scholarly journals PETER THE GREAT IN THE FOLKLORE LEGENDS OF THE 19TH — EARLY 20TH CENTURIES: PLOTS, MOTIFS, GENRE PROBLEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
Olga Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
General Sense ◽  
Common People ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Feature Characteristic ◽  
Russian North ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cultural Hero

Peter the Great is one of the most popular characters in the folk prose of the Russian North. His sojourns in thinly populated and inaccessible places had left a noticeable mark in the people's memory. The first tales about him were written in the mid-18th century. Researchers define the genre of these works in different ways. They are classified as folklore, legends, fairy tales, anecdotes, stories about royal favors. The main motifs they contain are release from work, communication with ordinary people, treats, presenting with a caftan, coat, cloth, money, infliction and compensation for losses. They often contain the motif of Peter the Great's recognition of the enemy's superiority over himself in strength, ingenuity, resourcefulness, navigation, carpentry, making bast shoes, etc. As a rule, the plots of folklore stories are a convoluted mix of motifs from works of different genres. Some of them have magical significance: a miraculous dream, signs, the fulfillment of a prediction, the uncovering of relics, magical punishment, the petrification of Peter the Great in the monument (The Bronze Horseman), etc. A feature characteristic of folklore history is the multiplicity and ambiguity of their genre manifestations. Oral stories about Peter the Great are historically unreliable: the narrator knows a fact in the most general sense, and it is subsequently comprehended in accordance with popular ideas about power. The Tsar is recognizable as a historical person, but he acts in the genre paradigm of a cultural hero. Historical legends about Peter the Great characterize the formation and development of the folk poetic myth of a just tsar who values the common people, lives in the interests of the state, and is concerned about the future of Russia.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kaicker
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Popular Politics ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Concerted Action ◽  
Common People ◽  
Sovereign Authority ◽  
The Common ◽  
The City ◽  
Better Than

That the ordinary people were merely the passive objects of sovereign authority has long served as a chief axiom in the study of precolonial India. The following pages offer, by way of introduction, an argument to the contrary. While premodern urbanites in South Asia have received little historical attention, the common people of the city of Delhi—regarded as little better than animals by the imperial elite—nevertheless emerged as subjects in a regime that had no conception of their place in politics. Offering an analysis of the evolving relation between sovereignty and popular politics in the period, this book lays out in the starkest terms the heretofore-unrevealed potential of Delhi’s urbanites for concerted action in extraordinary circumstances. This introduction sets the stage in precolonial India and outlines the subjects of each of the book’s seven chapters.

scholarly journals SEJARAH DAN FIKSI DALAM “LEGENDA KAMPUNG JAGALAN” DAN “LEGENDA KAMPUNG SEWU” SURAKARTA

Aksara ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Nugraheni Eko Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Common People ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Interactive Model ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan bentuk cerita rakyat “Legenda Kampung Jagalan” dan “Legenda Kampung Sewu” Surakarta, aspek sejarah dalam kedua cerita rakyat, unsur ksi dalam kedua cerita rakyat, serta hubungan antara cerita rakyat dengan babad. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Data dalam penelitian ini buku Cerita Rakyat Surakarta dan Yogyakarta dan informan. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui analisis kedua legenda dan analisis catatan hasil wawancara informan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis model interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk cerita rakyat Surakarta adalah legenda asal-usul nama Kampung Jagalan dan Kampung Sewu Surakarta. Cerita rakyat “Legenda Kampung Jagalan” berhubungan dengan tokoh sejarah Kanjeng Susuhunan Pakubuwono X dan “Legenda Kampung Sewu” berhubungan dengan tokoh Kanjeng Susuhunan Pakubuwono II. Fiksi dalam cerita rakyat berkaitan dengan penceritaan tokoh dari kalangan rakyat jelata, latar tempat yang menunjukkan kehidupan rakyat jelata, dan dialog-dialog yang terjadi antartokoh di kalangan rakyat. Cerita rakyat dan babad bertujuan untuk melegitimasi nama raja. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua legenda mengandung sejarah yang berhubungan dengan raja-raja Kerajaan Surakarta. Legenda mengandung unsur ksi pada struktur cerita.Kata Kunci: sejarah, ksi, cerita rakyat, SurakartaAbstractThis study aims to describe the form of Surakarta folktale through “Kampung Jagalan Legend” and “Kampung Sewu Legend”, historical aspects and roles in both folktales, the ction contained in both folktale, the relationship between folktales and babad. This research is qualitative descriptive research. The data in this study are book Cerita Rakyat Surakarta dan Yogyakarta and informants. The technique of collecting data through analysis of the two legends and informant interview records. Data analysis using interactive model analysis. The results of the research indicate that Surakarta folktales are the legend of the origin of the name Kampung Jagalan and Kampung Sewu Surakarta. “Kampung Jagalan Legend” relates to the historical gure of Pakubuwono X and “Kampung Sewu Legend” related the character of Pakubuwono II. Fiction in legends is related to the telling of gures from the common people, backgrounds that show the lives of ordinary people, and dialogues that occur between group, folktales and babad aim to legitimize the name of the king. The two legends contain history related to king of the kingdom Surakarta. Legends contain elements of ction in the structure of stories.Keywords: history, ction, folktales, Surakarta

