scholarly journals Offences and Procedures in the Iranian and United State Capital Markets

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Mahdi Ashourzadeh Chakusari ◽  
Mohsen Shekarchi Zadeh ◽  
Gholamhossein Masoud
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Capital Markets ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
United State ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types ◽  
State Capital

Economic development in the today's societies has provided the bed for development of economic offences and consequently, the offences relevant to stock exchange. Today, one of the simplest and sometime safest ways to make money can be investment in field of stock exchange. Investing personal money through investment in economic cycle has helped economic cycle a lot and has prevented inflation and stagnation in this cycle and on the other hand, it has provided conditions for some offences. Stock exchange can be a good platform to commit classic offences such as betrayal of trust, theft and fraud and also can ease offences such as different types of fraud, cybercrimes and so on. Therefore, the governments have always thought about controlling and protecting the capital and the investors to prevent the chaos in the stock exchange and consequently, economy of the society. The actions of activists in the capital market, which are against the principles and regulations of the market, can be classified in 3 groups: 1. Regulative offences 2. Disputes 3. Offences. The occurrence of any of these acts is inevitable and can pave the way for distort of regulation and the security of governor on the investment activities of the states. Therefore, this study has attempted to consider the abovementioned issues as much as possible in Iran and US countries. Then, the study tends to analyze and investigate the supervising officials and tends at last to present types of lawsuits and procedures for them in field of stock exchange.

scholarly journals Digitalisasi sebagai upaya adaptif industri pasar modal di era disruption: dampak pada eksistensi WPPE di masa pandemi Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-162
Author(s):  
Edi Murdiyanto ◽  
Taufik Akbar ◽  
Ati Retna Sari
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Online Services ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Current Disruption ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Online Trading

This research is based on the number of securities companies that have begun to focus on the phenomenon of their business on online services, both online account opening and online trading media transactions as an effort to adapt to the current disruption. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach, by triangulating research data. Not all data were obtained in full due to limited access obtained by researchers. From the results of the study, there was an increase in the number of investors in the capital market during the COVID-19 pandemic. On the other hand, there is a decrease in the number of securities companies that are members of the stock exchange, as well as the WPPE licensed brokerage profession which is facing serious challenges due to this phenomenon.

scholarly journals General Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Birgit Charlotte Müller
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Finance ◽  
Capital Markets ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Efficient Market Hypothesis ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
Efficient Market ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

ZusammenfassungWithin the field of capital market research, two diametrically opposed conceptions continue to be prevailing: The efficient market hypothesis by Fama (1970) on the one hand and the behavioral finance approach by Shiller (2003) on the other hand. According to Fama (1970), capital markets are efficient in a sense that current prices of securities incorporate all information available up to that point in time. Consequently, following Fama’s reasoning, there exist no possibilities to gain riskless profits by exploiting mispricings (so-called arbitrage) (Fama, 1970). Shiller (2003), in contrast, puts forward the claim that markets tend to behave irrationally, implying that there indeed exist possibilities to exploit mispricings.

scholarly journals International Equity Portfolios and Currency Hedging: The Viewpoint of German and Hungarian Investors

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyöngyi Bugár ◽  
Raimond Maurer
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Currency Hedging ◽  
Portfolio Strategies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
International Equity ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Equity Portfolios

AbstractIn this paper we study the benefits derived from international diversification of equity portfolios from the German and the Hungarian points of view. In contrast to the German capital market, which is one of the largest in the world, the Hungarian Stock Exchange is an emerging market. The Hungarian stock market is highly volatile, high returns are often accompanied by extremely large risk. Therefore, there is a good potential for Hungarian investors to realise substantial benefits in terms of risk reduction by creating multi-currency portfolios. The paper gives evidence on the above mentioned benefits for both countries by examining the performance of several ex ante portfolio strategies. In order to control the currency risk, different types of hedging approaches are implemented.

Studying the Effect of Changing the Managing Director on the Abnormal Returns of Shares of Companies Listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Hasan ◽  
Hudaa Nadhim Khalbas ◽  
Farqad Mohammed Bakr AL Saadi
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Market Reaction ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Abnormal Stock Returns

The aim of this research is to study the market reaction to the change of the managing director and how this change affects the abnormal returns of the shares. The research is based on the information published by the companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, and 35 companies were selected for the period from 2015 to 2019. The results of the hypothesis test for this study show that there is a negative and significant relationship between the change of the managing director and abnormal stock returns. On the other hand, investors undervalue stock prices when changing CEOs. As a result, the stock returns are less than expected.

scholarly journals Transformation of the Banking Sector of Ukraine: Reasons and Consequences

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Myroslava Khutorna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
The Real ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

This paper is devoted to the consideration of the preconditions and results of the banking sector of Ukraine transforming, its influence on the sector’s productivity, stability and significance for the real economy. It’s grounded that banking sector of Ukraine has seriously weakened its potential for the economic development stimulation. On the one hand, due to the banking sector clearance from the bad and unscrupulous banks the system has become much more sensitive to the monetary instruments and its state is going to be more predictable and better controlled. But on the other hand, massive banks’ liquidations have caused the worsening of the confidence in financial system and radical increasing of the market concentration the highest degree of which is observed in the householders’ deposit market.

scholarly journals CAPITAL STRUCTURE DETERMINANTS OF PLANTATION SUB-SECTOR COMPANIES IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE PERIOD 2014 – 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-468
Author(s):  
Septian Wildan Mujaddid ◽  
Bambang Santoso Marsoem
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
The Other ◽  
Corporate Liquidity ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Other Hand

