Right

In this piece, I first celebrate the growing contribution of psychology to the understanding and solution of pressing social issues. Then, despite these exciting developments, I worry about whether we have created a field that our students want to spend their lives in, and I suggest concerns that might fruitfully be addressed. Finally, I worry about the potential fragmentation of psychology and applaud programs of research that have shown the unique and important contributions to be made when the methods and perspectives of neuroscience, cognitive science, and computational modeling are integrated with those of social, personality, and developmental psychology. In sum, although this is an exciting time for our field, we can do more to ensure its vigor and its truly interdisciplinary nature as we move forward.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF SPEAKING SKILLS IN STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.V LEKHTYANSKAYA ◽  
◽  
A.V MOVCHAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Speaking ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Human Speech ◽  
Communication Techniques ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
Speech Interaction ◽  
Communicative Act ◽  
The Right ◽  
Speaking Skills

Purpose: to consider and theoretically substantiate the rules and techniques of communicative communication, techniques of speech interaction with the audience. Methods: the study of human speech activity, which is carried out through the exchange of information through texts. The interaction of the speaker with a group of persons, using a communicative act to communicate information, which will entail a certain activity or, on the contrary, inaction. The authors consider different techniques of speaking, suggest constantly training this skill in different ways: speaking tongue twisters, retelling texts, etc. The formation of the mastery of public speaking is a long and laborious process, which must be constantly learned using special literature. Speaking skill will help communicate, promoting quality interaction between people in a team. Results: thanks to this study, the authors came to the following conclusions, which give the right to say that a person's thoughts are formed with the help of consciousness, but not every person can convey them to others. It is necessary to develop public speaking skills from an early age. Starting with expressive reading of poems and episodes of literary works. You can express your attitude to any phenomenon, prove your position in relation to this or that event, prove your case not only with the help of correct arguments, but also with the skill of an orator. Over the course of many years of study, the student is given the opportunity to master the art of oratorical performance in practical classes, seminars, and presentations at conferences. Difficulties that arise when answering a test or exam often arise for students not because of a lack of knowledge in this subject, but because of the lack of skill that is needed when making a speech. Quickly logical, well-spoken speech is the key to success in any situation. The techniques and methods that the authors consider in this article will help students and many other people understand the formula for successfully mastering the skill of public speaking. A speech based on knowledge of the laws of persuasion and delivered taking into account the rules of speech interaction will help not only in studying at a university, but also in later life

Rights as Security

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda Powell
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Capabilities Approach ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Amartya Sen ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Negative Duties ◽  
The Right ◽  
Broad Meaning

The right to security of person is widely recognized but little understood. Courts, legislatures, scholars, and others disagree about how the right to security of person should be defined. This book investigates the meaning of the right to security of person through an analysis of its constituent parts: security and the person. Applying an original conceptual analysis of ‘security’, it is argued that the right to security of person imposes both positive and negative duties. Also, to identify the interests to be protected by the right, we need a theory of personhood or well-being such as Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum’s ‘capabilities approach’. It is accepted that any existing legal rights to security of person must be artificially delineated in order not to overstep the boundaries of other rights. In recognition of the naturally broad meaning of the right to security of person, it is proposed that human rights law as a whole should be seen as a mechanism to further security of person: rights as security.

scholarly journals Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on the Right Superior Temporal Gyrus for Severe Aphasia Caused by Damage to the Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimpei Kawamura ◽  
Nobuhiro Takahashi ◽  
Yasutaka Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Verbal Expression ◽  
Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Low Frequency Rtms

Several reports on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of aphasia caused by damage to the left inferior frontal gyrus state that low-frequency rTMS therapy for the right inferior frontal gyrus, which is contralateral to the focus area, is effective for improving verbal expression. However, most of these reports have studied the effects of rTMS therapy for comparatively mild aphasia. This study attempted to perform low-frequency rTMS on the right posterior superior temporal gyrus (BA22), which is the center for language reception for aphasia patients with a drastic decline in verbal expression due to damage to the left inferior frontal gyrus and a considerable decline in language perception. The participants performed a language task that was displayed on a computer monitor during rTMS. In addition, intensive speech-language and hearing therapy was performed by the therapist after rTMS. This study reports that a resultant improvement in language perception was observed in the activated brain regions based on neuropsychological tests and functional magnetic resonance imaging. This study is considered to be significant as it highlights a new method of rTMS treatment for severe aphasia.