The Liberalism of Senator Norris

1946 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fellman
Keyword(s):  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Special Interests ◽  
Common People ◽  
Public Servant ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Common ◽  
Power Trust ◽  
The Masses

Senator George W. Norris was a doggedly righteous man who never stopped battling for the Lord and the common people in a world of sinful men. His long political life, which included seven years as a district judge in Nebraska, ten years in the national House of Representatives, and thirty in the Senate, was a grim and sustained bout with what he regarded as the forces of evil. He tilted his lance against dishonest and corrupt men, political schemers, monopolies and “special interests,” religious and racial bigots, lobbyists and other special pleaders, the “power trust,” and the superheated zealots of partisanship. His autobiography, so long awaited, bears ample witness to the fact that for him life was real and earnest, and usually somewhat sad and despairing as well. But it had its rewards, for Senator Norris was a reflective man, and out of the bitter juices of human experience he always managed to distil a residue of homely moralistic wisdom. He learned that democratic government is pretty largely a process of compromise, and that in that process one must give as well as take. He also learned that, with enough courage and persistence, virtue is often rewarded, and that in the long run the masses of ordinary people can be trusted to reach tolerably reasonable conclusions. There were many disappointments in his life, and a great deal of heartache, but there were also many triumphs, and the net impression of his book seems to be that he felt his life had not been spent in vain. He was richly entitled to this feeling, for it will be conceded generally that he had been a very useful public servant indeed.

THE CRUCIFIXION FROM THE PARLIAMENT OF PARIS (1448), ITS POLITICAL AND LEGAL MEANINGS

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-113
Author(s):  
Olga I. Togoeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Common People ◽  
Royal Court ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Church

The article is devoted to the analysis of the Crucifixion from the Parliament of Paris – a painting that decorated the Great Hall of the Royal Court from the beginning of the 15th century until 1904. The author focuses on the political and legal meanings that were embedded in the Crucifixion. From this point of view, the main characters of the retablo, their appearance and attributes, as well as the general structure of the picture are studied. The author comes to the conclusion that the foreground of the retablo was intended primarily for educated people who are familiar not only with the history of the Passion of Christ or the martyrdom of St. Dionysius, but also with the Christian doctrine of redemption and the separation of powers. The background of the retablo, on the contrary, was intended for the common people. For each group of viewers, the artist used special symbolism and understandable markers. Nevertheless, the purpose of the Crucifixion remained the same – to emphasize by all means that the Parliament of Paris is the highest Royal Court of France, the place of judicial power par excellence, which is equal for everybody: the representatives of the nobility and the church, the high-ranking courtiers, the persons of the Royal blood, the ordinary people.

scholarly journals Prosesi Adat Merarik Masyarakat Bangsawan dengan Masyarakat Biasa di Desa Sengkerang Kecamatan Praya Timur Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Sri Rejeki ◽  
Hermawati Hermawati
Keyword(s):  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Female Side ◽  
Common People ◽  
Male Side ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Collection Methods