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence the Debt to Asset Ratio which is a proxy of Capital Structure as the dependent variable. The independent variables studied as determinants of Capital Structure (DAR) include Size (SIZE), Profitability (ROA), Asset Structure (SA), and Corporate Liquidity (CR) using regression model. The population in this study are plantation sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014 - 2018. The findings suggest that ROA negatively significant affect DAR, while SA positively significant affect DAR. On the other hand, both SIZE & CR have no significant relationship with DAR

scholarly journals Insider Trading Crime in Turkish Criminal Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Çetin Arslan ◽  
Didar Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Insider Trading ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Capital Markets ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Disclosure ◽  
Crime Type ◽  
The Capital Market

Insider trading act is penalised ultima ratio with the aim of fighting against manmade market actions which outrage the principle of public disclosure and the element of trust in order to establish equality and good faith in capital markets. Insider trading is first disposed as a crime among the other capital market crimes (art.47/1-A-1) in the Capital Market Code no.2499 dated 28.07.1981 with the Amendment to the law no.3794 dated 29.04.1992 and at the present time it is rearranged as a self-contained crime type in article 106 of the Capital Market Code no.6362 dated 06.12.2012. In this study, the crime of insider trading is examined –in particular through the controversial points- as a comparative analysis between abrogated and current dispositions in Turkish Law.

Assessing the Utilization of Automata in Representing Players' Behaviors in Game Theory

Game Theory ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 106-119
Author(s):  
Khaled Suwais
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Finite Automata ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types ◽  
State Of Art

Representing players' strategies in game theory has a direct impact on the players' performance. The state of art shows that automata are one of the primary techniques used for representing players' strategies and behaviors. In this paper, the author will identify different types of automata and assess their utilization in the field of game theory. Is has been found that finite automata, adaptive automata, and cellular automata are widely adopted in game theory. The utilization of finite automata is found to be limited to represent simpler players' behavior. On the other hand, adaptive automata and cellular automata are intensively applied in complex environments, where the number of interacted players is large and therefore, representing complex behaviors are needed.

scholarly journals How Far Can One Push the Noble Gases Towards Bonding?: A Personal Account

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranajit Saha ◽  
Gourhari Jana ◽  
Sudip Pan ◽  
Gabriel Merino ◽  
Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
Keyword(s):  
Electron Density ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Noble Gases ◽  
Activation Barrier ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Account ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types

Noble gases (Ngs) are the least reactive elements in the periodic table towards chemical bond formation when compared with other elements because of their completely filled valence electronic configuration. Very often, extreme conditions like low temperatures, high pressures and very reactive reagents are required for them to form meaningful chemical bonds with other elements. In this personal account, we summarize our works to date on Ng complexes where we attempted to theoretically predict viable Ng complexes having strong bonding to synthesize them under close to ambient conditions. Our works cover three different types of Ng complexes, viz., non-insertion of NgXY type, insertion of XNgY type and Ng encapsulated cage complexes where X and Y can represent any atom or group of atoms. While the first category of Ng complexes can be thermochemically stable at a certain temperature depending on the strength of the Ng-X bond, the latter two categories are kinetically stable, and therefore, their viability and the corresponding conditions depend on the size of the activation barrier associated with the release of Ng atom(s). Our major focus was devoted to understand the bonding situation in these complexes by employing the available state-of-the-art theoretic tools like natural bond orbital, electron density, and energy decomposition analyses in combination with the natural orbital for chemical valence theory. Intriguingly, these three types of complexes represent three different types of bonding scenarios. In NgXY, the strength of the donor-acceptor Ng→XY interaction depends on the polarizing power of binding the X center to draw the rather rigid electron density of Ng towards itself, and sometimes involvement of such orbitals becomes large enough, particularly for heavier Ng elements, to consider them as covalent bonds. On the other hand, in most of the XNgY cases, Ng forms an electron-shared covalent bond with X while interacting electrostatically with Y representing itself as [XNg]+Y−. Nevertheless, in some of the rare cases like NCNgNSi, both the C-Ng and Ng-N bonds can be represented as electron-shared covalent bonds. On the other hand, a cage host is an excellent moiety to examine the limits that can be pushed to attain bonding between two Ng atoms (even for He) at high pressure. The confinement effect by a small cage-like B12N12 can even induce some covalent interaction within two He atoms in the He2@B12N12 complex.

scholarly journals Impacts of Land Ownership on the Economic Performance and Viability of Rice Farming in Thailand

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Amorn Pochanasomboon ◽  
Witsanu Attavanich ◽  
Akaranant Kidsom
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
The Other ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types

This article evaluates the impacts of land ownership on the economic performance and viability of rice farming in Thailand, and explores whether they are heterogeneous across different types of farming while using the propensity score matching (PSM) technique. This study categorizes land ownership into two types: full land ownership and weak land ownership. We reveal that full land ownership enhances the rice yield of small and midsize farms, with values of 115.789–127.414 kg/hectare and 51.926–70.707 kg/hectare, respectively. On the other hand, weak land ownership only enhances the rice yield of small farms, with an increased yield of 65.590–72.574 kg/hectare. Full land ownership also helps to reduce the informal debt of small and midsize farms by $16.972–$24.877 per farm and $31.393–$37.819 per farm, respectively. On the other hand, weak land ownership helps to reduce the informal debt of midsize farms, ranging from $36.909 to $44.681 per farm. Therefore, policy makers should encourage small and midsize farm households to adopt full land ownership instead of weak land ownership, as this will provide the greatest benefits to farm households and efficient land use.

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