Filling the blanks: How Chinese students’ Study Experiences at Queen’s University gave them more Complete Knowledge about their Country and Changed their View on Contemporary China.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Bateman ◽  
Gilbert Lee ◽  
Songyang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
International Student ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Community Size ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Complete Knowledge ◽  
Interdisciplinary Nature ◽  
Queen's University ◽  
The Right

In Canada academic freedom and the right to criticize are often taken for granted. Under some more repressive regimes, however, people grow up in an education system that bans the inquiry in certain areas and imposes an official narrative on the discussion of many topics. As an international student from China (PRC) studying at Queen’s, I have greater access to different perspectives on China and its history than before, and the more complete knowledge I obtained helped me to construct a more informed perception of my country. This inspired me to explore the similar change that happened to other Chinese international students at Queen’s, with a focus on how their views on contemporary China’s social and environmental issues, such as China’s air pollution, migration workers, and left-behind children, might have been influenced by their experiences at Queen’s and the chance they had to relearn their native country. Except its academic value, this project can make a difference to the Queen’s community by raising attention for Chinese students, who count for 59% of international students studying at Queen’s (Queen’s University 2017-18 Enrollment Report) but do not have a voice proportional to the community size. Besides, the interdisciplinary nature (history and human geography) of this project means it can be developed into more in-depth researches in the future, possibly during the coming summer.  

scholarly journals Movement of “Natural Parenting” as (as if) a Confrontation with a Consumer Society

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (31) ◽  
pp. 270-282
Author(s):  
Alla Diomidova ◽  
Viktoria Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Imagined Community ◽  
Educational Discourse ◽  
Consumer Values ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Advertising Discourse ◽  
The Right ◽  
As If

The article describes the movement of natural parenting and its confrontational ideology. The authors sought to provide a general understanding of the movement natural parenting and describe its confrontational ideology. Speaking in terms of sociology, sling parents form the imagined community and this particular ideology is the focus of the presents study. The hypothesis of the study lies in the assumption that discourse analysis of natural parenting is to discover traits of propaganda discourse. The subject of the analyzed discourse is set critically in relation to the modern practice of consumption, declares the personal position free from stereotypes and willingness to confront the dictatorial influence of consumer values on the style of parenting. The subject is prone to reflection and the generation of ideological texts. Despite the fact that natural parenting has positioned itself as anti-consumer-orientated, it creates a consumer niche of the “right” products for children. Being against some commodities, natural parenting creates demand for the other ones. Sling clothing for Moms (sling jackets), accessories and the like become the accompanying sling commodities. Natural parenting has positioned itself as focused on the child’s needs. The traditional educational discourse is marked as providing the convenience for a mother who does not love her child. Many of the arguments of the sling discourse are based on fear to fail to meet a child’s needs (or to cause harm to his\her health, to threaten his\her life), which relates it with the mainstream advertising discourse.

The Political Psychology of Deliberation

2018 ◽  
pp. 534-555
Author(s):  
Christopher Karpowitz ◽  
Tali Mendelberg
Keyword(s):  
Belief Systems ◽  
Political Knowledge ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Group Interactions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cognitive Patterns ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Right

How does research from political and social psychology inform expectations for deliberation? In this chapter, we review two aspects of such research: the structure of individual belief systems and the role of group-based forces. Considerable evidence has shown that low levels of political knowledge, ideological inconsistency, and a vulnerability to framing effects are common elements of citizen belief systems. These represent both a challenge and an opportunity for deliberative forums. Evidence shows that deliberation can, under the right circumstances, interrupt typical cognitive patterns and produce more thoughtful and informed political judgments. But the extent to which deliberation has such salutary effects also depends on group-level dynamics and norms. We review three important types of group effects: group polarization, the effects of preference diversity on group interactions, and how unequal social identities can shape deliberative exchanges. The social and psychological forces present in deliberating groups require considerable additional study.

Lord Halifax and Monasticism in the Church of England

1984 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-230
Author(s):  
Rene Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Anglican Church ◽  
Monastic Life ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Church ◽  
Benedictine Monasticism

Lord Halifax is primarily remembered for his dedication to ecumenism. Negotiations with the Vatican concerning the validity of Anglican orders and the pioneering conversations with Cardinal Mercier are examples of his efforts to bring unity and peace to Christendom. Believing that certain practices, devotions, and customs were the inheritance of all Christians, he sought to introduce into the Church of England some of those common elements. One, absent since the sixteenth century, was Benedictine monasticism. Not only did the Anglican church have the right to claim monastic life as part of its tradition, he insisted, but Benedictine life in the Church of England might invigorate a structure many believed was static.

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