Abstrak: Dalam adat istiadat masyarakat sasak terutama keturunan bangsawan khsususnya kaum perempuan, apabila ingin menikah dia harus mencari orang yang sebangsawannya, jika tidak maka harta warisan akan hangus, dan diberikan sanksi keluar dari golongan bangsawan. Sedangkan kalau laki-laki diperbolehkan menikah dengan masyarakat biasa ataupun masyarakat bangsawan. Tujuan dalam artikel ini menjelaskan prosesi adat merarik masyarakat bangsawan dengan masyarakat biasa di Desa Sengkerang Kecamatan Praya Timur Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Penelitian ini termasuk peneltian kualitatif. Subyek Penelitian yaitu Kepala Desa, Kepala Dusun, Tokoh Agama, Tokoh Adat, Tokoh Pemuda dan Masyarakat. Metode pengumpulan data yang dipakai yaitu teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis dengan model interaktif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prosesi merariq masyarakat bangsawan dan masyarakat biasa meliputi tiga  tahapan yaitu: Pertama, adat sebelum akad berupa Midang, Midang merupakan kunjungan secara langsung dari pihak laki-laki ke pihak perempuan dalam rangka memperdalam hubungan sekaligus mengikat hubungan pertalian yang lebih mendalam dalam bentuk pernikahan. Kedua, adat dalam proses akad meliputi rangakaian kegiatan Merariq, Mesejati/sejati, Pemuput selabar/selabar, dan Nyongkol atau nyodol. Ketiga, adat setelah akad, setelah acara sorong doe atau nyongkol dan bales lampak nae (balas bekas kaki). Abstract:  In the customs of the Sasak people, especially the descendants of the aristocracy, especially women, if they want to get married they have to find someone who is an aristocrat, otherwise their inheritance will be forfeited and will be sanctioned to leave the aristocratic class. Meanwhile, men are allowed to marry into ordinary people or noble societies. The purpose of this article is to explain the traditional procession of drawing aristocratic communities with ordinary people in Sengkerang Village, Praya Timur District, Central Lombok Regency. This research includes qualitative research. Research subjects were village heads, hamlet heads, religious leaders, traditional leaders, youth and community leaders. The data collection methods used were observation, interview and documentation techniques. The data obtained will be analyzed with an interactive model. The results of this study indicate that the merariq procession of the aristocratic society and the common people includes three stages, namely: First, the custom before the contract in the form of Midang, Midang is a direct visit from the male side to the female side in order to deepen the relationship as well as to tie a deeper relationship. form of marriage. Second, customs in the contract process include a series of Merariq activities, true / true, Pemuput patience / patience, and Nyongkol or nyodol. Third, the customs after the contract, after the sorong doe or nagging and bales lampak nae (reply to the foot marks).

Between High Culture and Low Culture; and also The Difference Between Popular Culture and Folk Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Kunal Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Common People ◽  
High Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Culture

High culture is a collection of ideologies, beliefs, thoughts, trends, practices and works-- intellectual or creative-- that is intended for refined, cultured and educated elite people. Low culture is the culture of the common people and the mass. Popular culture is something that is always, most importantly, related to everyday average people and their experiences of the world; it is urban, changing and consumeristic in nature. Folk culture is the culture of preindustrial (premarket, precommodity) communities.

Rediscovering Blackstone: wpływ Williama Blackstone’a na rozwój amerykańskiej nauki prawa w recepcji Alberta W. Alschulera

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-185
Author(s):  
Edyta Sokalska
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Common Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law School ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
American Law ◽  
The Common

The reception of common law in the United States was stimulated by a very popular and influential treatise Commentaries on the Laws of England by Sir William Blackstone, published in the late 18th century. The work of Blackstone strengthened the continued reception of the common law from the American colonies into the constituent states. Because of the large measure of sovereignty of the states, common law had not exactly developed in the same way in every state. Despite the fact that a single common law was originally exported from England to America, a great variety of factors had led to the development of different common law rules in different states. Albert W. Alschuler from University of Chicago Law School is one of the contemporary American professors of law. The part of his works can be assumed as academic historical-legal narrations, especially those concerning Blackstone: Rediscovering Blackstone and Sir William Blackstone and the Shaping of American Law. Alschuler argues that Blackstone’s Commentaries inspired the evolution of American and British law. He introduces not only the profile of William Blackstone, but also examines to which extent the concepts of Blackstone have become the basis for the development of the American legal thought.

Myths about COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 907-912
Author(s):  
Deepika Masurkar ◽  
Priyanka Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Common People ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Media ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Health Organization

Recently at the end of 2019, a new disease was found in Wuhan, China. This disease was diagnosed to be caused by a new type of coronavirus and affected almost the whole world. Chinese researchers named this novel virus as 2019-nCov or Wuhan-coronavirus. However, to avoid misunderstanding the World Health Organization noises it as COVID-19 virus when interacting with the media COVID-19 is new globally as well as in India. This has disturbed peoples mind. There are various rumours about the coronavirus in Indian society which causes panic in peoples mind. It is the need of society to know myths and facts about coronavirus to reduce the panic and take the proper precautionary actions for our safety against the coronavirus. Thus this article aims to bust myths and present the facts to the common people. We need to verify myths spreading through social media and keep our self-ready with facts so that we can protect our self in a better way. People must prevent COVID 19 at a personal level. Appropriate action in individual communities and countries can benefit the entire world.

Отцейхгаузадомузеяизисториивоенно-историческогомузеяартиллерии,инженерныхвойскивойсксвязи

2019 ◽  
pp. 134-197
Author(s):  
V.E. . Sergei
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Military History ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
General Field ◽  
Signal Corps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Military Engineering ◽  
The Military

The article is dedicated to the history of the Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineering and Signal Corps. The author examines the main stages of the museums formation, starting with the foundation of the Arsenal, established in St. Petersburg at the orders of Peter the Great on August 29th 1703 for the safekeeping and preservation of memory, for eternal glory of unique arms and military trophies. In 1756, on the base of the Arsenals collection, the General Inspector of Artillery Count P.I. created the Memorial Hall, set up at the Arsenal, on St. Petersburgs Liteyny Avenue. By the end of the 18th century the collection included over 6,000 exhibits. In 1868 the Memorial Hall was transferred to the New Arsenal, at the Crownwork of the Petropavlovsky Fortress, and renamed the Artillery Museum (since 1903 the Artillery Historical Museum). A large part of the credit for the development and popularization of the collection must be given to the historian N.E. Brandenburg, the man rightly considered the founder of Russias military museums, who was the chief curator from 1872 to 1903. During the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars a significant part of the museums holdings were evacuated to Yaroslavl and Novosibirsk. Thanks to the undying devotion of the museums staff, it not only survived, but increased its collection. In the 1960s over 100,000 exhibits were transferred from the holdings of the Central Historical Museum of Military Engineering and the Military Signal Corps Museum. In 1991 the collection also received the entire Museum of General Field Marshal M.I. Kutuzov, transferred from the Polish town of Bolesawjec. The Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineering and Signal Coprs is now one of the largest museums of military history in the world. It holds an invaluable collection of artillery and ammunition, of firearms and cold steel arms, military engineering and signal technology, military banners, uniforms, a rich collection of paintings and graphic works, orders and medals, as well as extensive archives, all dedicated to the history of Russian artillery and the feats of our nations defenders.Статья посвящена истории создания ВоенноИсторического музея артиллерии, инженерных войск и войск связи. Автор рассматривает основные этапы становления музея, начиная с основания Арсенала, созданного в СанктПетербурге по приказу Петра I 29 августа 1703 года для хранения и сохранения памяти, во имя вечной славы уникального оружия и военных трофеев. В 1756 году на базе коллекции Арсенала генеральный инспектор артиллерии граф П. И. создал мемориальный зал, установленный при Арсенале, на Литейном проспекте СанктПетербурга. К концу 18 века коллекция насчитывала более 6000 экспонатов. В 1868 году Мемориальный зал был перенесен в Новый Арсенал, на венец Петропавловской крепости, и переименован в Артиллерийский музей (с 1903 года Артиллерийский Исторический музей). Большая заслуга в развитии и популяризации коллекции принадлежит историку Н.Е. Бранденбургу, человеку, по праву считавшемуся основателем российских военных музеев, который был главным хранителем с 1872 по 1903 год. В годы Гражданской и Великой Отечественной войн значительная часть фондов музея была эвакуирована в Ярославль и Новосибирск. Благодаря неусыпной преданности сотрудников музея, он не только сохранился, но и пополнил свою коллекцию. В 1960х годах более 100 000 экспонатов были переданы из фондов Центрального исторического военноинженерного музея и Музея войск связи. В 1991 году коллекцию также получил весь музей генералфельдмаршала М. И. Кутузова, переданный из польского города Болеславец. Военноисторический музей артиллерии, инженерных войск и войск связи в настоящее время является одним из крупнейших музеев военной истории в мире. Здесь хранится бесценная коллекция артиллерии и боеприпасов, огнестрельного и холодного оружия, военной техники и сигнальной техники, военных знамен, обмундирования, богатая коллекция живописных и графических работ, орденов и медалей, а также обширные архивы, посвященные истории русской артиллерии и подвигам защитников нашего народа.

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